跟读练习: READING EXPLORER 1 UNIT 1B MASTER OF DISGUISE - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Unit 1.

Be Master of Disguise.

A. Octopuses are famous for their round bodies, big eyes and eight arms.

There are many different types of octopuses but all are alike in one way.

They are masters of disguise.

Octopuses can change their appearance in less than a second to look like rocks, plants or even other animals.

How do they do this?

B. An octopus can disguise itself in three ways.

One is by using colour.

An octopus's skin has special cells called chromatophores.

These cells are filled with yellow, brown and red pigment.

When an octopus moves its muscles a certain way, the cells become large and produce colourful spots and other patterns on its skin.

Chromatophores can also reflect light.

In blue light, for example, an octopus's skin will look blue.

In white light, its skin will look white.

With these cells, an octopus can produce many different skin colours and patterns.

See, an octopus can also change its skin texture.

When the octopus moves its muscles, its skin can go from smooth to spiky.

It might then look like a plant or coral.

Another way an octopus disguises itself is by changing its shape.

Some, for example, roll their bodies into balls so they look like rocks.

One type of octopus can change its form to look like other sea creatures, especially dangerous ones such as sea snakes.

D. Why are octopuses so good at disguising themselves?

They have to be.

The ocean is not a safe place for them because they have no bones in their bodies.

Octopuses are like large pieces of meat.

Many predators want to eat them and they can eat them whole.

To survive, octopuses have developed the amazing ability to change their appearance very quickly in order to hide from predators.

All muscle, no bones.

An octopus's body has many muscles.

This makes it strong and fast.

Octopuses also have no bones, so they can change their shape very quickly.

An octopus brain holds only one-third of the animal's neurons, nerve cells.

It handles functions such as decision-making, learning and memory.

An octopus has three hearts, one large central heart and two smaller ones on either side.

About two-thirds of an octopus's neurons are in its arms.

These neurons control the arm movements.

Octopuses can change their appearance to match their surroundings things.

Once the brain gives a signal, the octopus's muscles move in a certain way,

changing its skin from smooth to spiky and producing colourful spots or stripes on its

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