跟读练习: How To Make Authentic Banh Mì - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Banh mi is called the best sandwich in the world for a reason.
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We'll start off by making our bread.
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Banh mi actually translates to bread, and it's the only sandwich named after its bread, which should tell you how important the bread is here.
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I've started by combining yeast and sugar with some warm water, and once that yeast is activated, we'll add in our flour, lime juice, and salt, hook this up to our mixer with the dough hook attachment,
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and mix over medium speed for about 10 minutes until the dough pulls together like this.
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Now, grease a large bowl and shape your dough into a ball, then drop it in and cover it up with plastic wrap
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and let it rise for two hours at room temperature until it's doubled in size.
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Then very lightly flour our work surface before laying it down.
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Once again, shape it back up into a ball and then divide into four even pieces.
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If you wanna be really accurate, you should probably use a scale here.
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And then one ball at a time, shape them by rolling them around until they create tension and shape up nicely like this.
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To prepare them for baking, add a bit more flour, then flip each ball upside down and press it down into an oval about this size, then fold one side about two -thirds of the way up like this,
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fold the other side over that piece there, and then pinch hard all the way down to create a seam on the bottom.
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It's okay if this part here doesn't look pretty, because we're going to flip it over into our baguette tray for baking.
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Before covering them with plastic wrap, we'll give them one more light spray with oil, and after resting for one hour at room temperature, they'll now have doubled in size.
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Carefully remove that plastic wrap, and then, using a razor blade, create three small slits on the top of each loaf of bread, add a light misting of water.
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This is what gives the iconic thin, crisp banh mi crust.
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And don't forget, before you put this into the oven to bake, we need to create our own steam oven by adding some
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boiling water to a preheated cast iron pan that's sitting on the bottom rack of our oven.
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After eight minutes, we'll remove the steam and let them bake about five more minutes or until they look like this.
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Like I said, banh mi doesn't happen without great bread.
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If you listen carefully, it should sound almost hollow on the inside.
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and that crust should be shatteringly thin and crispy, almost like an eggshell.
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And I'm willing to sacrifice this one just so you can hear the crunch.
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Now that we've made our bread, we're going to make a Vietnamese liver pâté.
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Liver pâté in banh mi is a must.
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If you skip it, all you have is a pork sandwich.
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These are chicken livers, one of my absolute favorites.
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In fact, I have them at least once a week for breakfast.
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To clean the livers, we'll cover them with milk, then cover them up with plastic wrap and place them in the fridge for at least two hours.
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And after straining them, we'll move over to the stovetop and over medium heat, we'll add a bit of butter along with a few sliced shallots and a couple cloves of crushed garlic.
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Stir for just a couple minutes until softened and push them off to the side and add in the livers, spreading them around to try to leave space between them so they can hopefully get some kind of caramelization.
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When I cook them at home for breakfast, I almost cook them like a steak, where I try to get a really hard sear on either side.
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But here, we're just looking for a little color and caramelization.
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We don't want to overdo it.
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Once we've gotten that initial color, we can mix everything together
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and now the goal is to cook them most of the way through deglaze with shaoxing wine
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and scrape off all the flavor from the bottom of the pan then turn off the heat
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and bring in your blender add in the liver
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and onions along with some fish sauce sugar chinese five spice white pepper salt
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and softened butter
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and blend adding a few splashes of water as needed to
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bring it all together into a smooth paste i know this crazy looking liver puree may not look like something
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that should come from the number one rated sandwich in the world but if you look it up online, banh mi is rated by most experts as the number one sandwich.
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Once you've let it fully cool down, cover it up and place it in the fridge until you're ready to use it.
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We're going to make the pork in the most incredible way.
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I'm starting in a pot with some sugar over medium high because the first step is to make caramel.
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Once it reaches this beautiful color, we'll add in our pork, shallots, fish sauce, soy sauce, coconut water, and a few aromatics.
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And once this comes to a simmer, we'll turn down the heat and let this braise for one
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and a half hours or until the pork is nice and tender.
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I have a hard time looking at these without drooling at this stage, so I'm just going to let you look at them for a moment.
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Now we're going to use a few forks to shred everything apart.
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And yes, we're keeping all that pork skin in there because it's turned into this beautiful, gelatinous, sticky texture.
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Oh, this sandwich is going to be crazy.
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That's probably the best pork I've ever tasted.
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And with that, our pork is done, which means we can move over to the final step, pickling our radish and carrot.
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In Vietnam, this is called dough chua, and it's a mix of pickled carrot and daikon radish.
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They use the radish for a peppery, fresh crunch and the carrot for sweetness and color.
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As you can see both vegetables are also shredded into super thin strips.
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The next step is to add in some sugar and salt and start massaging it into the vegetables.
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Now put them in a jar and cover them with water
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and rice wine vinegar and place them in the fridge for at least a couple hours
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or until you're ready to use them.
