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第 8 课 · 第 1 阶段: 基础

“So do I” / “I think so”

初级

构成与用法

So do I, Neither can I, I think so, I hope not — 用助动词或 so/not 的简短回答

1.怎样构成

回答一般疑问句(yes/no 问句)时用 Yes / No + 主语 + 助动词——重复问句里的助动词,不用把整句话再说一遍。

问句肯定回答否定回答
Are you tired?Yes, I am.No, I'm not.
Is it far?Yes, it is.No, it isn't.
Do you cook?Yes, I do.No, I don't.
Does he smoke?Yes, he does.No, he doesn't.
Did they win?Yes, they did.No, they didn't.
Can you swim?Yes, I can.No, I can't.
Have you got a car?Yes, I have.No, I haven't.
Is there a lift?Yes, there is.No, there isn't.
Will she come?Yes, she will.No, she won't.

2.要记住的规则

  • 肯定回答永远不缩写:Yes, I am / Yes, she is / Yes, we have(不说 Yes, I'm / Yes, she's / Yes, we've)。
  • 否定回答通常用缩写:No, I'm not / No, he doesn't / No, they can't。
  • 主语要相应变化:Are you…? → Yes, I am. Does your mum…? → Yes, she does. Are the shops…? → No, they aren't.
  • 助动词必须和时态一致:Did…? → 用 did / didn't,绝不用 do。

只说 “Yes.” 或 “No.” 可能显得生硬、冷淡。完整的简略回答(Yes, I do.)听起来自然、礼貌得多。

3.回答否定疑问句

中文按是否同意对方的说法来回答(“你不喜欢榴莲吗?——对,我不喜欢。”)。英语则根据事实来选择 Yes/No。

  • Don't you like durian? — Yes, I do.

    你不喜欢榴莲吗?——不,我喜欢。(= 我喜欢)

  • Don't you like durian? — No, I don't.

    你不喜欢榴莲吗?——对,我不喜欢。(= 我不喜欢)

小窍门:把问句里的 “not” 去掉(Do you like durian?),再回答这个问题。喜欢 → Yes, I do。不喜欢 → No, I don't。

4.用助动词简短回应

助动词还可以用来回应别人的陈述,而不用重复整句话。

用途例句
表示惊讶或感兴趣I've lost my phone. — Have you? / I don't eat meat. — Don't you?
我也是(肯定)I love this song. — So do I. / I'm hungry. — So am I.
我也不(否定)I can't dance. — Neither can I. / I didn't go. — Neither did I.
表示反对You didn't lock the door. — Yes, I did!
简短表达看法Is it going to rain? — I think so. / I hope not. / I don't think so.

5.常见错误

  • Are you a student? — Yes, I'm.

    Yes, I am.

    肯定回答不缩写。

  • Do you like tea? — Yes, I like.

    Yes, I do.

    重复助动词,而不是主要动词。

  • Did you see it? — Yes, I saw.

    Yes, I did.

    重复 did。

  • Is your father at home? — Yes, he's.

    Yes, he is.

    肯定回答不缩写。

  • I'm tired. — So do I.

    So am I.

    助动词必须和原句一致(am)。

例句

  • A: I love durian. B: So do I.
  • A: I'm tired. B: So am I. Let's go home.
  • A: I've seen that film twice. B: So have I.
  • A: I can't drive. B: Neither can I.
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