跟读练习: Word Stress: Sentence Position -- American English Pronunciation - 通过视频学习英语口语
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38 句
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Today I'm going to go over something I find quite interesting about American English,
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and that is how different the same word can sound depending on where it falls in a sentence.
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I've been noticing recently some of my students from certain countries have the tendency to accent the last word in the sentence.
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And in general, American English goes down in pitch throughout a sentence.
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So actually, the words at the end of a sentence should be lower in pitch,
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lower in volume, more unstressed than the same word would be if it came earlier in the sentence.
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Let's take, for example, the word home in the sentences, I'll be home by three.
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Last night I drove the car home.
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Let's hear the word home in the first sentence, I'll be home by three, repeat it on a loop a few times to get it into our ear.
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I'll be home by three.
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Home, home, home, home.
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And now in the second sentence, last night I drove the car home.
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Last night I drove the car home.
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Home, home, home, home.
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And now let's compare, switching back and forth.
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Home, home, home, home, home, home, home, home, home.
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Clearly they are at two different pitches, two different volumes.
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Here I'm using the software program Pratt to view both sentences and the loops of the word home.
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The first sentence, I'll be home by three.
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And the loop for the word home in
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that sentence, home, home, home you can see that the volume is greater compared to the word home in the second sentence.
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And down here we see the pitch.
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Both of these sentences have the downward trend, the second one ending with this little dot down here,
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as most statements in English do.
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The word home in the first sentence is here, quite high in pitch, the word home in the second sentence, here, quite low in pitch.
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This section up here is the M, sort of just a grumble in the voice.
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It sort of stops sounding like speech at this point, doesn't it?
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It's so low in pitch, so low in volume, so far down in the throat.
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Yet when you hear it in the context of the sentence, Last night I drove the car home.
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You do identify it as the word home.
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Let's listen one more time to the loop where we alternate the word home from the two sentences.
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Home, home, home, home, home, home, home.
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So keep this in mind when you're speaking, when you're practicing reading out loud.
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Make sure you're not stressing the last word of a sentence by bringing it up in pitch or making it louder.
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Because in English, it's actually the opposite.
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The words at the end of the sentence will be lower in pitch and also softer.
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The final word in the sentence can sometimes be very low and very soft.
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That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 38 个句子、496 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:03。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 163 个词，接近日常对话。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| loop 名词 | /luːp/ | 圈, 環 /环 |
| compare 动词 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比较 |
| throat 名词 | /ˈθɹoʊt/ | 嗓子, 喉嚨 /喉咙 |
| depend 动词 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信赖 |
| accent 名词 | /ækˈsɛnt/ | 重音, 腔調 /腔调 |
| tendency 名词 | /ˈtɛn.dən.si/ | 趨勢 /趋势, 傾向 /倾向 |
| unstressed 形容词 | /ʌnˈstɹɛst/ | 非重讀的 /非重读的 |
| sentence 名词 | /ˈsɛn.təns/ | 判刑, 判決 /判决 |
| soft 形容词 | /sɔft/ | 軟 /软 |
| loud 形容词 | /ˈlaʊ̯d/ | 大聲的 /大声的 |
| context 名词 | /ˈkɑn.tɛkst/ | 場合 /场合, 情況 /情况 |
| opposite 形容词 | /ˈɑ.pə.sɪt/ | 對面的 /对面的 |
| switch 名词 | /swɪt͡ʃ/ | 開關 /开关, 電門 /电门 |
| identify 动词 | /aɪˈdɛn.(t)ə.faɪ/ | 辨認 /辨认, 識別 /识别 |
| trend 名词 | /tɹɛnd/ | 趨勢 /趋势 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 11 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'll, you're, I'm。请按听到的简短形式来说。
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 loop, compare, throat 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。