第 8 课 · 第 1 阶段: 基础
“So do I” / “I think so”
初级构成与用法
So do I, Neither can I, I think so, I hope not — 用助动词或 so/not 的简短回答
1.怎样构成
回答一般疑问句(yes/no 问句)时用 Yes / No + 主语 + 助动词——重复问句里的助动词,不用把整句话再说一遍。
| 问句 | 肯定回答 | 否定回答 |
|---|---|---|
| Are you tired? | Yes, I am. | No, I'm not. |
| Is it far? | Yes, it is. | No, it isn't. |
| Do you cook? | Yes, I do. | No, I don't. |
| Does he smoke? | Yes, he does. | No, he doesn't. |
| Did they win? | Yes, they did. | No, they didn't. |
| Can you swim? | Yes, I can. | No, I can't. |
| Have you got a car? | Yes, I have. | No, I haven't. |
| Is there a lift? | Yes, there is. | No, there isn't. |
| Will she come? | Yes, she will. | No, she won't. |
2.要记住的规则
- 肯定回答永远不缩写:Yes, I am / Yes, she is / Yes, we have(不说 Yes, I'm / Yes, she's / Yes, we've)。
- 否定回答通常用缩写:No, I'm not / No, he doesn't / No, they can't。
- 主语要相应变化:Are you…? → Yes, I am. Does your mum…? → Yes, she does. Are the shops…? → No, they aren't.
- 助动词必须和时态一致:Did…? → 用 did / didn't,绝不用 do。
只说 “Yes.” 或 “No.” 可能显得生硬、冷淡。完整的简略回答(Yes, I do.)听起来自然、礼貌得多。
3.回答否定疑问句
中文按是否同意对方的说法来回答(“你不喜欢榴莲吗?——对,我不喜欢。”)。英语则根据事实来选择 Yes/No。
Don't you like durian? — Yes, I do.
你不喜欢榴莲吗?——不,我喜欢。(= 我喜欢)
Don't you like durian? — No, I don't.
你不喜欢榴莲吗?——对,我不喜欢。(= 我不喜欢)
小窍门:把问句里的 “not” 去掉(Do you like durian?),再回答这个问题。喜欢 → Yes, I do。不喜欢 → No, I don't。
4.用助动词简短回应
助动词还可以用来回应别人的陈述,而不用重复整句话。
| 用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 表示惊讶或感兴趣 | I've lost my phone. — Have you? / I don't eat meat. — Don't you? |
| 我也是(肯定) | I love this song. — So do I. / I'm hungry. — So am I. |
| 我也不(否定) | I can't dance. — Neither can I. / I didn't go. — Neither did I. |
| 表示反对 | You didn't lock the door. — Yes, I did! |
| 简短表达看法 | Is it going to rain? — I think so. / I hope not. / I don't think so. |
5.常见错误
Are you a student? — Yes, I'm.Yes, I am.
肯定回答不缩写。
Do you like tea? — Yes, I like.Yes, I do.
重复助动词,而不是主要动词。
Did you see it? — Yes, I saw.Yes, I did.
重复 did。
Is your father at home? — Yes, he's.Yes, he is.
肯定回答不缩写。
I'm tired. — So do I.So am I.
助动词必须和原句一致(am)。
例句
- A: I love durian. B: So do I.
- A: I'm tired. B: So am I. Let's go home.
- A: I've seen that film twice. B: So have I.
- A: I can't drive. B: Neither can I.
