تدريب Shadowing: Nishad Sanzagiri | Technology Empires Debate | Proposition (1/6) - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
اختر وضع التدريب
كل وضع يفتح غرفة تدريب بملء الشاشة.
132 جمل
إذا كانت الجمل قصيرة أو طويلة جدًا، انقر على Edit لتعديلها.
1
We will now move to the motion before the House tonight,
2
which is, this House believes that tech empires threaten society.
3
I now look to the first speaker, the Director of Press, Nishad Sansegiri, St. Anthony's College, to open the case for the proposition.
4
Thank you, Madam President.
5
I'm humbled to be standing before you in this August chamber and honored to open the case for the proposition
6
on such an important and topical issue.
7
In the past couple of decades, the proliferation of Internet technologies has drastically altered every facet of life.
8
It has completely transformed how we communicate with each other, what we purchase and buy, and how we gather information.
9
This has been brought about by a few companies who embraced the early potential of readily available internet
10
and converted it into helpful insight and, well, lots of wealth.
11
No one on this side of the motion is aiming to claim that these companies, companies like Google, like Amazon,
12
Facebook, Microsoft, are inherently and completely evil.
13
But the fact is that as the years have gone by, these companies have become large, and so has their influence and power.
14
As the early Internet pioneer and MIT researcher Ethan Zuckerman recently wrote, it's obvious now that what we did was a fiasco.
15
So let me remind you that what we wanted to do was something brave and noble.
16
Ladies and gentlemen, the time has come for us to call the world's tech empires to account.
17
In the span of just a decade, firms such as Facebook, Google, and Amazon have risen to be the biggest companies on the planet
18
and have amassed a wealth of power that threatens us all.
19
They distort our democratic processes, they stockpile our data, and exercise undue sway over our markets.
20
It's no surprise that we are then in the midst of a backlash, or to use the more fashionable term, tech-lash, against these technology giants.
21
Today, I have three main arguments in support of the motion that I would like to explore for you.
22
First, that these tech empires are ludicrously big and growing exponentially.
23
Second, that they are anti-competitive and have created an oligopoly.
24
And finally, that they are damaging to a democracy.
25
I hope that you will take these points to heart
26
when you walk down that historic door at the end of this debate and cast your vote.
27
But before I go ahead and convince you that the rise of these tech empires threatens our society,
28
it falls on me to introduce the opposition speakers for tonight's debate.
29
Speaking first is Cecilia Zao, a first-year geographer at St. Catharines College.
30
Now, I hear that Cecilia is a boxer, and although I do know that this was the very chamber that Town vs. Gown took place last week,
31
I do hope that if she loses this motion tonight, she won't try to settle the score in that other way.
32
Our second speaker is Matt Warman, MP, who was the former technology editor of The Telegraph
33
and currently serves as a conservative party politician and co-chair of the all-party parliamentary group on broadband and digital communication.
34
I hope that he will join us in agreeing with the leader of his own party, who mentioned last week at Davos
35
that tech companies need to seriously tackle how their technology can be used by those who wish to do us harm.
36
And finally, closing the motion for the opposition is Catherine Parsons, co-founder and co-CEO of Decoded, a startup which runs courses in programming.
37
Now, given that Ms. Parsons has already been in the news for imposing a company-wide email ban, stating that replying to emails took too much time out of a day,
38
I'm happy to report that when the union got in touch with her with the invitation to speak at this debate, she did respond to us rather promptly.
39
Jokes aside, I look forward to what I know will be a rigorous and challenging debate.
40
Madam President, these are your guests, and they're most welcome.
41
The fact that with a combined market value of $3 trillion, four of the five most valuable publicly traded firms in the world,
42
our technology companies ought to give us cause for concern.
43
In the final quarter of 2017, the five biggest technology firms, or the frightful five as the New York Times likes to call them,
44
which includes Google's parent Alphabet and companies like Amazon,
45
Apple, Facebook, and Microsoft, have had their combined quarterly revenues at 143 billion US dollars, which is greater than the GDP of most countries.
46
I mean, just take the data compiled by NGO Global Justice Now,
47
which highlights that Apple's revenues in 2015 were greater than those of countries like Saudi Arabia and Russia.
48
And these massive revenues are then turned into huge profits.
49
In fact, all the statistics associated with these tech companies are humongous.
50
Well, except for the tax records.
51
Now, these tech firms invest hardly anything in the actual creation of content, which is usually always user-generated, which helps their ludicrous profit margins.
52
Today, Google's profit margin is nearly twice as much as that of CBS, a traditional content creator.
53
Even Goldman Sachs has found itself in the rather awkward position
54
of being baffled by the astonishing profit margins these monopolies have reaped in recent years.
55
A 2016 Goldman Sachs report says, and I quote, we are always very for guiding for mean reversion,
56
but if we are wrong and high margins manage to endure for the next few years, particularly when global demand growth is below trend,
57
there are wider questions to be asked about the efficacy of capitalism.
58
Ladies and gentlemen, you know there's something seriously threatening about the rise these tech firms
59
when they scare Goldman Sachs against the idea of capitalism.
