跟读练习: Father unknown? Life as a sperm donor's child | DW Documentary - 通过视频学习英语口语
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129 句
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1
Hannah is a single mother by choice.
2
Her son was conceived through sperm donation.
3
I came to the conclusion that having a child was more important to me than having a life partner.
4
Leontina is also donor conceived and was shocked to find out just how many half siblings she has.
5
The hardest part being donor conceived is that people think that I should be lucky to just exist exist.
6
And Michael donated his sperm, a decision connecting him to dozens of children he may never know.
7
I would love to see them all.
8
I would love to see them, but I know it will not happen.
9
Three people, one consequential decision.
10
Sperm donation.
11
Hannah from Sweden is living her dream.
12
One year ago she became the mother of Adid.
13
She's always wanted to be a mum.
14
What's special about her?
15
She's done it on her own, without a partner.
16
Moments like this when he's sleeping or when he's running around and you can see the joy in his face, that's just pure love.
17
Your heart just swells when you see him.
18
So even if you love other people as well, it's not really comparable in a way.
19
For years, Henna had been looking for someone.
20
Then she decided to become a mother through sperm donation, partly funded by the state.
21
It worked out on the fifth attempt.
22
I came to the conclusion that having a child was more important to me than having a life partner.
23
Like, of course I want a life partner, but I see that as a bonus.
24
But having a child, I think that felt like really, really important.
25
Like a life without a child for me felt empty.
26
But building a family alone also means carrying the full weight of that choice.
27
Alongside the joy, there have been difficult moments.
28
When he was four months old, Arvid suddenly had to be taken to the hospital.
29
Moments like that, when something happens, then I think it's hard to be a single mom by choice, I guess
30
because you don't have anyone right there when it happens.
31
Even if I have a great support system, in the end you're always a bit alone.
32
Since 2016, single women like Hanna can legally become mothers in Sweden.
33
It was one of the first countries to implement the scheme.
34
By now, most other European states allow it.
35
But especially in Central and Eastern Europe, it still remains illegal, like in Austria, Czech Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia.
36
At this sperm bank in Sweden, couples and single mothers receive sperm donations.
37
Stored in liquid nitrogen, each sample is carefully preserved.
38
Lab head Ashling-Alström explains to us that only about 5-7% of men end up being approved donors.
39
Many have a good quality sperm, but they still have to get through all these testing and screening.
40
It's a good way of making sure that we're not just taking in any sample.
41
Potential donors are screened not only physically but also psychologically.
42
Sweden wants to make sure that they are donating responsibly and in a fully thought-out way.
43
Here, every donor might one day be contacted by their offspring as Sweden banned anonymous sperm donation in 1985.
44
It was thought donors would be more reluctant, but we haven't really been affected by the fact that they're non-anonymous.
45
Maybe it's a cultural contribution, they feel like they're doing this as altruism.
46
Many of them think it's something nice to do for the society and for people.
47
Leontina was conceived through sperm donation in the 90s.
48
knows what uncertainty about your heritage feels like.
49
At the time, single women were not allowed to access sperm donation in Sweden.
50
Her mother travelled to Denmark and used an anonymous donor there.
51
But for Leontine, he was always more than that.
52
I always called him my biological father or my biological dad or just dad.
53
It was important for For me to make my humour and not just a donation, it's my heritage and it's not a donation.
54
And also I wasn't a part of this agreement.
55
I never received a donation, my mom did.
56
As a child, Leontina didn't ask herself many questions.
57
But as she got older, she wanted to know more about her origins.
58
She turned to an online DNA database and made a discovery.
59
I always noticed I had siblings, but they were just like shadows.
60
I didn't know their faces or that they had any names or that they were human.
61
So it was shocking, but also fun.
62
It was fun to see them and that they exist.
63
It's a shift.
64
At first, she found seven half-siblings.
65
Then the list kept growing.
66
Today, she has identified 27 spread across Europe, more than the sperm bank ever disclosed.
67
And there may be more who haven't taken the test yet.
68
We share something very personal, but we're still strangers.
69
And they would pop up on this DNA site at any time and we don't have any control.
70
They probably don't know that they are only received then they will find out.
71
And it's not that fun to be part of that negative surprise.
72
Limiting the number of children per donor is now a heated debate across Europe.
73
As rules vary widely, eight countries led by Sweden are pushing for stricter limits, an initiative Germany has not joined.
74
It currently has no legal cap.
75
Critics warn stricter laws could make fertility treatment harder to access especially as birth rates fall across Europe.
76
Donors like Michael want to help.
77
We meet him in the Netherlands.
78
He decided to donate sperm after hearing from friends who were unable to have children.
79
Michael himself grew up with many siblings.
80
The main reason for me was that I saw how deeply touched people can be
81
when not being able to get a child of their own.
