Shadowing Practice: The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & Hormones - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Around age 9 to 13, girls enter  puberty and have their very first period. From this day forward,  their hormone levels fluctuate, affecting their body, brain and behavior —  a phenomenon known as the menstrual cycle.
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The menstrual cycle is divided into 4  phases: Menstruation, follicular phase, ovulation with a fertile window, and the  luteal phase. The length of the cycle is, on average, 28 days. However, for most  women it ranges somewhere between 22 and 35 days and can be regular or not. Since menstruation is a consequence of changes that happen before it, we will  start our story with the follicular phase.
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During the Follicular phase, the hormone estrogen  increases steadily and Leah starts to feel happy, is physically stronger, and  is generally on top form.
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Inside her body, her uterine lining  starts to thicken and in the ovaries, her follicles mature. Inside one of  them is a tiny cell that's about to become an egg. At the end of this phase,  Leah notices a change in her discharge.
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During Ovulation the ovary releases the egg,  which makes its way towards the uterus and then implants itself inside the lining. For about  5 days, Leah could potentially get pregnant.
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The high levels of estrogen make Leah more  interested in boys than she used to be, which is why she is more conscious  about her appearance. Her senses are heightened and she hears, sees,  tastes and smells more acutely.
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In the Luteal phase, her body temperature  rises slightly. Leah has more sensitive, swollen breasts, and occasional joint  pain, which makes skateboarding harder.
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Like just about every other woman, Leah can now  experience premenstrual syndrome. If it's bad, she wants to be alone, feels moody, and can  have thoughts that keep her up at night.
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If there is no pregnancy, Leah’s uterus  sheds her thickened lining. As a result she experiences bleeding and often painful cramps.  This marks the first day of menstruation.
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Leah is now exhausted. She has trouble  concentrating, is not motivated, and can’t do sports, which annoys her a lot. But soon after  she starts feeling better and the cycle continues.
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Every young woman experiences a  different version of the menstrual cycle, with periods ranging from little to no  discomfort, to heavy bleeding and intense pain. And about 1 in 10 girls will have to  deal with what’s known as endometriosis.
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Endometriosis is a condition where  tissue grows outside the uterus.
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This can lead to severe and lasting  pain during their menses, intercourse, or on the toilet. And eventually  it can even lead to infertility.
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What do you think? How does the  menstrual cycle influence your life, or the life of your partner or friend? And  how can society support women and girls who experience regular periods of pain and fatigue?  Share your thoughts in the comments below!
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If you like this video and want us to make more,  subscribe to our channel or support us on Patreon.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación de nivel B2 se basa en el vídeo “The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & Hormones”. Las palabras que más se repiten: Leah, phase, cycle, menstrual, pain. Este vídeo tiene 15 frases y 481 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:37. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 133 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 77 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente. 3 de sus 15 frases son preguntas, así que sirve para practicar la entonación de las preguntas y las respuestas cortas.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
menstrual adjetivo/ˈmɛn.stɹu.əl/menstrual
follicular adjetivofolicular
menstruation sustantivo/ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪʃən/menstruación, regla
uterus sustantivo/ˈjuː.tə.ɹəs/útero
endometriosis sustantivo/ˌɛndoʊˌmiːtɹiˈoʊsɪs/endometriosis
estrogen sustantivo/ˈɛstɹəd͡ʒən/estrógeno
luteal adjetivolúteo
ovulation sustantivo/ɑvjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ovulación
thicken verbo/ˈθɪkən/engrosar, engruesar
bleed verbo/ˈbliːd/desangrar
hormone sustantivo/ˈhoɹmoʊn/hormona
acutely adverbio/əˈkjuːtli/intensamente
follicle sustantivo/ˈfɑlɪkəl/folículo
heighten verbo/ˈhaɪ̯.tən/elevar
implant verbo/ɪmˈplɑːnt/hincar, implantar

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

EstructuraEn el vídeo
“Used to” used to + verbo — un hábito o estado pasado que ya no es ciertoused to be
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo haceis divided · are heightened
Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosaegg, which makes · pain, which makes

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: menstruation /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪʃən/, ovulation /ɑvjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, occasional /əˈkeɪʒ(ə)nəl/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: menstruation /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪʃən/, endometriosis /ˌɛndoʊˌmiːtɹiˈoʊsɪs/, ovulation /ɑvjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, premenstrual /pɹiˈmɛnztɹ(əw)əl/, occasional /əˈkeɪʒ(ə)nəl/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como menstrual, follicular, menstruation.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →