跟读练习: Contemporary Topics 1 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Good morning everybody.

Today I want to get started with the main topic of this course, happiness.

First, I want to talk about how psychologists like myself measure happiness.

Then, we'll look at some common characteristics of happy people.

And finally, we'll look at whether or not we can change our level of happiness.

In other words, whether we can learn to be happier.

Okay, so we all know what it's like to feel happy, right?

But how do we measure happiness?

One common method psychologists use is interviewing people.

First, we ask them questions to find out how happy they are, how happy they feel in general.

Then, we gather information about them.

like their age, health, income, and so on.

We use all of this data to determine the most common characteristics of happy people.

So, what have psychologists learned?

Well, there are a few characteristics we know are not relevant to happiness.

One of them is having a lot of money.

As long as people have enough money for a home,

food, and clothing, having more money doesn't make people happier.

So money doesn't buy happiness.

Are you surprised?

Another thing that is not connected to happiness is having more education.

People with a lot of education are no happier than people with little education.

So now maybe you're questioning your decision to take this class, huh?

Finally, a third characteristic that is not a requirement for happiness is youth, being young.

In fact, the opposite is true.

One study found that 60 to 64 year olds are actually happier than 20 to 24 year olds.

So, we know that money, education, and youth are not important to happiness.

Then what is?

Well, there's no one way to achieve happiness, but there are a few specific characteristics that happy people have in common.

One very important characteristic is family and friends.

A study of students at the University of Illinois found that the happiest students had strong connections to family and friends,

and that they made time to spend with them.

Another common feature of happy people is that they have religious beliefs, or a belief in something bigger than themselves.

This helps them feel that life has significance or meaning.

A third important thing about happy people is that they set goals for themselves.

In the workplace or in their personal lives, they establish goals around things they find interesting or things that allow them to use their strengths.

Now, another question psychologists have tried to resolve is, can we change how happy we are?

Can we learn to be happier?

Some psychologists think the answer is no, we can't.

This is because research shows that happiness depends a lot on our personality, the kind of person we are.

Some people just have more positive attitudes about life than others.

We've all noticed this, right?

And because it's difficult for people to change their personalities,

some psychologists think that we stay at about the same level of happiness throughout our lives.

But many of us in the field of positive psychology believe we can change that we can consciously learn to be happier.

Positive psychologists have developed some exercises that people can do to feel happier.

One of these is called the gratitude visit.

In this exercise, people write a letter to someone they want to thank.

For example, a parent, a friend, a teacher here.

Someone they feel has helped them in their life.

But they don't send the letter.

Instead, they visit the person and read the letter to them.

Now, research shows this really works to make the person who wrote the letter feel happier.

Why?

First, it helps them feel more connected to others.

And remember, that is very important for happiness.

Second, the people are giving something.

In this case, they're thanks to someone else.

And giving or helping others makes us feel better about ourselves.

It helps us feel that our lives have meaning.

In addition to the gratitude visit,

psychologists have developed other exercises that help people focus on the positive things in their lives

and help them use their strength to achieve goals.

And studies have shown that these exercises can help people feel better.

However, they do have limits.

For one thing, each exercise only works for a certain amount of time.

For example, the gratitude visit only makes people happier for about three months.

And of course, we can't become a lot happier.

Remember, we can't totally change our personalities.

You can't take a really unhappy, negative person and make him or her feel super happy all the time.

But I do believe that if we really want to, we can all learn ways to feel better, to feel the best that we can.

And you're going to find this out for yourselves.

For the next time, I'd like you to look into choosing your own happiness exercise.

Thank you.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“Contemporary Topics 1 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：happiness, happier, psychologists, characteristic, exercise。这段视频共有 74 个句子、820 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 7:13。说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 114 个词，很适合跟读。 88% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
happiness 名词	/ˈhæpinɪs/	幸福, 快樂 /快乐
psychologist 名词	/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/	心理學家 /心理学家
characteristic 名词	/ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/	特性, 特質 /特质
litter 名词	/ˈlɪt.ɚ/	垫料
gratitude 名词	/ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/	感恩, 謝意 /谢意
belief 名词	/bɪˈliːf/	相信, 信心
connect 动词	/kəˈnɛkt/	連接 /连接
topic 名词	/ˈtɑpɪk/	主題 /主题, 話題 /话题
clothing 名词	/ˈkloʊðɪŋ/	衣服, 衣裳
establish 动词	/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/	確定 /确定
psychology 名词	/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/	心理學 /心理学
requirement 名词	/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/	要求, 需求
depend 动词	/dɪˈpɛnd/	信任, 信賴 /信赖
significance 名词	/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/	重要性
resolve 动词	/ɹɪˈzɑlv/	解決 /解决

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
find out 动词	找出, 查明

值得反复跟读的句子

视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：

Can we learn to be happier?
Some psychologists think the answer is no, we can't.
We've all noticed this, right?
Remember, we can't totally change our personalities.

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	have tried · have developed · has helped
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	is not connected · is called

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 14 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 can't, doesn't, we'll。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“th” 音: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/
长单词——注意重音位置: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/, yourselves /jəˈsɛlvz/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, gratitude /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/, belief /bɪˈliːf/
/æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, gratitude /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 happiness, psychologist, characteristic 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: Contemporary Topics 1 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint - 通过视频学习英语口语

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