Prática de Shadowing: Contemporary Topics 1 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Good morning everybody.

Today I want to get started with the main topic of this course, happiness.

First, I want to talk about how psychologists like myself measure happiness.

Then, we'll look at some common characteristics of happy people.

And finally, we'll look at whether or not we can change our level of happiness.

In other words, whether we can learn to be happier.

Okay, so we all know what it's like to feel happy, right?

But how do we measure happiness?

One common method psychologists use is interviewing people.

First, we ask them questions to find out how happy they are, how happy they feel in general.

Then, we gather information about them.

like their age, health, income, and so on.

We use all of this data to determine the most common characteristics of happy people.

So, what have psychologists learned?

Well, there are a few characteristics we know are not relevant to happiness.

One of them is having a lot of money.

As long as people have enough money for a home,

food, and clothing, having more money doesn't make people happier.

So money doesn't buy happiness.

Are you surprised?

Another thing that is not connected to happiness is having more education.

People with a lot of education are no happier than people with little education.

So now maybe you're questioning your decision to take this class, huh?

Finally, a third characteristic that is not a requirement for happiness is youth, being young.

In fact, the opposite is true.

One study found that 60 to 64 year olds are actually happier than 20 to 24 year olds.

So, we know that money, education, and youth are not important to happiness.

Then what is?

Well, there's no one way to achieve happiness, but there are a few specific characteristics that happy people have in common.

One very important characteristic is family and friends.

A study of students at the University of Illinois found that the happiest students had strong connections to family and friends,

and that they made time to spend with them.

Another common feature of happy people is that they have religious beliefs, or a belief in something bigger than themselves.

This helps them feel that life has significance or meaning.

A third important thing about happy people is that they set goals for themselves.

In the workplace or in their personal lives, they establish goals around things they find interesting or things that allow them to use their strengths.

Now, another question psychologists have tried to resolve is, can we change how happy we are?

Can we learn to be happier?

Some psychologists think the answer is no, we can't.

This is because research shows that happiness depends a lot on our personality, the kind of person we are.

Some people just have more positive attitudes about life than others.

We've all noticed this, right?

And because it's difficult for people to change their personalities,

some psychologists think that we stay at about the same level of happiness throughout our lives.

But many of us in the field of positive psychology believe we can change that we can consciously learn to be happier.

Positive psychologists have developed some exercises that people can do to feel happier.

One of these is called the gratitude visit.

In this exercise, people write a letter to someone they want to thank.

For example, a parent, a friend, a teacher here.

Someone they feel has helped them in their life.

But they don't send the letter.

Instead, they visit the person and read the letter to them.

Now, research shows this really works to make the person who wrote the letter feel happier.

Why?

First, it helps them feel more connected to others.

And remember, that is very important for happiness.

Second, the people are giving something.

In this case, they're thanks to someone else.

And giving or helping others makes us feel better about ourselves.

It helps us feel that our lives have meaning.

In addition to the gratitude visit,

psychologists have developed other exercises that help people focus on the positive things in their lives

and help them use their strength to achieve goals.

And studies have shown that these exercises can help people feel better.

However, they do have limits.

For one thing, each exercise only works for a certain amount of time.

For example, the gratitude visit only makes people happier for about three months.

And of course, we can't become a lot happier.

Remember, we can't totally change our personalities.

You can't take a really unhappy, negative person and make him or her feel super happy all the time.

But I do believe that if we really want to, we can all learn ways to feel better, to feel the best that we can.

And you're going to find this out for yourselves.

For the next time, I'd like you to look into choosing your own happiness exercise.

Thank you.

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Contemporary Topics 1 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint”. As palavras que mais se repetem: happiness, happier, psychologists, characteristic, exercise. Este vídeo tem 74 frases e 820 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 7:13. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 114 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 88% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

Palavra	Pronúncia	Significado
happiness substantivo	/ˈhæpinɪs/	felicidade, alegria
psychologist substantivo	/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/	psicólogo, psicóloga
characteristic substantivo	/ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/	característica, caraterística
litter substantivo	/ˈlɪt.ɚ/	lixo
gratitude substantivo	/ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/	gratidão
belief substantivo	/bɪˈliːf/	crença
connect verbo	/kəˈnɛkt/	conectar
topic substantivo	/ˈtɑpɪk/	tópico, assunto
clothing substantivo	/ˈkloʊðɪŋ/	roupa, veste
establish verbo	/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/	firmar, instaurar
psychology substantivo	/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/	psicologia
requirement substantivo	/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/	exigência, requisito
gather verbo	/ˈɡæðɚ/	colher
depend verbo	/dɪˈpɛnd/	depender
significance substantivo	/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/	significância

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

Palavra	Significado
find out verbo	descobrir

Frases que vale a pena repetir

Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:

Can we learn to be happier?
Some psychologists think the answer is no, we can't.
We've all noticed this, right?
Remember, we can't totally change our personalities.

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

Estrutura	No vídeo
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora	have tried · have developed · has helped
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz	is not connected · is called

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 14 contrações e formas reduzidas, como can't, doesn't, we'll. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

Os sons de “th”: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/
Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, gratitude /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/, connect /kəˈnɛkt/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/
/h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/

Como praticar com este vídeo

Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como happiness, psychologist, characteristic.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →

Prática de Shadowing: Contemporary Topics 1 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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