تدريب Shadowing: 3-D Brain Scans | Pathways 2 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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Music Trying to introduce the study of the brain to a bunch of students,

I said if understanding everything you needed to know about the brain is a mile,

I asked the students how far had we walked in this mile.

I got answers, three quarters of a mile, half a mile, someone said a quarter of a mile, and I said I think about three inches.

This is unconventional science.

There's just this huge gap in our knowledge about how brains work,

largely because we have no idea what they actually are made up of at the finest level.

When it comes to the nervous system, there are a large number of diseases where the only

The only real sign that there's something wrong is the outward manifestation of the disease.

The person is acting crazy or they don't seem to learn very well or their movements are disordered in some way.

But if you look at their brain, most of the techniques we have, there's nothing to see.

You've got to see the wires.

What we're trying to understand is how cells in the brain communicate with each other.

Every little object in here is a little wire.

To keep track of these cells from one section to another, what you'd like to do is kind of color them in.

So every one of these colors have no meaning other than to keep track of each object from section to section.

What this allows us to do is to generate a wiring diagram based on this.

We now know everything about these wires here and from

that we can generate all the connections of every cell in that area.

Information forces you into this uncomfortable position where you have to kind of say,

okay I don't get it but I know that the real world is more complicated than the way I'm thinking about it.

I feel it's a very long road and we've just started.

That's my view.

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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

This speaking lesson is built on the video “3-D Brain Scans”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: mile, brain, wire, cell, section. This video has 23 sentences and 331 words to shadow. The speech runs for 2:23. The speaker talks at a steady 139 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 87% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is easy to follow.

Key vocabulary in this video

12 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:

Word	Pronunciation	Meaning
wire noun	/ˈwaɪɚ/	Metal formed into a thin, even thread, now usually by being drawn through a hole in a steel die.
generate verb	/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/	To bring into being; give rise to.
complicated adjective	/ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/	Difficult or convoluted.
technique noun	/tɛkˈniːk/	The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
introduce verb	/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/	To cause (someone) to be acquainted (with someone else).
disorder noun	/dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/	Absence of order; state of not being arranged in an orderly manner.
communicate verb	/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/	To impart or transmit (information or knowledge) to someone; to make known, to tell.
uncomfortable adjective	/ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/	Not comfortable; causing discomfort.
diagram noun	/ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/	A plan, drawing, sketch or outline to show the function or operation of something, or to show the relationships between the parts of a whole.
outward adjective	/ˈaʊt.wɚd/	Outer; located towards the outside.
manifestation noun	/ˌmænɪfɛˈsteɪʃən/	The act or process of becoming manifest.
unconventional adjective		Not adhering to custom, convention, or accepted standards.

Pronunciation to watch

The speaker uses 7 contractions and reduced forms, such as don't, I'm, we're. Say them the short way, as you hear them.

Long words — get the stress right: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, manifestation /ˌmænɪfɛˈsteɪʃən/

How to practise with this video

Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like wire, generate, complicated.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →

تدريب Shadowing: 3-D Brain Scans | Pathways 2 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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تنزيل التطبيق

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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

Key vocabulary in this video

Pronunciation to watch

How to practise with this video

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