跟读练习: Rock Candy! - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Have you ever wanted to make your own rock candy?
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Well, today I am going to teach you how with my rock candy science experiment.
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Hi everyone, I'm Emily Calandrelli, MIT engineer and host of Emily's Flunder Lab.
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And on my channel, we learn about all things space and science.
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So grab your sugar and get ready for some sweet science.
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Today I'm going to teach
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you how to make colorful rock candy sticks using science here's
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what you need rock candy sticks one cup of water three
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cups of white granulated sugar plus a little extra to sprinkle
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on your rock candy sticks a few different glasses some clothes pins
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and some food coloring the first thing
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you want to do is you want to get the bottom third of your rock candy sticks wet
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you can do this by running it under water in the sink
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i'm just going to do it like this here
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and then after you do
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that for a few seconds lay them out on a plate just like that
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and we are going to sprinkle some sugar on top of them
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you just want to completely coat your rock candy sticks get
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as much sugar on there as possible might be a little overkill
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but that's okay just go ahead
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and roll it around in the sugar set your rock candy
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sticks aside to dry for at least an hour ideally overnight once your candy sticks are completely dry
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you are ready to make your saturated solution of sugar here's how you do
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that add one cup of water to a pot
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and then add three cups of white granulated sugar one stir
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that in so that it dissolves
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and as we heat this up this will dissolve even better there's two stir
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that in what we are doing here is we are saturating the solution meaning
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we're adding as much sugar as humanly possible to this water at this temperature
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it will not be able to even
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if it wanted to dissolve more sugar stir
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that in now put your heat on high what we want to do is bring our solution to a boil
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and allow it to boil for two minutes.
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Now that your solution is boiling, give it a good mix.
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Make sure all of that sugar has dissolved.
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And after that two minute timer is up, go ahead and turn your soap top off.
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And we're going to let this cool for about 15 minutes before we transfer it to our glasses.
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As your solution cools, we can prepare our glasses with our rot candy sticks.
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So go ahead and we want it to look like this.
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We want it to be suspended in the glass not touching the bottom
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and not touching the sides and clothespins work really well for this.
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For bigger glasses I'll show you how to do it.
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So we have a rock candy stick that has dried overnight.
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One clothespin here I'm going to measure make sure it's not touching the bottom there.
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I'm going to do one of these and then a second one right here and place it right in the center there.
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So now that they are all prepared
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and they're not touching the bottom they're not touching the sides go ahead
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and take them out
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because we are going to put our sugar solution in the glasses one thing
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you can do to prepare your glasses for the still pretty
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hot solution is to run them under hot water to make sure
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that you're not going to break your glasses by pouring in the hot sugar solution
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because we were measuring our rock candy sticks in here just clean them out make sure
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there's no more sugar inside your glasses and just like
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that you are ready to pour in your saturated sugar solution
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so very carefully
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because it'll still be a little hot pour it into as many glasses as you like careful with the glasses
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because they will be hot
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and depending on the size of your glasses you may have more glasses
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you may have less now for the fun part we are going to make this colorful I'm going to use purple,
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stir it with a spoon.
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Oh, beautiful.
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Look at that.
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Stir it up. And then finally, blue.
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Now we are ready to put in our rock candy sticks into the solution
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and I recommend putting the glasses where you're going to leave them for the next seven days
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because we ideally you would leave these sitting letting them crystallize for a week.
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The science experiment takes patience but the end result.
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It's pretty amazing.
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So go ahead, once they're there where you want them, carefully, slowly place your rock candy stick in the solution.
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You want to cover up as much of the stick as possible.
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I have found that long skinny glasses work really well for this because you're not using as much solution, but you're covering that entire rock stick.
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Our beautiful blue one.
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So now we just wait.
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And what's going to happen as we wait over the next few days?
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Well, crystals are going to start building on your rock candy sticks because the solution is going to cool.
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Why does that matter?
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Well, hot sugar solution can hold more sugar than cold sugar solution.
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And as the solution cools, that sugar is going to want to jump out of the solution to undissolve from the solution.
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That's why we covered our rock candy sticks with sugar, because that sugar that wants to undissolve, it wants to hold on to something.
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And that little something was our seed crystals on our rot candy sticks.
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So day by day, you will see more crystals building on your sticks.
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And after the first day, they're a little bit small, but be patient because they get bigger and bigger and bigger.
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And at the end of a week, you'll have a very beautiful rot candy crystal.
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These were some rot candy crystals I prepared ahead of time.
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And after a few days of waiting, it'll look like this.
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You'll notice some crystals growing on your rock candy stick,
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but you'll also notice some sugar crystals on the bottom of the glass and right on the surface.
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So to get your rock candy out, you want to take your clothespin
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and just kind of break the surface of the sugar just like
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that because we just want to be able to pull our stick out easily.
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once you've done that wiggle your candy stick around
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and take it out and you'll notice it's still dripping
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that sugar liquid there get your clothespin bring it to another glass
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and let it drip for just like 10 minutes that's all you need
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and then once
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that happens you'll be able to have a delicious rock candy crystal this one has been waiting in
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that solution for about three days
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so you can tell it's not very big that's why patience is key with this experiment
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this one has only been in there for about two days so it's quite small and a word to the wise
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use rot candy sticks instead of skewers we use skewers here and you'll notice some variability
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because they have a hard time holding on to the sugar
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when we coated our sticks with sugar at the start for our seed crystals.
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Some of them stayed on.
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Some of them fell off.
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Rot candy sticks are much better at this.
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So when you're shopping, get rot candy sticks.
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Our sugar solution became super saturated as it cooled down and created all of these beautiful crystals.
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This one was waiting for two days.
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This one was three days.
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These were all four days.
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And this big guy was eight days.
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You can see it mostly collected at the top here
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because again we used a skewer and all of those seed crystals fell off of the bottom.
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So none of the crystals grew down here, but they very much grew up there, creating quite the unique crystal.
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Very cool.
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These sugar crystals have these beautiful geometric shapes because crystals occur when atoms arrange themselves in highly organized repeating patterns,
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creating these beautiful geometric shapes thank you for making rock candy with me today
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if you like this one be sure to check out my best -selling stay curious
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and keep exploring book series for 99 more science experiments i'm emily calendrelli subscribe for all things science
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and space and remember stay curious and keep exploring i'll see you next time
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本课的词汇与口语要点
视频中反复出现的词有：candy, sugar, stick, solution, rock。 这段视频共有 121 个句子、1436 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:52。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 162 个词，接近日常对话。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| candy 名词 | /ˈkæn.di/ | 糖果, 糖 |
| crystal 名词 | /ˈkɹɪstəl/ | 結晶 /结晶 |
| stir 动词 | /stɝ/ | 攪拌 /搅拌, 攪 /搅 |
| experiment 名词 | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | 實驗 /实验 |
| pour 动词 | /poɹ/ | 倒 |
| boil 动词 | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | 煮沸, 煮 |
| saturated 形容词 | 飽和 /饱和 | |
| carefully 副词 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | 小心地 |
| curious 形容词 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇, 有好奇心 |
| coat 名词 | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | 外衣, 大衣 |
| explore 动词 | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | 探索, 探險 /探险 |
| patience 名词 | /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/ | 耐性, 忍耐 |
| overnight 副词 | /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/ | 通宵 |
| colorful 形容词 | /ˈkʌl.əɹ.fl̩/ | 豔 /艳 |
| drip 动词 | /ˈdɹɪp/ | 滴, 滴下 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| go ahead 动词 | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | 請便 /请便 |
| check out 动词 | 退房 | |
| cool down 动词 | /kuːl ˈdaʊn/ | 冷卻 /冷却 |
| cover up 动词 | 掩蓋 /掩盖, 掩飾 /掩饰 | |
| grow up 动词 | 長大 /长大 | |
| stick out 动词 | 突出, 凸出 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | Have you ever wanted · has dissolved · has dried |
| 用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 动词 — 有可能但不确定的事 | might be · may have |
| 过去进行时 was/were + -ing — 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 | were measuring · was waiting |
| 动词 + -ing enjoy、keep、stop… + -ing — 后接 -ing 形式的动词 | keep exploring |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 29 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, you'll, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: patience /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, ideally /aɪˈdi.ə.li/, geometric /ˌd͡ʒiː.əʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/, variability /ˌvæɹ.i.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/, dissolve /dɪˈzɑlv/, overkill /ˈoʊ.vɚˌkɪl/, variability /ˌvæɹ.i.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, coat /ˈkoʊ̯t/, patience /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/, overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: crystal /ˈkɹɪstəl/, carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, colorful /ˈkʌl.əɹ.fl̩/, granulate /ˈɡɹæn.jul.eɪt/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 candy, crystal, stir 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。