Shadowing Practice: Anterior Cervical Diskectomy & Fusion - Learn English Speaking with Video

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I have a lot of patients who come and see me with neck pain that is radiating down the arm.

This condition is called cervical radiculopathy.

It is usually because of a pinched nerve in the neck, either due to a bone spur or a herniated disc.

There's an excellent surgery for this condition.

This is called anterior cervical discectomy infusion.

Basically, through this surgery, we unpinch the nerve by removing a disc in the neck, and we stabilize that level by fusing it.

And today, I'm going to show you how this surgery is done step by step.

I'm making this video for my patients who want to know more about the surgery, see how it's done.

So I'll take you through it step by step.

And also for patients out there who are dealing with a similar problem

and are debating whether or not they should have the surgery.

So today I'm going to show you the case of a patient who had a pinched nerve between the C6

and the C7 vertebrae in the neck, pinching the C7 nerve.

The C7 nerve comes out of the neck

and goes all the way down into the forearm and the hand and can cause some severe pain, numbness, and tingling.

So without further ado, let's get started.

The first step is to place the patient on the operating room table after they've been intubated and they've received anesthesia.

And we check an x-ray from the side

and we put a marker on the skin and make sure that we know where the C7 vertebrae is.

So we mark the skin. And similarly, we put another probe on the skin to mark where the

c6 level is after we figure out where the c6

and the c7 vertebra are we make a small incision between

those two points we get down deeper on the spine

and very carefully we take a tiny needle

and we put it into the c7 vertebra

and check another rectifier from the side now it's very important to make sure

that you are the correct vertebral level

because of course you don't want to remove the wrong level

disc now after you've confirmed your level you focus all of your attention at the c6

and c7 level so the next step is to create some space between the c6

and the c7 bones and how do you do

that well the first step is to take a small threaded pin

and put it into the c7 vertebra similarly you take a second pin

and you insert it into the c6 vertebra next you slide a distractor over these pins

and apply a very minimal distraction maybe one

or two millimeters to gently open up this disk space this allows you more space to work

and this also allows you to open up the nerve so it is no longer pinched

next using a series of different instruments we remove the degenerated disk between c6

and c7 and and we remove it all the way to the back of the vertebral body.

It's very important to remove all the discs because the nerve lives all the way in the back, right over here at this point.

After you have removed the disc, we use special instruments to unpinch the nerve and remove the bone spurs that are pinching the nerve.

So at this point, the C7 nerve has been freed up on both sides.

Now you're left with an empty space where the disc used to be.

So the question is, what do you do about it?

Well, you have to put a spacer over here, otherwise the two levels are going to collapse.

And you have to put a spacer of the correct size.

So the way we do that is we have a series of spacers, trial spacers, that we put in sequentially, and we see how snug the fit is.

When you finally find the correct fit, that is the size of the spacer that you need to put in there.

So in the case of this patient, we used a 6mm spacer

that gave us a very good snug fit both by tactile feel

and by looking at it from the side by the x-ray

so next we remove the trial

and we select a piece of bone a cadaver bone graft called the allograft

and just gently tamp it into place until

that bone is in the center of the disc space

and at this point you check another x-ray make sure everything

looks good you remove the distraction pins the threaded pins

that you put in earlier

and the next step is to put a plate in the front so that you can stabilize this whole construct.

It's very important to select a plate that's neither too long nor too short.

So you take the plate that you think is going to work, put it in the front of the neck, and put it on top of the vertebrae, and secure it temporarily with a temporary fixation pin.

You check an x-ray, make sure it's of the correct length.

Next, we take a drill and drill into the C7 bone.

Take a small screw and put it through the plate and secure the plate against C7.

We put a second screw into the C7 vertebra.

And similarly, we put two more screws into the C6.

At this point, you fight and tighten all the screws.

Make sure that the whole construct is nice and tight.

You look around to make sure that there's no bleeding.

And after checking everything to make sure it's okay, you close up the incision.

After waking the patient up and reversing anesthesia, the patient will be probably in the hospital either overnight or discharge home the same day, depending on how they're doing.

They're wearing a soft collar

and recovery in general for patients who have an anterior cervical discectomy infusion surgery is very rapid and very successful.

So I hope you enjoyed watching this video.

If you have any questions, please feel free to share in the comments below.

I always enjoy hearing from my viewers.

If you like this video, I would appreciate it if you could give it a like and subscribe to my channel.

Thank you for watching and see you next time.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “Anterior Cervical Diskectomy & Fusion”. Las palabras que más se repiten: nerve, patient, step, disc, bone. Este vídeo tiene 78 frases y 1066 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:14. El hablante habla rápido, unas 203 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. Solo el 81 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
vertebra sustantivo	/ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/	vértebra
disk sustantivo	/dɪsk/	disco
spacer sustantivo	/ˈspeɪsɚ/	espaciador, separador
pinch verbo	/pɪnt͡ʃ/	pellizcar, repizcar
anesthesia sustantivo	/ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/	anestesia
discectomy sustantivo		discectomía
incision sustantivo	/ɪnˈsɪʒən/	incisión, cisura
infusion sustantivo	/ɪnˈfjuːʒən/	infusión
snug adjetivo	/snʌɡ/	cómodo, confortable
stabilize verbo	/ˈsteɪ.bəˌlaɪz/	estabilizar
vertebral adjetivo	/vɚˈti.bɹəl/	vertebral
anterior adjetivo	/ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/	anterior
spur sustantivo	/spɝ/	espuela, acicate
distraction sustantivo	/dɪsˈtɹæk.ʃən/	distracción
construct verbo	/ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/	construir

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
figure out verbo	averiguar, captar

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

Estructura	En el vídeo
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace	is called · is done · they've been intubated
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora	they've been intubated · you've confirmed · have removed

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 11 contracciones y formas reducidas, como I'm, they're, they've. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: anesthesia /ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/, incision /ɪnˈsɪʒən/, infusion /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/, distraction /dɪsˈtɹæk.ʃən/, fixation /fɪksˈeɪʃən/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: anesthesia /ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/, anterior /ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/, degenerate /dɪˈd͡ʒɛnəɹɪt/, sequentially /səˈkwɛntʃəli/, temporarily /ˌtɛmpəˈɹɛɹəli/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: spacer /ˈspeɪsɚ/, snug /snʌɡ/, stabilize /ˈsteɪ.bəˌlaɪz/, spur /spɝ/, spine /spaɪn/
/v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: vertebra /ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/, vertebral /vɚˈti.bɹəl/, cadaver /kəˈdævɚ/, viewer /ˈvju.ɚ/
/z/ — sonora, no /s/: stabilize /ˈsteɪ.bəˌlaɪz/, fuse /fjuːz/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como vertebra, disk, spacer.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

Shadowing Practice: Anterior Cervical Diskectomy & Fusion - Learn English Speaking with Video

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