跟读练习: Basics of Comic Shading - 通过视频学习英语口语

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The next very important topic

that we need to cover in order to make your compositions flow and be very easy to read is lighting.

Now lighting in its most basic form is a directional light source, an object that catches that light,

and then a shadow on that object away from the light.

Now that gets a little bit more complex when we have an object, our light source, a shadow away from the light

and a surface that's going to be obscured by the object in front of it

and so for the purposes of illustration i almost always

and i highly recommend

that you do too use a directional light source as opposed to a pin light which will radiate light out

in all directions and this can be extraordinarily difficult to compensate for for really very little practical effect and

so what i'm going to do is i'm going to draw a line from the outline of my foreground object

and that is where i'm going to cast a shadow onto the object below it

and one further thing to bear in mind is that

when you have an object a surface below that object

and a light source

that's directional like this i'll draw a shadow across my object

away from the light a shadow onto the surface behind where

that surface is being obscured by the object

but also this surface catches light and reflects light back up onto my object

and so that creates a core shadow

so the core shadow is where it's receiving no light at all

this is where my main light is hitting this light source

and then my bounce light is creating a light on the back of my surface here this is something

that can be very effective but it can also lead to a lot of problems

and because we're dealing with comic book illustration we're going to avoid this kind of effect for now

and just before we move on I'm going to draw a very very simple shape for a nose

there's my eyes over the nose

and I've got a cheek behind it my lip just below

it very very simple just to get the point across

and I'm going to draw my same light source and

so on this side of the nose away from the light

I'm going to have a shadow I have a shadow here away from the light

and along the bottom just like

that very simple this is using as simple shapes as we

possibly can we'll also have shadows where the eyes recess and we'll just draw those as simple shapes for now

but it's important to bear in mind

that the nose projects outward from the face and here's my lip

and my brow draw my eye all very very simple just to get it across

and here would be the plane of my cheek like this my nose projects out quite a bit

and so it's going to cast a shadow just like this example here this would be my nose

and this will be my cheek the surface of my cheek

and now they're attached these are separate

but it's going to cast a shadow across that surface just like this

and so what I have here is a body shadow what I have here is a cast shadow

and I can soften this up toward the light using a little bit of line

but my cast shadow always needs to remain hard

because it represents the outline of my nose cast against a surface below

so this will be a body shadow here body shadow here body shadow here

and then below the lip i get a cast shadow it goes out further

and it's important to remember the distinction between the two

when you're doing your lighting so now

that we have a very very basic understanding of lighting established here

we're going to start to learn how to use lighting compositionally to help our panels come together and be more readable.

And so I'm going to start with simple shape for a figure.

I just want this to be an outline shape.

And here's a figure drawn into a panel.

I'm going to light him again from the same angle that I used just over here.

So he'll have a little bit of shadow cast here.

And that's all fine.

But what I really want to concentrate on is the cast shadow from this figure onto the wall behind

and you can see that that cast shadow not only is relatively accurate

but it also really helps to frame my figure

and pop this figure forward because i'm using a light shape that's juxtaposed over dark shape

and then using the rules of composition i used before

i can just cast a shadow over the wall entirely as

if this is a window casting the light on them and I can use that to frame my figure.

And this is a technique you will see used over and over again in comics when you start to look for it.

Conversely, I've got a figure fully in shadow, so he's completely in silhouette.

And I can draw a doorway around him just like this.

And because he's dark, he stands out against the light coming through the door behind him.

And that dark to light to dark reads very, very easily and also serves to frame my figure just the way that I did here.

Now I wanted to talk about the final way that I use shadow compositionally.

And this method can be a little bit confusing

if you think of it just in terms of using a light source and proper shadow.

So the way that it works is I'll draw just very simple shapes.

So I've got a rectangular shape here.

I'm going to keep this light.

I'm going to draw a shape behind it.

And this shape will be dark.

And now I'll draw another shape behind that.

this one will be light and then a shape behind this and this will be dark

another light shape and a dark shape and I can keep going across my panel just by layering

light and shadow and I do try to bear in mind

that I've got a light source coming from here and so

if I had my light source coming from here I'd want to lay the other way around

so at the very least I have my light portions pointing toward the light as much as possible but

when I think in terms of my shadow

I'm really thinking in terms of layering more than just thinking in terms of exactly where a shadow would fall.

So a really good way to show this in practice would be to show some chimneys.

Let me get in here and draw a chimney in the foreground

and I'm going to keep these pretty simple just a little bit of detail just so we all know it's a chimney.

and now behind it I'm going to draw another chimney shape and this one is just going to be dark

and making the chimney behind my light chimney here dark really separates the two

and then I can draw another chimney behind this one this won't be light

and then maybe another shape just behind this and this will be dark

and I can go all the way back through a panel and just layer my shapes like this.

And this is a great way to use shadow to achieve

depth in a picture just by layering lights onto darks onto lights onto darks all the way back.

And it's a very, very simple technique to use.

100

It's something that you really don't need to overthink.

101

That's it for this lesson.

102

If you enjoyed this video, take a look at the premium course over at proko .com slash comic page.

103

See if you can apply some of these basic principles to your own work.

104

Thanks so much for joining me.

105

I'll see you next time.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“Basics of Comic Shading”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：shadow, shape, draw, dark, object。这段视频共有 49 个句子、1349 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 7:16。说话人语速较快，每分钟约 185 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
shadow 名词	/ˈʃædəʊ̯/	йинзы, йинйинзы
chimney 名词	/ˈt͡ʃɪmni/	煙筒 /烟筒, 煙囪 /烟囱
layer 名词	/ˈleɪ̯ɚ/	層 /层
cheek 名词	/t͡ʃiːk/	臉頰 /脸颊, 腮
outline 名词	/ˈaʊtlaɪn/	輪廓 /轮廓
technique 名词	/tɛkˈniːk/	技術 /技术, 技巧
comic 名词	/ˈkɑmɪk/	喜劇演員 /喜剧演员
composition 名词	/ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/	成分
illustration 名词	/ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/	例證 /例证
obscure 形容词	/əbˈskjʊɹ/	不清楚, 陰暗 /阴暗
topic 名词	/ˈtɑpɪk/	主題 /主题, 話題 /话题
practical 形容词	/ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/	使用的, 實用 /实用
lesson 名词	/ˈlɛs.ən/	課業 /课业, -課 /-课
establish 动词	/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/	確定 /确定
reflect 动词	/ɹɪˈflɛkt/	反映, 反射

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	发音	释义
come together 动词	/ˈkʌm tʊˈɡɛðɚ/	集合, 联合
go out 动词		出, 出口

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 33 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, I'll, I've。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/
长单词——注意重音位置: composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, rectangular /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/, directional /dɪˈɹɛk.ʃə.nəl/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: cheek /t͡ʃiːk/, technique /tɛkˈniːk/, comic /ˈkɑmɪk/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, rectangular /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/
/æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, angle /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/, attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 shadow, chimney, layer 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: Basics of Comic Shading - 通过视频学习英语口语

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