60
And then the stockpile of digital data that these empires hold is obvious.
61
I mean, Facebook not only owns the largest pool of personal data in the world, but it also has access to a social graph
62
that shows it how all of its two billion monthly active users are connected to each other.
63
Every time any of us consents to Facebook's data terms and conditions, we we give them permission to control our profile.
64
It becomes their property.
65
Every time, and the same data is either sold off in bulk to companies who are happy to pay for it,
66
or used to undercut rivals and strengthen the hold of these rising empires.
67
And this brings me to my second point, which is that these companies partake in anti-competitive behavior.
68
Ladies and gentlemen, Google has an 88% market share in online searches and search advertising,
69
while its Android mobile operating system enjoys an 80% global market share within its category.
70
In some sense, not since the era of Rockefeller Standard Oil has a company dominated a market to the extent
71
that Google does.
72
And that's not all.
73
Facebook has a 77% market share in mobile social media, and Amazon controls 74% of e-book sales, and will soon become the biggest clothing retailer in the United States.
74
This has created what The Economist calls the winner-takes-all economy of the technology age.
75
compared to any other industry in the world.
76
Well, I'll get to that in the rest of my speech.
77
And that's the next point.
78
So both Google and Facebook, for example, use their dominance in the market to squeeze monopoly ransoms from advertisers, which are always usually higher than market price.
79
Similarly, following Amazon's acquisition of Whole Foods, it has become both a retailer and a marketplace.
80
This highlights how a firm as big as Amazon can overshadow brick-and-mortar retail competition through extremely competitive prices,
81
only to then acquire the physical presence of its rivals as soon as the competitor's business becomes unwiable.
82
In similar vein, all these tech employers have used insights from the data they have amassed to uncover emerging rivals
83
and buy them off.
84
For example, Facebook's acquisition of Instagram in 2012 and WhatsApp in 2014, and Microsoft's acquisition of LinkedIn in 2016.
85
And when Snapchat rejected Facebook's offer in 2013, well, the rest is history.
86
I'm sure each one of us here knows about Instagram's story feature, which had cloned off Snapchat, leading the latter's share prices to drop significantly.
87
Point of information.
88
I think you're right in saying that there's an absence of external competition in the markets, but a lot of the competition often occurs in terms of especially
89
because of the career risk institutes of the certain developers that individuals often get by, by showing up a bit of crotch against their fellow colleagues and public departments with a very same competition.
90
So would you say market does apply to an entire competition and an entire value of metrics with these companies?
91
We'll talk about that.
92
Cool.
93
Ladies and gentlemen, in Silicon Valley today, in the home of the entrepreneur,
94
the number of startups is lower than it has been at any point since the 1970s.
95
And for most of the entrepreneurs that do exist, the zenith of their success is to one day be bought off by one of these giants.
96
I can imagine that our honorable opposition would like you to believe that these first are good for the consumers.
97
Let's say that many online services would be worse off if their providers were smaller, and in total, the prices of goods has come down.
98
But the issue is that this raises question of fair competition, because these firms often benefit from legal exemptions.
99
Unlike mainstream publishers, Facebook and Google are hardly accountable for what users say on them.
100
It is no surprise then that Trump, for example, was able to and still is able to get his message across on Facebook
101
and Twitter in a way
102
that is enormously influential without undertaking the kind of obvious quality checks that we would associate with reaching the mass public.
103
And it's not like these tech empires just compete in the market.
104
From all the statistics that we have seen, they are the market.
105
And this brings me to my final point of the night.
106
There's no doubt that technology and the web has become crucial to all of our lives and also to the global economy.
107
And yet, the decisions on how these technology companies do what they do have never been voted upon by anyone.
108
Those judgments were made by executives at Facebook, at Google and at Amazon, and imposed upon a society without any regulatory scrutiny.
109
Today, instead of solving the world's problems, as I'm sure our honorable opposition would claim they do, these tech empires have ended up fashioning greater complications.
110
Let's take the example of the Russian interference in the 2016 U.S presidential elections.
111
Facebook disclosed late last year that it had discovered $100,000 worth of ads
112
by several hundred inauthentic accounts that appeared to be affiliated with Russia during the campaign.
113
But today, under increasing pressure, these tech firms are intensifying their public relations offensive in order to safeguard their reputation
114
and by extension the pockets of their shareholders.
115
However, for all the empty talk that Silicon Valley has partaken in, its fundamental attention has always been on whatever it could monetize.
116
For example, when Pulitzer Prize winning online news source ProPublica attempted last September to buy targeted ads for Jew haters on Facebook,
117
the tech giant did not self-reflect on whether this was an immoral idea.
118
It approved the ads within 15 minutes and asked the purchasers on how they would like to pay.
119
To conclude, in this day and age, Facebook defines how our society converses, Amazon decides what we purchase,
120
and Google regulates how we obtain information.
121
These are the companies
122
that have the power to allocate the verdict on who gets a digital bullhorn and who is silenced from the interweb.
