Shadowing-Übung: The Latest Developments in Age Reversal Research - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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The Joe Rogan Experience What what is the current state of science?
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As applied to longevity treatments like because I know that there's some pretty groundbreaking stuff that's in the pipeline right now Yeah,
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it's so since 2019 a lot of what we talked about has come true,
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which is the amazing thing We were speculating 2019 that we could potentially reverse aging
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And that was a sin to say that as a scientist publicly in those days.
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I put it in the book.
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And it's actually come true since then, certainly for the lab, for mice, monkeys.
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And now we have a human clinical trial, the first potential human age reversal technologies in people right now.
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Listen, it completely seems logical.
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The idea that that at one point in time would have been heresy in science to discuss it.
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That seems crazy.
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Like if we if people get old we understand the mechanism why couldn't we reverse it?
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Well, I think for a long time we had to accept it in the way
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that cancer used to be accepted 200 years ago probably there was nothing you could do about it
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And then my colleagues and I found
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that aging has a root cause That's the same in pretty much every cell in the body
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and that we could control that and that there were genes that not only slowed it down
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But in 2020 we had a big publication that showed we could actually safely for the first time reverse that process
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like reinstalling software in the cell to make it work again.
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And so what is the pro- is that using CRISPR?
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Like what are you using to...
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Well, we deliver genes into the body like CRISPR.
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I have a little prop here I brought.
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What is that?
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In my pocket here.
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This is a representation of how we deliver the age reversal genes.
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It's a virus-like capsule that we make in the lab.
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And this is what's going into the patients right now, into their eyes.
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Whoa initially And the eye is a good place to start.
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How do you pick the people to get on these tests?
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They volunteer
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I was really fortunate to see the first patient get dosed earlier this year
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and That person bravely volunteered to be the first person to get
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Trillions of these injected into his eye to see if it could cure his glaucoma loss of vision
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I bet if you have glaucoma, you're probably like, listen, what's the worst that could happen?
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Well, exactly.
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He pretty much was totally blind in one eye, and so there's really nothing that he has to lose.
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There's a risk that something might go wrong, but not really.
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The good news is, and I can report to everybody around the world, that nothing's gone wrong so far.
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Everything's proceeding according to plan, and we're at a turning point, potentially, in human history, if it works.
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So I interrupted you but explain this little virus transport system.
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Oh sure and for those of you listening I've got a little rubber ball with spikes on it.
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It looks a bit like COVID but don't be scared of it.
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It's not a pathogenic virus it's actually a domesticated version of a virus and this little plastic ball has little adapters.
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These red balls on the surface of the big ball
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target it to the cells in the back of the eye and you can change the balls to target different tissues.
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We could change that outside little spike and target it to the liver, which we've done, and cured mice of their fatty liver disease as well.
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But this one's for the eye, and within that big ball is a protein capsule,
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and inside the protein capsule is our DNA special delivery, which we call OSK or Or ER 100,
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ER 100 is Epigenetic Reprogramming 100, the drug that we know when we put it into human cells, it makes them younger.
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And then they work like they were young again.
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This sounds like the beginning of a horror movie.
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You know what I mean?
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Like the scientist is on a talk show, and the scientist is explaining it, and everyone's at home with their coffee like, wow, this is wonderful.
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We're going to get younger again.
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And then the scientist says, don't worry, it's all gonna work out great.
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28 days later, garbage in the streets, cars on fire, the guy's waking up from a coma, doesn't know what happened, Yeah.
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Goes outside, these optimized humans are eating each other.
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I admit, I admit, it is science fiction, and I even have to pinch myself that it's actually happening.
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But we've done a lot of safety studies, and this trial is FDA approved, because they've looked at all the data.
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Well, God knows they never fuck anything up.
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Yeah, I figured you might say that.
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Perfect!
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Yeah, well it's in the eye, so that's why we start with the eye.
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It's enclosed.
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It's not going to spread nobody's going to grow another eye.
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And so these trillions of cells that you're putting into the eyes.
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The little capsule the virus like particles.
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I shouldn't call them cells.
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Trillions of capsules that you're putting into the eye.
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What are they doing for glaucoma?
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Well, what they're doing is there are three genes in this DNA package and I call them OSK.
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OSK are three special genes that we found safely reprogram cells
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and reboot the backup copy of youth which we now believe exists in our body.
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That's a big deal
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that there's a backup copy of youth even an old person I don't see
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that an old person anymore on the street I just see a person that needs to be rebooted.
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These OSK genes...
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You just see, wait a minute, hold on.
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When you see old people, you don't see old people, you just say, oh, that poor person needs to be rebooted.
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You're doing the perfect job for you.
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Like, your personality is perfectly suited for your occupation.
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If that's how you actually look at people?
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Well, I do, and the reason is that we all have this backup copy that the DNA,
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The instructions to be young that made us into who we are as kids is still in our bodies, almost largely intact.
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You just need to read it again.
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And that's why reinstalling software or...
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I used to use the analogy of a CD.
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Kids these days probably don't know what a CD is.
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It's a little plastic circle like a record that we used to put 20 songs on.
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It was awesome at the time.
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I think most people know.
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I'm kidding.
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It's a bit of a silly joke.
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Maybe a 10-year-old does.
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When I teach kids at Harvard, most of them have never held a CD.
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Isn't that wild?
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Yeah.
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Though they're not coming back, but albums definitely.
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So think of it like an album that you scratch.
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And the scratches are like aging, and we are getting rid of the scratches with these three genes, OSK.
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So let me tell you how these three genes work, we found.
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There was a person whose name is well known in science circles called Shinya Yamanaka,
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from Japan obviously, and he discovered that there was a set of four genes that could reliably make adult cells,
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like skin cells, into stem cells.
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And he deservedly won the Nobel Prize for that in 2006.
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But that wouldn't be useful here.
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If I turned you into a bunch of stem cells, you'd probably die within a few minutes.
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So we don't want to do that.
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And cancer is also a potential.
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So it took us about, well, from 2019 it took us a while to figure out
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that if we leave out one of the Aminaka genes and just use three, OSK, leave out the other one called them, we get safe age reversal,
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about 75-80% back to youth, but no further.
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We don't go back to zero, which is what Yamanaka did.
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And instead of cells losing their identity, which is what a stem cell has, no identity, we regain identity.
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So it's actually, I could draw graphs, but it doesn't really help listeners.
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But basically old age is losing identity of your cells, so they don't work, they forget how to work.
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That's what we think old age in my lab and stem cells have no identity.
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It was like a very early embryo.
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In between, our cells have a lot of identity.
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They function beautifully.
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We're in our 20s.
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We're at peak and what we've done is we've figured out how to go back towards youth, get these cells to work like they did again,
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get the backup copy somewhere it exists.
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We're looking for it and now cells actually behave like they did
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when we were 20 and
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if it works we're gonna have glaucoma patients seeing for the first time
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and that's the beginning of a whole cascade of drugs that I want to develop
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For diseases of aging and eventually whole body rejuvenation
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So the initial experiments are on glaucoma
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because it's a contained thing the eyeball is a contained thing And you could do it that way.
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Yeah, my student one Cheng Lu who was doing this in
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2017 I said let's do the liver Let's rejuvenate the liver
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and he said no the eye is a good idea and he was right So that's exactly why we chose that first.
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But just think about how many people have vision problems.
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It's 40 million Just in the US for glaucoma
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Macular degeneration is even more and in the lab we can cure
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that as well in the mice now macular degeneration and
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Glaucoma these are diseases of aging right you would say or glaucoma is a disease Oh, yeah What about people that have had eyeball injuries
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and things like is there a backup copy of the eyeball where you could sort of reformat the eyeball structure?
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You should come work in my lab at least come visit.
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I would love to visit.
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And the reason I say that is that's the exact question that we're asking.
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Mmm.
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We showed that even if you injure say a nerve
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whether it's peripheral on in your arm or in your brain or in the eye like the optic nerve
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we can regrow those back to where they were.
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And actually in 2020, on the cover of Nature magazine, there was the picture of an eye.
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And in the paper we published, you could see the nerves regrowing back.
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And so we think that injury is also treatable.
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Actually, a group in China just took out technology, this OSK stuff, put it into mice that had bad joints, and it regrew their muscle and their bone back to normal.
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Whoa.
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And so we're also looking at treating injury, back injury joints, osteoarthritis.
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That would be phenomenal, because there's so many people that are suffering from arthritis.
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I know so many people with injuries, like martial arts injuries.
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I have one my left knee is fucked up.
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It's annoying.
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I keep it together I've got it like main I maintain it, but it's always an issue I have to stay on it.
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I and there's little you can do like stem cells a little bit of relief
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But not stem cells give you relief
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But not when once you're dealing with cartilage damage
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And you're dealing with the I had a meniscus surgery where they took out a piece of my meniscus
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and I had my ACL Reconstructed on that knee as well.
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It's it's just an issue
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But it works pretty good for like what it should be like if we were living in the 1930s.
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I'd be a cripple
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You know hang in there
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because we're gonna be in a world where you can rebuild parts of the body including joints The problem with
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that is like how does that apply to athletics?
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We're gonna have fucking super soldiers in every sport There's gonna be people in every sport
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that could do what Michael Jordan didn't like leap from halfway across the basketball court and dunk
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That's probably coming and there may be DNA tests to see if you've got these OSK genes inserted.
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And we're working on it, working on a drink and a pill as well.
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A drink and a pill?
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Yeah, I mean we're now eight years ahead of what the public realizes.
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Really?
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In my lab at Harvard, yeah.
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A drink and a pill, and what's a drink and a pill gonna do?
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Well, right now it's in mice, so we've still got a ways to go, but when we give the drink to mice, they get rejuvenated.
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You just give it to 80 year olds.
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If you're on the way out, like, let's fucking go.
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Like, give it a chance.
