跟读练习: How Was Stonehenge Created? | Animated History - 通过视频学习英语口语

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15 句
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There are hundreds of myths and legends about the creation of Stonehenge, the most colourful of which involve the likes of giants, merlin and even aliens.
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Obviously, this is not the case.
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The truth is that Stonehenge is a masterpiece of human ingenuity.
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The first Stonehenge was a simple circular ditch dug with antler tools around 5 ,000 years ago.
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By around 2 ,500 BC, larger stones had been brought to the site, including giant sarsen stones from North Wiltshire,
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which could weigh as much as 30 tonnes.
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We're not entirely sure how the stones were transported, but it is thought that they were dragged on wooden rollers and loaded onto rafts where possible.
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Smaller bluestones were also brought to the site from Wales, a journey of over 250 kilometres.
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The stones were then worked into shape using hammerstones and erected using precisely interlocking joints, unseen at any other prehistoric monument.
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Ramps and counterweights were probably used to tip the upright stones into place and a platform and levers likely raised the lintels.
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To fit the upright stones with the horizontal lintels, mortise holes and protruding tenons were created.
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The lintels were slotted together using tongue and groove joints, usually only found in woodworking.
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Erecting these stones took as long as 50 years, and the entire development of the monument took even longer,
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up to 800 years in total our ingenious ancestors brought engineering to a monumental scale
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and in the process created the most iconic prehistoric structure in the world.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“How Was Stonehenge Created?”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：stones, lintels, Stonehenge, brought。 这段视频共有 15 个句子、243 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:36。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 152 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 70% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
monument 名词/ˈmɑnjʊmənt/紀念碑 /纪念碑
upright 形容词/ˈʌpɹaɪt/筆直 /笔直
legend 名词/ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənd/傳說 /传说
wooden 形容词/ˈwʊdn̩/木製 /木制
drag 动词/dɹæɡ/拖
iconic 形容词/aɪˈkɑnɪk/代表性的
myth 名词/mɪθ/迷思
weigh 动词/weɪ/稱重 /称重
circular 形容词/ˈsɜɹ.kjə.ləɹ/圓 /圆
ditch 名词/dɪt͡ʃ/水溝 /水沟, 溝渠 /沟渠
horizontal 形容词/ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/水平, 橫的 /横的
masterpiece 名词/ˈmæstɚˌpis/傑作 /杰作, 名作
lever 名词/ˈliː.və/槓桿 /杠杆
lintel 名词/ˈlɪn.təl/過梁, 橫楣子 /横楣子
prehistoric 形容词/ˌpɹiː.hɪsˈtoɹ.ɪk/史前的

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的had been brought · were transported · were also brought

需要注意的发音

  • 长单词——注意重音位置: horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/, prehistoric /ˌpɹiː.hɪsˈtoɹ.ɪk/, ingenuity /ˌɪnd͡ʒəˈn(j)uːəti/, kilometre /kɪˈlɑmɪtəɹ/, monumental /ˌmɑnjəˈmɛntəl/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

  • /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, groove /ɡɹuv/, lever /ˈliː.və/
  • 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: monument /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/, upright /ˈʌpɹaɪt/, erect /ɪˈɹɛkt/, legend /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənd/, drag /dɹæɡ/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: precisely /pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/, roller /ˈɹoʊlɚ/, circular /ˈsɜɹ.kjə.ləɹ/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/, interlock /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈlɒk/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 monument, upright, legend 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →