Shadowing Practice: Bookkeeping in 6 Steps (for Beginners) - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Bookkeeping is an important part of running your business,

La contabilidad es una parte importante de la gestión de su negocio,

but to be honest, it's not something most business owners know much about or even want to do.

Pero, para ser sinceros, no es algo que la mayoría de los dueños de negocios conozcan bien ni que quieran hacer.

But now more than ever, bookkeeping is crucial to staying organized and having accurate data about your business.

Pero ahora más que nunca, llevar la contabilidad es fundamental para mantenerse organizado y tener datos precisos sobre su negocio.

My name is Kristen, and I'm a certified public accountant turned small business owner and entrepreneur.

Me llamo Kristen y soy contadora pública certificada, convertida en propietaria de una pequeña empresa y emprendedora.

I left my job at a big four accounting firm to start my own boutique firm

Dejé mi trabajo en una de las cuatro grandes firmas de contabilidad para fundar mi propia firma boutique.

that serves small business owners like maybe yourself.

que sirve a los dueños de pequeñas empresas como usted.

So today I'm going to teach you the bookkeeping basics.

Hoy les voy a enseñar los conceptos básicos de contabilidad.

This video is designed for business owners or anyone that is interested in becoming a bookkeeper.

Este vídeo está dirigido a propietarios de negocios o a cualquier persona interesada en convertirse en contable.

What is bookkeeping?

¿Qué es la contabilidad?

Simply put, it is the process of keeping financial records for a business.

And this is so important because bookkeeping is required to file taxes, to get loans or funding,

and to stay compliant with local, state, and federal regulations.

And even more than that, it's crucial to have financial data about your business to make decisions for the future.

And surprisingly, the process is pretty simple.

So I'm going to break down the steps of bookkeeping.

So step one

One is to simply gather financial records or source documents.

And these documents include, most importantly,

bank statements and credit card statements that show a list of transactions during that financial period with an amount,

a date, and a description.

Some other documents that are really helpful are receipt, any record of cash transactions.

So if the business pulled out cash and that cash was used for different types of activities,

that's really important to have written down or logged somewhere.

Also, any invoices that the business issued to its customers or clients and any bills that were issued to the business.

Step two is to categorize transactions.

So now that you have all of the data you'll need,

you then need to sort through those transactions and make some decisions around what category they fall under.

So we have several normal categories in the bookkeeping world, and that's going to be revenue or sales and expenses,

assets, liability, and owner's equity.

And a lot of those terms you may have heard before, equity may be a new one,

but essentially it's a record of owner's distributions and contributions and what money is remaining in the business undistributed.

It's important to be able to basically list out all of the transactions from that bank statement,

from those source records, and decide on categories.

And this is where I will recommend using an accounting software.

And the two that I love the most are Xero Accounting Software and QuickBooks Online.

You definitely want something digital and cloud -based.

You don't want to have to worry about, you know, a physical device being stolen or lost and losing all of your records.

So get something cloud -based and those two softwares will definitely do the trick.

Step three is where a lot of newbie bookkeepers

or business owners who try to DIY their own bookkeeping mess up and that is reconciling your bank account.

So you've got all of the transactions in the accounting software

and categorized and now you have to take an additional step to ensure accuracy and completeness of your data.

In a nutshell, that step is you get the source documents, the bank statements or credit card statements,

and you match them to the balance in the accounting software.

And then when there are discrepancies, you have to really understand those discrepancies because they could be caused by missing transactions,

duplicate transactions, or timing issues.

So you've got to be able to speak to those and make any corrections as needed.

It's shocking how many people's books I see

that come to our accounting firm

and you can very much tell a bank reconciliation has never been completed

because their credit card may say that they have a positive 500 balance

when really they owe negative $2 ,000 on that card, right?

Step four is preparing the financial statements.

And under generally accepted accounting principles, there are three main financial reports that I recommend most business owners know and understand.

And that's going to be the income statement or profit and loss.

Both names are totally acceptable the balance sheet, and then lastly, the statement of cash flows.

And that basically just explains how the cash has moved in

and out of the business for that period and what the net cash increase or decrease was.

So these statements can often be run for various periods of time.

So normally at our firm, we prepare statements on a monthly basis.

So the monthly report would show that month's data, but also a year to date view.

So the business owner can go into their income statement and not only see how they did that month,

but how they're tracking for the whole year.

Now, the balance sheet is a little bit different because it's not over a span of time.

It's an as of period because the balance sheet is basically the statement of net worth of the business.

So what does the business own and what does the business owe?

So because there's really only a snapshot available for that

and there's not going to be the span of time like an income statement or profit and loss,

that would be run as of a certain date.

So as of December 31st. And then the statement of cash flow, similar to the profit and loss or income statement,

can be run for a span of time to show the activity over that period of time.

The next step is reviewing the financial statement.

So these beautiful statements mean nothing if we don't understand them.

So the first statement that we talked about, the income statement or profit and loss is giving you a summary of revenue,

cost of goods sold or cost of services sold,

which basically are those variable expenses that are changing as your revenue grows or as it decreases, right?

So for a product space business, that's going to be the cost of inventory that they sold during that period.

And then the next section is operating expenses.

And generally these are overhead expenses or fixed expenses.

And what that means is they don't fluctuate as much with revenue as the cost of goods sold expenses would.

So you're going to see things like rent and insurance and payroll, etc. in this part of the profit and loss or income statement.

The last line, the bottom line is going to tell you your net profit or net loss.

So this is really a great picture of how the business is performing.

Is there going to be profit left over after the month or is the business in the red?

Are they in a loss position?

The next statement is the balance sheet.

So like we talked about this is going to be a summary of what the business owns

which is called assets and that's at the top of the statement

and what they owe which is called liabilities and that's next

so that's going to be things like credit card balances loan balances

or any bills that are outstanding and then the last section is equity

which like we talked about is a summary of owners contributions to the business, owner's distributions from the business, and also a retained earnings.

So basically what is leftover, what is undistributed in the business.

And then lastly is our statement of cash flows.

And this is broken down into three main sections.

So it's cash flow from operations, cash flow from investing activities, and cash flow from financing activities.

So it pulls data from both the income statement and the balance sheet to show a cash summary.

So how much cash did you start the month with?

How much cash did you increase by or spend?

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And then what's your leftover cash balance?

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So it's a reconciliation of cash, which is a business's most important tool.

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Step six is to use your financial statements to make informed business decisions.

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So there is so much information to gather from these financial statements and really they tell a story of your business's performance.

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So some examples about how my clients have used their financial

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statements to make decisions is they track things like return on ad spend.

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So if they're spending a bunch of money on advertising they basically see what their return was in revenue

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and they can make a decision around whether to continue that ad campaign or to halt it altogether.

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Another good example is your payroll spend right so seeing the total amount

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that you spend to pay your team members and employees

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and tracking that on a consistent basis is really important

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because a lot of business owners like to track revenue per headcount

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so if there are people in your business that are working for you

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but aren't producing revenue they may be eating away at a lot of your profits

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and so it's really helpful to see that in one financial report

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and then lastly the most important number like I said is the net profit

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or net loss so really understanding that number

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and what it tells about the health of your business so

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if you're constantly in a net loss position look closer at your expenses

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and see what you might be able to cut

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or reduce to put you into that profit position okay so you've just learned the six steps for bookkeeping for a business

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And these steps are so important, whether you're doing your own bookkeeping for your business, or if you're interested in becoming a bookkeeper.

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Me and my team run a program called Brilliant Bookkeeper, and it will teach you just that.

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It'll provide you the mentorship and the coaching

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and the support to learn the skills needed to become a bookkeeper

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and seal the deal with your first client within 30 days.

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So I hope that you'll check that out if you're interested in.

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Bookkeeping really is the difference that can help you

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or your clients have a more profitable year and take home more income personally.

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So if you liked this video,

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please give it a thumbs up and subscribe to the channel and feel free to leave a comment or a question.

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We would love to hear from you.

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Thanks so much.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Bookkeeping in 6 Steps”. Las palabras que más se repiten: statement, cash, bookkeeping, financial, step. Este vídeo tiene 132 frases y 1741 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 10:41. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 163 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 88 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es fácil de seguir.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
transaction sustantivo	/tɹænˈzækʃən/	transacción
expense sustantivo	/ɪkˈspɛns/	gasto, dispendio
sheet sustantivo	/ʃit/	hoja, folio
summary sustantivo	/ˈsʌm.ə.ɹi/	resumen, sumario
spin verbo	/spɪn/	girar, rotar
equity sustantivo	/ˈɛk.wɪ.ti/	equidad, epiqueya
lastly adverbio	/ˈlæstli/	postreramente, postrimeramente
cloud sustantivo	/ˈklaʊ̯d/	nube, nimbo
helpful adjetivo	/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/	servicial, adyuvante
contribution sustantivo	/ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/	contribución, aporte
crucial adjetivo	/ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/	crucial
asset sustantivo	/ˈæsɛt/	valor, activo
decrease verbo	/dɪˈkɹiːs/	mermar[se], descrecer
liability sustantivo	/laɪəˈbɪlɪti/	lastre, estorbo
payroll sustantivo	/ˈpeɪˌɹəʊl/	nómina, planilla

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
break down verbo	descomponerse, averiarse
mess up verbo	desbarajustar, desbarahustar
pull out verbo	retirarse
write down verbo	apuntar, anotar

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

Estructura	En el vídeo
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace	is designed · is required · were issued
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora	has never been completed · has moved · you've just learned
Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa	owe which is · cash, which is
Posibilidad con “might / may” might/may + verbo — algo posible pero no seguro	may have · may say · may be

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 20 contracciones y formas reducidas, como you're, don't, I'm. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “th”: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, thumb /ˈθʌm/
Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, sheet /ʃit/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, reconciliation /ˌɹɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, liability /laɪəˈbɪlɪti/, reconciliation /ˌɹɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃ(ə)n/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: spin /spɪn/, skill /skɪl/, steal /stiːl/, snapshot /ˈsnæpʃɒt/
/v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: invest /ɪnˈvɛst/, inventory /ˈɪn.vən.tɹi/, variable [ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩], overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, invoice /ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/
/z/ — sonora, no /s/: transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, corrections /kəˈɹɛkʃənz/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como transaction, expense, sheet.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

Shadowing Practice: Bookkeeping in 6 Steps (for Beginners) - Learn English Speaking with Video

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