跟读练习: Luyện nghe tiếng anh_part 3 The dingo debate - 通过视频学习英语口语

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the dingo debate.
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Graziers see them as pests, and poisoning is common.
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But some biologists think Australia's dingoes are the best weapon in a war against imported cats and foxes.
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A plane flies a slow pattern over Carleton Hill Station, a 3 ,600 square kilometer ranch in the Kimberley region in northwest Australia.
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As the plane circles, those aboard drop a thousand small pieces of meat one by one, onto the scrubland below.
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each piece laced with poison.
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This practice is known as baiting.
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Besides 50 ,000 head of cattle, Carlton Hill is home to the dingo.
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Australia's largest mammalian predator, and the bane of a grazier's—cattle farmer's life.
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Stuart McKechnie, manager of Carleton Hill, complains that graziers' livelihoods are threatened when dingoes prey on cattle.
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But one man wants the baiting to end and for dingoes to once again roam Australia's wide open spaces.
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According to Chris Johnson of James Cook University, Australia needs more dingoes to protect our biodiversity.
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About 4 ,000 years ago, Asian sailors introduced dingoes to Australia.
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Throughout the ensuing millennia, these descendants of the wolf spread across the continent,
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and as the Tasmanian tiger disappeared completely from Australia, dingoes became Australia's top predators.
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As agricultural development took place, the European settlers found that they could not safely keep their livestock where dingoes roamed.
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So began one of the most sustained efforts at pest control in Australia's history.
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Over the last 150 years, dingoes have been shot and poisoned, and fences have been used in an attempt to keep them away from livestock.
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But at the same time, as the European settlers tried to eliminate one native pest from Australia, they introduced more of their own.
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In 1860, the rabbit was unleashed on Australia by a wealthy landowner.
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And by 1980, rabbits had covered most of the mainland,
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Rabbits provide huge prey base for two other introduced species: the feral or wild cat and the red fox.
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The interaction between foxes, cats, and rabbits is a huge problem for native mammals.
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In good years, rabbit numbers increase dramatically, and fox and cat populations grow quickly in response to the abundance of this prey.
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When bad seasons follow, rabbit numbers are significantly reduced,
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and the dwindling but still large fox and cat populations are left with little to eat besides native mammals.
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Australian mammals generally reproduce much more slowly than rabbits,
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cats, and foxes, an adaption to prevent overpopulation in the arid environment, where food can be scarce and unreliable.
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And populations decline because they can't grow fast enough to replace animals killed by the predators.
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Johnson says dingoes are the solution to this problem because they keep cat and fox populations under control.
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Besides regularly eating the smaller predators, dingoes will kill them simply to lessen competition.
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Dingo packs live in large, stable territories, and generally have only one fertile, which limits their rate of increase.
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In the 4 ,000 years that dingoes have been Australia, they have contributed to few, if any, extinctions, Johnson says.
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Reaching out from a desolate spot where three states meet, for 2 ,500 kilometers in either direction,
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is the world's longest fence, two meters high and stretching from the coast in Queensland to the Great Australian Bight in South Australia.
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It is there to keep dingoes out.
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The fence separates the main types of livestock found in Australia.
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To the northwest of the fence, cattle predominate.
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To the southwest, sheep fill the landscape.
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In fact, Australia is a land dominated by these animals: 25 million cattle,
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100 million sheep, and just over 20 million people.
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While there is no argument that dingoes will prey on sheep if given the chance, they don't hunt cattle once the calves are much past two or three weeks old,
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according to Makichi.
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And a study in Queensland suggests that dingoes don't even prey heavily on the newborn calves,
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unless their staple prey disappears due to deteriorating conditions like drought.
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This study, co -authored by Lee Allen of the Robert Wicks Research Center in Queensland,
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suggests that the aggressive baiting programs used against dingoes may actually be counterproductive for graziers.
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When dingoes are removed from an area by baiting, the area is recolonized by younger, more solitary dingoes.
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These animals aren't capable of going after the large prey like kangaroos, so they turn to calves.
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In their study, some of the highest rates of calf predation occurred in areas that had been baited.
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Mark Clifford, general manager of a firm that manages over 200 ,000 head of cattle, is not convinced by Allen's assertion.
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Clifford says, "It's obvious if we drop or loosen control on dingoes,
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we are going to lose more calves." He doesn't believe that dingoes will go after kangaroos when calves are around.
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Nor is he persuaded of dingoes' supposed ecological benefits, saying he is not convinced that they manage to catch cats that often,
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believing they are more likely to catch small native animals instead.
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McKechnie agrees that dingoes kill the wallabies, small native animals, that compete with his cattle for food.
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but points out that in parts of Western Australia, there are no fixes, and not very many cats.
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He doesn't see how relaxing controls on dingoes in his area will improve the ecological balance.
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Johnson sees a need for a change in philosophy on the part of Graziers.
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There might be a number of different ways of thinking through dingo management in cattle country, he says.
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At the moment, though, that hasn't got through to graziers.
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they're still just on one prescription, and that is to bait as widely as possible.

关于本课

在这节课中，学习者将会深入探讨澳大利亚的驴犬（dingo）辩论，了解驴犬在生态系统中的角色以及其对牧场养殖的影响。通过聆听视频内容，学习者将提升他们的听力和口语能力，并更好地掌握与生态、动物保护相关的英语表达。此课程特别适合正在进行雅思口语练习的学员，利用看YouTube学英语来提升语言水平。

关键词汇与短语

  • 驴犬 (Dingo) - 澳大利亚的一种野生犬类，生态系统的顶级掠食者。
  • 害虫 (Pest) - 指对农业或生活造成危害的动物。
  • 生态平衡 (Ecological Balance) - 不同生物种群之间的相互关系。
  • 诱饵 (Bait) - 用于捕猎或控制野生动物的食物。
  • 猎捕 (Prey) - 被捕杀的动物。
  • 保护生物多样性 (Protect Biodiversity) - 维护生态系统中物种的多样性。
  • 基础食物链 (Staple Prey) - 动物在食物链中主要依靠的猎物。
  • 适应 (Adaptation) - 生物对环境变化的调整。

练习建议

在进行英语影子跟读时，请注意视频的速度和语气。驴犬辩论的话题涉及较专业的词汇，因此可以选择逐句影跟。开始时，可以先慢速重复视频中的关键词汇和短语，帮助自己熟悉发音与语调。建议按照以下步骤进行练习：

  1. 在观看时，先完整聆听一次整个视频，熟悉内容及节奏。
  2. 使用英语影子跟读的技巧，在播放时暂停并模仿讲话者的语调，尤其注意情感表达。
  3. 重放视频中与“害虫控制”和“生态平衡”相关的段落，深度理解并重复练习，帮助提升雅思口语练习的表现。
  4. 可以借助双语字幕，进行文本对照练习，逐步提高英语阅读与理解能力。

通过这样的练习方法，不仅可以提升英语听力，还能在实际交流中更自信地表达自己，利用shadowspeaks进一步丰富自己的语言能力。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。