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To build the sandwich we'll start with our homemade baguette
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and find a spot slightly above the center line
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that we will then cut most of the way but not all the way through.
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Now on the top half we'll add a generous spread of Vietnamese mayo.
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It's different than normal mayo in
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that it only uses egg yolks instead of whole eggs and rice wine vinegar for a little kick.
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And then on the bottom half, we'll add our chicken liver pate.
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On the pate, we'll add a few ribbons of cold cucumber for freshness and crunch.
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Then of course, as much of that caramelized pork as we can possibly fit.
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I can't stress enough how unbelievably good this is.
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Even if you don't make the whole recipe, I'd recommend making just the.. pork.
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Then the pickled daikon and carrot, which I'm going to squeeze and drain in a paper towel.
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Look how much liquid comes out of this.
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We don't want it ruining our sandwich.
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The acidity in those is going to be so good at balancing out the sweetness in that pork.
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Then some cilantro, only if you like it.
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If not, you could also use parsley.
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A few slices of bird's eye chili, if you're feeling bold.
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And last but not least, a few drippings from that pork mixture.
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This is absolutely the most excited I've ever been in my entire life to try a sandwich.
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i might cry oh it's so good it's so so good it's
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because it's the only sandwich in the world that's in perfect
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perfect balance you've got hot versus cold with the caramel pork
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and the pickled vegetables you've got rich versus sharp with the pate
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and the egg yolk mayonnaise you've got soft versus shattering with
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the bread developed versus fresh with the slow braised meat against the raw cilantro
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and chili you even have sweet versus salty and so much more it's a uniquely perfectly balanced sandwich, and I never understood the hype, but now I get it.
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That's my new favorite sandwich.
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It's so good.
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So, so good.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“How To Make Authentic Banh Mì”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：pork, sandwich, add, liver, bread。 这段视频共有 93 个句子、1442 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:01。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 240 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 只有 77% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| versus | /ˈvɝsəs/ | 對 /对 |
| wrap 动词 | /ɹæp/ | 包裝 /包装, 包 |
| bake 动词 | /beɪk/ | 烤, 烘 |
| dough 名词 | /doʊ/ | 麵團 /面团, 生麵糰 /生面团 |
| carrot 名词 | /ˈkæɹət/ | хуонлуәбу, 紅菜頭 /红菜头 |
| thin 形容词 | /ˈθɪn/ | бә, 薄 |
| liver 名词 | /ˈlɪvɚ/ | 肝, 肝臟 /肝脏 |
| oven 名词 | /ˈʌ.vn̩/ | 烤爐 /烤炉, 爐 /炉 |
| flour 名词 | /ˈflaʊ.ə/ | мян, 麵粉 /面粉 |
| vegetable 名词 | /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ | 蔬菜, 青菜 |
| carefully 副词 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | 小心地 |
| butter 名词 | /ˈbʌtɚ/ | 牛油, bá-tah |
| hook 名词 | /hʊk/ | 鉤 /钩, 鉤子 /钩子 |
| rat 名词 | /ɹæt/ | лочў, 鳥鼠 /鸟鼠 |
| fold 动词 | /ˈfəʊld/ | 摺 /折, 折疊 /折叠 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| cool down 动词 | /kuːl ˈdaʊn/ | 冷卻 /冷却 |
| turn down 动词 | 拒絕 /拒绝, 回絕 /回绝 | |
| turn off 动词 | 關 /关, 關掉 /关掉 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- We'll start off by making our bread.
- We don't want to overdo it.
- That's probably the best pork I've ever tasted.
- I can't stress enough how unbelievably good this is.
- We don't want it ruining our sandwich.
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | I've started · have doubled · we've made |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is called · is activated · is rated |
| 用 “should” 提建议 should + 动词 — 表示应该做的事 | should tell · should probably use · should sound |
| 最高级 the -est / the most … — 一组中最高或最低的 | the best · the most incredible · the most excited |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 45 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 we'll, we're, don't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: thin /ˈθɪn/, smooth /smuːð/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: sharp /ʃɑɹp/, tension /ˈtɛnʃən/, crush /kɹʌʃ/, massage /məˈsɑ(d)ʒ/, splash /splæʃ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: acidity /əˈsɪd.ɪ.ti/, aromatic /ˌɛɹ.əˈmæt.ɪk/, caramelize /ˈkaɹ(ə)məlʌɪz/, gelatinous /d͡ʒəˈlæt.ɪn.əs/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: versus /ˈvɝsəs/, liver /ˈlɪvɚ/, oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, wrap /ɹæp/, bake /beɪk/, carrot /ˈkæɹət/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, garlic /ˈɡɑɹlɪk/, caramel /ˈkæɹ.ə.mɛl/, cilantro /sɪˈlɑntɹoʊ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 versus, wrap, bake 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。