シャドーイング練習: 4 NPI Tips Before You Move Into Mass Production - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Remember, and again, this is really all about setting expectations.
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Working on your prototype is not a quality standard.
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Define acceptance criteria in writing before you build mass production.
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Yes, you can test and you can validate the prototype.
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Yes, this is basically the direction I'm going to go in.
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This is what it's going to look like.
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Even rough colors.
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OK, this is not your quality acceptance criteria.
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OK, you really, really need to understand what that means.
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And it is very different to what you're looking at from a prototype point of view.
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OK, I'm just trying to set your expectations of what you should be doing.
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OK, let me pick another one.
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Let's look at this MPI.
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okay if you haven't got a structured mpi process in place with controlled processes with
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phase gates let's say you need to make sure you have you need to make sure
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that you're working with a contract manufacturer that has a solid robust mpi process in place with phase gates
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and they are strong enough in order to say mr customer
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we are not ready to move into the next phase because instead of being, oh yeah, sure, no problems, we're moving, no, no problems.
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And then all of a sudden, we've got 10,000 units with 10,000 problems.
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Really have that MPI process in place.
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One way can check, do your audit.
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Yes. And
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if you're thinking what does the structured mpi process look like
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well we do have a graphic form of the mpi process
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that we follow that you might like to use as reference i think you've got another couple of pro tips
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okay yeah if we've got time yeah no problems track every unit in your validation build okay Now,
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your validation build, again, we're building some just in the next room alone.
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Okay, I've got building 10 units.
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Each one of these has got its own serial number on.
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Guess what?
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It's 1 to 10.
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Okay, but we know exactly what is being tested, when it's being tested, who's testing it, what the results are, and what that unit number is.
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Okay, and each one of those has its own variations within the test output.
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okay now what we're doing here is we're building 10 now this is like the dbt okay
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or tooling validation okay so we're not quite at production yet
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but we have identified some small areas
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that need to be improved in order to that product to go into mass production and be built reliably consistently and robustly.
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Okay, so track.
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Don't just like get 10 prototypes built.
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Yeah, they all work, but this one was like a little bit off.
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Let me send them all back to you.
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And you didn't actually identify which one was wrong.
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Then we're going to get that back or your contract manufacturer or your developer's going to get back and say, I'm going to make the assumption that it's this one
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because it feels different to me as opposed to you didn't mark it up okay
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so serial numbers is really important and particularly on the unseen aspects software
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and firmware okay super super important software and firm
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and have your tracking or serial numbers encoded in okay super important particularly
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when it comes to that debugging
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or cleaning up process okay there you go it's another pro
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tip um moving factory i've talked about this before i'll talk
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about again make sure you understand what the factory you're working
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with has everything in place with respect to qualifying a new
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production run now prototypes to mass production okay that's sort of understandable
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but what if you're going from mass production to mass production now we we have those scenarios as well
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and we will not take a product on until we've done a validation
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or a pilot run even if
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that is a mature product okay why we've got a different
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set of people okay it's a different set of eyes different set of hands actually putting
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that product together okay so this is what you need to insist
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that if you're transferring a product from one factory to another
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or one contract manufacturer to another contract manufacturer you insist
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that they do a small pilot run okay in order to
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prove the new process is correct maybe it's the old process
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but there's a new interpretation of
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that okay then you can actually understand what your failure rates are what your yield rates are
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once you understand that you can do your quality analysis to your eight days
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and all the rest of it but the key thing is you don't just transfer
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and say well i was building 10 000 last month
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and this supplier and everything is perfectly okay i'm going to transfer
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and expect the same okay it doesn't happen okay it's almost like starting from scratch
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but you know at least have
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that pilot run in there okay now a lot of people transfer
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because of cost because of quality issues because of of personnel issues.
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They're all valid, all valid reasons, okay?
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But put cost back on the table if you are transferring 10,000 bill per month,
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10,000 bill per month without that trial, okay?
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The cost of failure of 20%, for example, is huge, absolutely huge.
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All you have to do is like scale back for a little while
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do that pilot run make sure everything is okay then you can ramp back up okay
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so if you're doing that factory transfer be very careful
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が80文、単語が917語あります。 音声の長さは6:02です。 話す速さは1分あたり約152語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の88%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| prototype 名詞 | /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ | プロトタイプ, 原型 |
| manufacturer 名詞 | /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/ | メーカー, 製造業者 |
| gate 名詞 | /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ | 門, 大門 |
| valid 形容詞 | /ˈvælɪd/ | 有効な |
| acceptance 名詞 | /əkˈsɛp.təns/ | 受け入れ |
| insist 動詞 | /ɪnˈsɪst/ | 主張する |
| expectation 名詞 | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | 期待, 予想 |
| output 名詞 | /ˈaʊtpʊt/ | 出力 |
| aspect 名詞 | /ˈæspɛkt/ | 様相 |
| sudden 形容詞 | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | 突然の |
| mature 形容詞 | /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ | 成熟, 成熟した |
| graphic 形容詞 | /ˈɡɹæfɪk/ | 描写的, 鮮明な |
| interpretation 名詞 | /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/ | 通訳 |
| scenario 名詞 | /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ | 脚本, 台本 |
| scratch 動詞 | /skɹæt͡ʃ/ | 引っ掻く |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| clean up 動詞 | 掃除する |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have identified · i've talked · we've done |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | being tested · be improved |
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, we're, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を32回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。prototype, manufacturer, gateなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。