123
Nothing posits their power and the obscure rationales behind their community guidelines more than the fact
124
that these firms suspend accounts and handles for posting topless photos
125
and yet deem it unproblematic when the Twitter-in-chief of the free world threatens nuclear war in less than 280 characters.
126
Ladies and gentlemen, tonight when you're walking out of that historic door, you'll be making a choice.
127
A choice about what kind of a society you want to live in.
128
One, where a few tech empires rule the many for their own profit, where technologists come for your money and against your democracy just as they have come for your personal data,
129
or a society based on healthy competition and free and fair dissemination of information.
130
It is for this reason, ladies and gentlemen, that I urge you to vote for the proposition and walk out of the door on the right.
131
Thank you.
132
Thank you.
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
نفس القناة
C11
THB the English Flag Has Become a Symbol of Division - Patrick Christys - Opp
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
Peter Singer | It Is NOT Immoral To Be A Billionaire (8/8) | Oxford Union
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
Toby Young | Woke Culture HAS Gone Too Far - 3/8 | Oxford Union
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Both Russia and America only pursue power, not principle, argues Moosa Haraj
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Tommy Nguyen: Woke Culture HAS Gone Too Far - 5/8 | Oxford Union
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
Climate Change Debate | Kriti Joshi | Opposition
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
Social Media Does NOT Corrupt Human Interactions | Liam Hackett | Part 4 of 6
TeensDaily ConversationHigh School Students
C12
Dr Maszlee Malik argues Islam is like democracy: it is not perfect - but they are compatible 6/8
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
THB that the Monarchy Died with the Queen - Hugo Vickers - Opp
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
THB Reform is Fit to Govern - Matt Goodwin - Prop
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C14
Melissa Hinkley | Social Media & Journalism Debate | Opposition (2/6)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
THB the English Flag Has Become a Symbol of Division - Femi Oluwole - Prop
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
THB Israel Never Truly Wanted Peace with Palestine - Avi Mayer - Opp
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
Climate Change Debate | Prof. Bruce Pardy | Opposition
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
THB Reform is Fit to Govern - Rachel Millward - Opp
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
Katie Hopkins | We Should NOT Support No Platforming (6/8) | Oxford Union
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B22
Climate Change Debate | Natalie Bennett | Opposition (8/8)
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C18
Climate Change Debate | Barry Gardiner MP | Proposition (3/8)
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
Ahmad Nawaz | We Should Do Whatever Necessary (1/8) | Oxford Union Debate
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
B21
Social Media Corrupts Human Interactions | Emma Gannon | Part 3 of 6
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
فيديو موصى به
C122
97 جمل
Social Media Corrupts Human Interactions | Jack Symonds | Part 1 of 6
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C110
221 جمل
ENGLISH SPEECH | AKASH BANERJEE: India’s Path (English Subtitles)
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C122
9 جمل
A revolution that takes our power? | Yuval Noah Harari
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C110
55 جمل
Nanotechnology: technology on a small scale | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
33 جمل
Geoffrey Hinton, Nobel Prize in Physics 2024: Banquet speech
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C18
30 جمل
Technology Made Us Human
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
55 جمل
Video
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
33 جمل
Should social media platforms censor hate speech? | Nadine Strossen | Big Think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C19
84 جمل
“But you did it first!”: A defense of the whataboutism
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B21
211 جمل
The Biggest Problem No One Is Talking About
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
211 جمل
ENGLISH SPEECH | MARK ZUCKERBERG: Free Speech (English Subtitles)
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 132 جملة و2132 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 13:56. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 153 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 82% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| gentleman اسم | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ | اَلسَّيِّد, سَيِّد |
| threaten فعل | /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/ | هَدَّدَ |
| margin اسم | /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ | هَامِش |
| acquisition اسم | /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/ | اِكْتِسَاب |
| rival اسم | /ˈɹaɪvəl/ | مُنَافِس |
| proposition اسم | /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/ | اِقْتِرَاح, مُقْتَرَح |
| chamber اسم | /ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/ | حُجْرَة |
| insight اسم | /ˈɪnsaɪ̯t/ | نظرة ثاقبة |
| entrepreneur اسم | /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/ | رَائِد أَعْمال مُتَعَهِّد, مُقَاوِل m مُلْتَزِم |
| capitalism اسم | /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/ | رَأْسْمَالِيَّة |
| pocket اسم | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | جَيْب |
| clothing اسم | /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ | مَلَابِس, ثِيَاب |
| extent اسم | /ɪkˈstɛnt/ | اِتِّسَاع, مَدَّى |
| harm اسم | /hɑːm/ | ضَرَرٌ |
| occur فعل | /əˈkɜː/ | حَدَثَ, وَقَعَ |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 11 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, you're, I'll. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, inauthentic /ˌɪnɔˈθɛn.tɪk/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, extension /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/, entrepreneur /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/, capitalism /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل gentleman, threaten, margin.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has been brought · have gone · has come |
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | has been brought · are then turned · being baffled |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | those who wish · dollars, which is · content, which is |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.