跟读练习: 4 NPI Tips Before You Move Into Mass Production - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Remember, and again, this is really all about setting expectations.
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Working on your prototype is not a quality standard.
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Define acceptance criteria in writing before you build mass production.
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Yes, you can test and you can validate the prototype.
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Yes, this is basically the direction I'm going to go in.
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This is what it's going to look like.
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Even rough colors.
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OK, this is not your quality acceptance criteria.
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OK, you really, really need to understand what that means.
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And it is very different to what you're looking at from a prototype point of view.
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OK, I'm just trying to set your expectations of what you should be doing.
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OK, let me pick another one.
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Let's look at this MPI.
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okay if you haven't got a structured mpi process in place with controlled processes with
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phase gates let's say you need to make sure you have you need to make sure
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that you're working with a contract manufacturer that has a solid robust mpi process in place with phase gates
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and they are strong enough in order to say mr customer
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we are not ready to move into the next phase because instead of being, oh yeah, sure, no problems, we're moving, no, no problems.
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And then all of a sudden, we've got 10,000 units with 10,000 problems.
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Really have that MPI process in place.
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One way can check, do your audit.
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Yes. And
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if you're thinking what does the structured mpi process look like
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well we do have a graphic form of the mpi process
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that we follow that you might like to use as reference i think you've got another couple of pro tips
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okay yeah if we've got time yeah no problems track every unit in your validation build okay Now,
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your validation build, again, we're building some just in the next room alone.
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Okay, I've got building 10 units.
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Each one of these has got its own serial number on.
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Guess what?
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It's 1 to 10.
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Okay, but we know exactly what is being tested, when it's being tested, who's testing it, what the results are, and what that unit number is.
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Okay, and each one of those has its own variations within the test output.
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okay now what we're doing here is we're building 10 now this is like the dbt okay
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or tooling validation okay so we're not quite at production yet
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but we have identified some small areas
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that need to be improved in order to that product to go into mass production and be built reliably consistently and robustly.
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Okay, so track.
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Don't just like get 10 prototypes built.
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Yeah, they all work, but this one was like a little bit off.
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Let me send them all back to you.
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And you didn't actually identify which one was wrong.
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Then we're going to get that back or your contract manufacturer or your developer's going to get back and say, I'm going to make the assumption that it's this one
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because it feels different to me as opposed to you didn't mark it up okay
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so serial numbers is really important and particularly on the unseen aspects software
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and firmware okay super super important software and firm
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and have your tracking or serial numbers encoded in okay super important particularly
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when it comes to that debugging
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or cleaning up process okay there you go it's another pro
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tip um moving factory i've talked about this before i'll talk
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about again make sure you understand what the factory you're working
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with has everything in place with respect to qualifying a new
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production run now prototypes to mass production okay that's sort of understandable
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but what if you're going from mass production to mass production now we we have those scenarios as well
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and we will not take a product on until we've done a validation
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or a pilot run even if
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that is a mature product okay why we've got a different
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set of people okay it's a different set of eyes different set of hands actually putting
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that product together okay so this is what you need to insist
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that if you're transferring a product from one factory to another
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or one contract manufacturer to another contract manufacturer you insist
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that they do a small pilot run okay in order to
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prove the new process is correct maybe it's the old process
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but there's a new interpretation of
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that okay then you can actually understand what your failure rates are what your yield rates are
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once you understand that you can do your quality analysis to your eight days
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and all the rest of it but the key thing is you don't just transfer
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and say well i was building 10 000 last month
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and this supplier and everything is perfectly okay i'm going to transfer
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and expect the same okay it doesn't happen okay it's almost like starting from scratch
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but you know at least have
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that pilot run in there okay now a lot of people transfer
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because of cost because of quality issues because of of personnel issues.
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They're all valid, all valid reasons, okay?
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But put cost back on the table if you are transferring 10,000 bill per month,
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10,000 bill per month without that trial, okay?
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The cost of failure of 20%, for example, is huge, absolutely huge.
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All you have to do is like scale back for a little while
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do that pilot run make sure everything is okay then you can ramp back up okay
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so if you're doing that factory transfer be very careful
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 80 个句子、917 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:02。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 152 个词，接近日常对话。 88% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| prototype 名词 | /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ | 原型, 雏形 |
| manufacturer 名词 | /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/ | 製作者 /制作者, 製造者 /制造者 |
| validation 名词 | /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ | 肯定, 情緒價值 /情绪价值 |
| gate 名词 | /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ | 門口 /门口, 門 /门 |
| valid 形容词 | /ˈvælɪd/ | 有效的 |
| insist 动词 | /ɪnˈsɪst/ | 堅持 /坚持 |
| expectation 名词 | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | 等待 |
| output 名词 | /ˈaʊtpʊt/ | 輸出 /输出 |
| aspect 名词 | /ˈæspɛkt/ | 方面 |
| sudden 形容词 | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | 突然, 急劇 /急剧 |
| define 动词 | /dɪˈfaɪn/ | 界定 |
| mature 形容词 | /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ | 成熟, 成長 /成长 |
| graphic 形容词 | /ˈɡɹæfɪk/ | 圖形的 /图形的 |
| interpretation 名词 | /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/ | 翻譯 /翻译 |
| scenario 名词 | /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ | 腳本 /脚本, 場景 /场景 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have identified · i've talked · we've done |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | being tested · be improved |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 32 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, we're, I'm。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 prototype, manufacturer, validation 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。