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Well, this is what the FDA is for.
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They forbid that.
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Yeah, that's why we need to get rid of them.
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Get rid of the FDA and just give it to old people.
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If I was an old guy, and I was like, hanging in there, and I'm walking around with a...
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And you're like, look, this drink and a pill might kill you, or you might be like a 30-year-old again.
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I'm like, let's fucking go!
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Let's fucking go!
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Well, I get emails a lot.
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I've had to take my emails off public access, Because there's a lot of people that want this.
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Oh, I'm sure there was one guy
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that wouldn't leave The building until he saw me so it's getting to that point Yeah, there's a little bit of that right people get a little selfish like it's all about them.
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Yeah, and actually the US
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Government blocked an investment from a foreign country into one of my companies because they were afraid of super soldiers
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What country well they're afraid of technology getting out Which which country could I guess?
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Sure.
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China!
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It wasn't. Was it?
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No. Russia?
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It was somewhere in between here and China.
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Oh, well that's pretty vague.
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It's a little, uh, it's a little sensitive.
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But yeah, the US government does have the ability to block foreign investment and they did in this case.
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160 million bucks they blocked.
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Wow.
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That was a painful episode.
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So they were worried that people were gonna actually engineer super soldiers.
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Thank you.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Diese Sprechübung auf Niveau B2 basiert auf dem Video „The Latest Developments in Age Reversal Research“. Diese Wörter kommen am häufigsten vor: cell, eye, genes. Dieses Video enthält 210 Sätze und 2411 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 13:21. Der Sprecher spricht schnell, etwa 181 Wörter pro Minute – rechne mit verbundenen und verkürzten Lauten. 83 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
Die 15 anspruchsvollsten Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| glaucoma Substantiv | /ɡlɔːˈkoʊmə/ | Glaukom, grüner Star |
| capsule Substantiv | /ˈkæps(ə)l/ | Kapsel |
| pill Substantiv | /pɪl/ | Tablette, Pille |
| eyeball Substantiv | /ˈaɪ.bɔl/ | Augapfel |
| reboot Verb | /ˈɹiːbuːt/ | neu laden, neu starten |
| scratch Verb | /skɹæt͡ʃ/ | kratzen |
| nerve Substantiv | /nɝv/ | Nerv |
| degeneration Substantiv | /dɪˌdʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/ | Entartung |
| meniscus Substantiv | /məˈnɪs.kəs/ | Meniskus |
| reinstall Verb | neu installieren | |
| rejuvenate Verb | /ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːvəneɪt/ | verjüngen |
| whoa | /woʊ/ | brr, oha |
| spike Substantiv | /spaɪk/ | Nagel, Spitze |
| cartilage Substantiv | /ˈkɑɹ.təl.ɪd͡ʒ/ | Knorpel |
| cascade Substantiv | /kæsˈkeɪd/ | Wasserfall, Kaskade |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| figure out Verb | herausfinden | |
| take out Verb | herausbringen, herausnehmen | |
| come back Verb | zurückkommen, zurückkehren | |
| get out Verb | aussteigen | |
| go back Verb | zurückgehen, zurückfahren | |
| work out Verb | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | ausrechnen |
Sätze zum Wiederholen
Kurze, vollständige Sätze aus dem Video, die du im Alltag wiederverwenden kannst:
- How do you pick the people to get on these tests?
- You know what I mean?
- We're going to get younger again.
- I shouldn't call them cells.
- If that's how you actually look at people?
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| „Used to“ used to + Verb – eine frühere Gewohnheit oder ein Zustand, der nicht mehr gilt | used to be · used to use · used to put |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | has come · we've done · have never held |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | be accepted · be rebooted · is fucked |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | zero, which is · identity, which is |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 63 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel we're, don't, you're. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die „th“-Laute: pathogenic /pæθəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/, arthritis /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/, athletic /æθˈlɛt.ɪk/
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: degeneration /dɪˌdʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/, martial /ˈmɑɹʃəl/, selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, occupation /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: degeneration /dɪˌdʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/, rejuvenate /ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːvəneɪt/, deservedly /dɪˈzɜːvɪdli/, domesticate /dəˈmɛ.stɪ.keɪt/, pathogenic /pæθəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/
Laute, die Deutschsprachigen schwerfallen:
- /w/ — mit runden Lippen, nicht wie das deutsche „w“ (/v/): whoa /woʊ/, halfway /ˌhæfˈweɪ/
- Stimmhafter Auslaut — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ am Wortende nicht verhärten: nerve /nɝv/, cartilage /ˈkɑɹ.təl.ɪd͡ʒ/, cascade /kæsˈkeɪd/, enclose /ɪnˈkloʊz/, optimize /ˈɑptɪmaɪz/
- /æ/ — offener als „ä“: capsule /ˈkæps(ə)l/, scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/, macular /ˈmækjəlɚ/, cascade /kæsˈkeɪd/, pathogenic /pæθəˈd͡ʒɛnɪk/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie glaucoma, capsule, pill.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.