跟读练习: C in 100 Seconds - 通过视频学习英语口语

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C, a statically typed procedural programming language famous for making the world go round.
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It's the language behind many tools we take for granted, like the Windows, Linux, and Mac operating system kernels, databases like MySQL, interpreters for languages like
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Python, tools like Vim and Git, and countless others.
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It was created in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs, where it would be used to develop the Unix operating system.
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It would go on to become the mother of all languages, inspiring the syntax of C++, C Sharp, Java, JavaScript, Perl,
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and PHP, just to name a few.
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It compiles directly to machine code and requires minimal runtime support,
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but is platform -dependent, meaning the executable is designed to run on a specific operating system.
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It's a high -level language designed for humans, yet provides low -level control over memory and hardware.
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There's no garbage collector.
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Instead, your code needs to manage its own memory.
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When you create a variable, it's assigned an address in memory.
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You can store that address in another variable called a pointer.
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When the variable is no longer needed, you'll need to free it to avoid memory leaks.
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To get started, install a C compiler.
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A popular choice is the GNU C compiler, or GCC.
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Create a file ending in .c, include any libraries you plan to use, then add a main function to it.
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This is where your program will start executing.
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There's no function keyword, and notice how it returns an integer type.
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A return value of 0 means success, while a return value of 1 means failure.
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There are only a few basic types in C.
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Create a variable by starting with a type, followed by a name and value.
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Use printf to print the value to the standard output, or put an ampersand in front of it to reference its address in memory.
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There's no string type, but instead char, which represents a 1 -byte character stored as an integer.
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A string can be created with an array of characters.
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Each letter will have its own memory address and be terminated by a null character.
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Another approach is to start with a pointer by adding a star character in front of the type, then we can allocate 4 bytes to it.
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Now assign a character to each index, ending with the null character to create a string.
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When you no longer need that memory allocated to your program, use free to release it back to the computer's RAM.
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The language is procedural and does not support object -oriented features, although you can create your own complex data types using structs.
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Now compile your code to machine instructions for your operating system using the C compiler.
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This has been the C programming language in 100 seconds.
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Hit the like button and subscribe if you want to see more short videos like this.
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Thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“C in 100 Seconds”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有:memory, language, character, type, create。 这段视频共有 34 个句子、487 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:25。 说话人语速较快,每分钟约 202 个词,会出现较多连读和弱读。 只有 77% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词,词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词,附发音和释义:

单词发音释义
string 名词/stɹɪŋ/線 /线
null 名词/nʌl/空值
assign 动词/əˈsaɪn/分配, 分派
pointer 名词/ˈpɔɪn.təɹ/教鞭
output 名词/ˈaʊtpʊt/輸出 /输出
database 名词/ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/數據庫 /数据库
hardware 名词/ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/硬件, 硬體 /硬体
dependent 形容词/dɪˈpɛndənt/依靠, 倚賴 /倚赖
garbage 名词/ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/垃圾, 廢物 /废物
install 动词/ɪnˈstɔl/安裝 /安装
instruction 名词/ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/教導 /教导
leak 名词/liːk/漏洞
subscribe 动词/səbˈskɹaɪb/簽署 /签署
inspire 动词/ɪnˈspaɪə(ɹ)/授意, 鼓舞
countless 形容词/ˈkaʊntləs/無數 /无数

需要注意的发音

  • 长单词——注意重音位置: procedural /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/, interpreter /ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪ.tɚ/, executable /ˈɛksəkjutəbl/

中文母语者容易读错的音:

  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚,后面不要加元音: output /ˈaʊtpʊt/, database /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/, dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/, leak /liːk/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: variable [ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩], procedural /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/
  • /æ/ — 嘴张大,不要读成 /e/: variable [ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩], syntax /ˈsɪn.tæks/, allocate /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/, ampersand /ˈæm.pə(ɹ).sænd/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频,不要开口,记下不认识的单词。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读,熟练之后再回到正常速度。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比,特别注意 string, null, assign 这类单词。

什么是跟读法?

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧,最初开发用于专业口译员的培训,并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大:您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同,跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性,语调,节奏,连读,听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →