跟读练习: Why do we celebrate Labor Day on the first Monday in September? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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16 句
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Why do we celebrate Labor Day on the first Monday every September?
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While most people think of Labor Day as the unofficial end of summer, it is actually a celebration of workers.
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Its origins reflect how far workers' rights have come in this country.
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At the height of the Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century, the average American worked 12-hour days, seven days a week.
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And even though it was illegal in some states, children as young as five did backbreaking labor in factories, mines and mills across the country.
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Around the same time, labor unions started to pop up demanding better treatment for workers.
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Strikes and rallies broke out, sometimes turning violent.
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But some were peaceful, including a march on September 5th, 1882 in New York City that is considered the first Labor Day parade in U.S history.
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Soon the holiday caught on in other industrial hubs around the country.
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It took another 12 years for Labor Day to become a national holiday.
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In 1894, employees of the Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago went on strike.
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That ended up crippling railroad traffic nationwide.
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The federal government sent troops to break up the strike, resulting in more than a dozen workers being killed.
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In an attempt to settle the unrest, Congress made Labor Day a national holiday.
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Now, American workers get a long weekend at the end of summer for a little rest and relaxation.
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With The Y, I'm Cheryl Mercedes.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“Why do we celebrate Labor Day on the first Monday in September?”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：labor, workers, strike, holiday。 这段视频共有 16 个句子、241 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:30。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 161 个词，接近日常对话。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 11 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| worker 名词 | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | 工人, 工作者 |
| violent 形容词 | /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/ | 暴力, 強烈 /强烈 |
| reflect 动词 | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | 反映, 反射 |
| mill 名词 | /mɪl/ | 磨坊, 磨機 /磨机 |
| rally 名词 | /ˈɹæli/ | 集會 /集会, 大會 /大会 |
| celebration 名词 | /ˌsɛl.ɪˈbɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 慶典 /庆典 |
| parade 名词 | /pəˈrɑd/ | 遊行 /游行, 巡遊 /巡游 |
| hub 名词 | /hʌb/ | 轂 /毂, 輪轂 /轮毂 |
| relaxation 名词 | /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/ | 鬆弛 /松弛 |
| unofficial 形容词 | /ʌn.əˈfɪʃ.əl/ | 非官方 |
| unrest 名词 | /ʌnˈɹɛst/ | 動亂 /动乱, 動蕩 /动荡 or 動盪 /动荡 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| break out 动词 | 逃出 |
| end up 动词 | 到达 |
| pop up 动词 | 弹出 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is considered · being killed |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have come |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: celebration /ˌsɛl.ɪˈbɹeɪ.ʃən/, nationwide /ˌneɪ.ʃənˈwaɪd/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/, unofficial /ʌn.əˈfɪʃ.əl/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: celebration /ˌsɛl.ɪˈbɹeɪ.ʃən/, unofficial /ʌn.əˈfɪʃ.əl/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: violent /ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, railroad /ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/, parade /pəˈrɑd/, hub /hʌb/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, rally /ˈɹæli/, railroad /ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/, celebration /ˌsɛl.ɪˈbɹeɪ.ʃən/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/
- /æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: rally /ˈɹæli/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 worker, violent, reflect 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。