82
And I knew there were a lot of techniques, and maybe I could not help my friends, but I could help other people in similar situations.
83
For years, Michael donated regularly and openly, meaning any child could contact him later.
84
None did.
85
Eventually, he joined a DNA database and found out he's fathered 21 children.
86
I've met three of them from three different families.
87
And they're all very different from each other.
88
But very interesting because in every child you recognize also a part of yourself, of course.
89
You can see that it's a child of mine.
90
But the satisfaction from helping others faded as Michael learned about scandals in the sperm donation system,
91
including cases where children were never told that they were donor-conceived.
92
When I was asked would I do it all over again, I would do it in a different way.
93
I would say now to parents, you can have my semen and conceive a child under one condition,
94
that you tell your child that you be honest to it.
95
Michael supports a national and international donor register, giving people like him the chance to know what became of their donation.
96
Aisling Alström agrees that a unified European donor register is needed, as well as more regulation.
97
It becomes quite a large number when it's not regulated.
98
And as we've seen, is it okay to have 100 genetic siblings?
99
Or is it better to be regulated so that it's more of a number which you can maybe have a relationship with?
100
At this clinic, they try to avoid cases of so-called superdonors, some linked to dozens or even hundreds of offspring.
101
But safeguards can only go so far.
102
We try to control the donors
103
that are coming to our clinics in a contractual agreement where we are asking them not to donate anywhere else.
104
But many of these donors may go international or may go to another country and donate.
105
And that makes the numbers very hard to trace.
106
Leontina knows that not all men want contact with their donor-conceived children, just as not all donor-conceived children seek contact either.
107
But when they do wish to meet their biological father, that desire can often remain unfulfilled if his consent isn't given.
108
I think it's a human right to know where you came from and who you're related to, and decide if you want to know them or not.
109
And to know your medical history and things like that.
110
It's personal information and I think it belongs to everyone.
111
Avid was conceived in Sweden, where donations are identifiable by law.
112
When he turns 18 he can ask for his donor's identity.
113
But that doesn't mean the donor has to respond or ever meet him.
114
A child needs people in their life that they feel love them unconditionally and that they feel safe with.
115
But if that's one person or several persons, I think it's fine either way.
116
But of course, the more persons the better.
117
But it doesn't have to be a biological father.
118
Many parents do not want to conceal their child's origins.
119
Sperm donation is their only option.
120
And they stand by their decision.
121
He might be mad at me about it, that I denied him that part of his life, I guess.
122
But in the end, and I think what I'm going to say to him is
123
that if I hadn't chosen to do this, then there would be no you.
124
There might be another child, but it wouldn't be you.
125
So in the end, this is the life you got and we have to work with what we got.
126
And while sperm donation is increasing in many countries, Europe is still grappling with whose rights matter most.
127
Those of the parents, the donor or the child.
128
You will also get upset. Can you go down?
129
We should go to the car a little bit.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 129 个句子、1631 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 12:24。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 131 个词，很适合跟读。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| donor 名词 | /ˈdəʊnə/ | 捐贈者 /捐赠者 |
| donation 名词 | /doʊˈneɪʃən/ | 捐贈 /捐赠 |
| donate 动词 | /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ | 捐獻 /捐献, 捐贈 /捐赠 |
| sibling 名词 | /ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/ | 兄弟姐妹, 兄弟 |
| biological 形容词 | /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ | 生物 |
| anonymous 形容词 | /əˈnɒn.ə.məs/ | 無名 /无名, 匿名 |
| shock 名词 | /ʃɔk/ | 衝擊 /冲击 |
| conclusion 名词 | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | 結束 /结束 |
| heritage 名词 | /ˈhɛɹ.ɪ.tɪd͡ʒ/ | 遺產 /遗产 |
| database 名词 | /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ | 數據庫 /数据库 |
| clinic 名词 | /ˈklɪn.ɪk/ | 診所 /诊所, 醫院 /医院 |
| regulate 动词 | /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt/ | 調節 /调节 |
| offspring 名词 | /ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/ | 子孫 /子孙, 兒孫 /儿孙 |
| technique 名词 | /tɛkˈniːk/ | 技術 /技术, 技巧 |
| carefully 副词 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | 小心地 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| find out 动词 | 找出, 查明 | |
| end up 动词 | 到达 | |
| get through 动词 | /ɡɛt ˈθɹu/ | 度過 /度过 |
| go down 动词 | 下降, 下去 | |
| run around 动词 | 忙碌, 奔忙 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 23 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, they're, didn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: donation /doʊˈneɪʃən/, shock /ʃɔk/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, anonymous /əˈnɒn.ə.məs/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 donor, donation, donate 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | was conceived · be taken · being approved |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have been · haven't really been affected · has identified |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。