Shadowing Practice: Formation Of A Tropical Cyclone - Learn English Speaking with Video
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There are three basic stages in the life of a tropical cyclone,
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its origin or source, the mature stage and the dissipation stage,
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where it dies out.
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These occur in a continuous process,
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not as separate and distinct stages.
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Each stage may occur more than once during the life cycle,
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as the strength of the cyclone rises and falls.
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it may reach land, weaken,
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then go back out to sea where it strengthens once more.
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The formation of a cyclone depends upon the following conditions coinciding.
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A large, still and warm ocean area with a surface temperature that exceeds 26.5 degrees Celsius over an extended period.
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This allows a body of warm air to develop above the ocean's surface surface.
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Low altitude winds are also needed to form a tropical cyclone.
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As air warms over the ocean,
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it expands, becomes lighter and rises.
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Other local winds blow in to replace the air that has risen,
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then this air is also warmed and rises.
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The rising air contains huge amounts of moisture evaporated from the ocean's surface.
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As it rises, it cools,
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condensing to form huge clouds about 10km up in the troposphere.
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More warm air rushes in and rises,
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drawn by the draft above.
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The rising drafts of air carry moisture high into the atmosphere so that these clouds eventually become very thick and heavy.
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Condensation then releases the latent heat energy stored in the water vapor,
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providing the cyclone with more power.
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This creates a self-sustaining heat cycle.
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Drawn further upwards by the new release of energy,
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the clouds can grow to 12 to 15 kilometers high.
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The force created by the Earth's rotation on a tilted axis,
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the Coriolis effect, causes rising currents of air to spiral around the centre of the tropical cyclone.
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It is at this stage that the cyclone matures and the eye of the storm is created.
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As the air rises and cools,
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some of this dense air descends to form the clear,
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still eye as the cyclone rages around it.
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The eye wall, where the wind is strongest,
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behaves like a whirling cylinder.
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Cyclones rotate clockwise in the southern hemisphere, anti-clockwise in the northern.
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The lowest air pressure in a tropical cyclone is always found at the centre,
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and is typically 950 millibars or less.
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The average air pressure at the Earth's surface is about 1,010 millibars.
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Tropical cyclones have significantly lower air pressure than the air that surrounds them.
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The bigger the pressure difference,
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the stronger the wind force.
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One of the lowest air pressures ever recorded was 877 millibars for Typhoon Ida,
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which hit the Philippines in 1958,
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where winds reached 300 kilometres an hour.
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Once formed, the cyclone's movement or track follows a pathway away from its source,
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driven by global wind circulation.
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As warm ocean waters feed it heat and moisture,
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the cyclone continues to enlarge.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C2 se basa en el vídeo “Formation Of A Tropical Cyclone”. Las palabras que más se repiten: cyclone, rises, wind, stage, tropical. Este vídeo tiene 51 frases y 473 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:41. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 128 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 75 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| cyclone sustantivo | /ˈsaɪ.kloʊn/ | ciclón |
| millibar sustantivo | milibar | |
| moisture sustantivo | /ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃɚ/ | humedad |
| clockwise adverbio | /ˈklɒkwaɪz/ | en el sentido de las agujas del reloj, en sentido horario |
| coincide verbo | /ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/ | coincidir |
| condensation sustantivo | /ˌkɒn.dɛnˈseɪ.ʃən/ | condensación |
| condense verbo | /kənˈdɛns/ | condensar |
| enlarge verbo | /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/ | ampliar, agrandar |
| evaporate verbo | /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/ | evaporar, evaporarse |
| kilometre sustantivo | /kɪˈlɑmɪtəɹ/ | kilómetro, quilómetro |
| latent adjetivo | /ˈleɪ.tənt/ | latente |
| troposphere sustantivo | /ˈtɹoʊpəsfɪɚ/ | troposfera, tropósfera |
| weaken verbo | /ˈwikən/ | debilitar, languir |
| descend verbo | /dəˈsɛnd/ | descender |
| vapor sustantivo | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | vapor |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| die out verbo | extinguirse |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “th”: pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: condensation /ˌkɒn.dɛnˈseɪ.ʃən/, dissipation /ˌdɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/, circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, rotation /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: condensation /ˌkɒn.dɛnˈseɪ.ʃən/, dissipation /ˌdɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/, evaporate /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/, kilometre /kɪˈlɑmɪtəɹ/, circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: spiral /ˈspaɪɹəl/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: evaporate /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/, vapor /ˈveɪpɚ/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: clockwise /ˈklɒkwaɪz/, upwards /ˈʌpwɚdz/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como cyclone, millibar, moisture.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.