Shadowing Practice: Linguistic Relativity: How Language Shapes Thought - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Linguistic relativity theory suggests that the languages we pick up and use influence how we see the world - the perception of our surroundings, our sense of time, our memories, our behavior, and even our sense of self.
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First, there’s our perception.
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Each language has different words to describe the things around us and these differences change the way we perceive these things.
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For example, an Italian might see objects as male or female, while an English speaker won’t —a phenomenon that extends to the perception of space.
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The Kuuk Thaayorre, an aboriginal tribe, does not use left or right in their language.
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Instead, they rely on cardinal directions: North, East, South, and West.
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They might say “Pass me the salt on the South-west of the pepper”.
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It's probably no coincidence that they have supernatural navigational skills.
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There is the sense of time.
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Because languages are written in different directions, people who write left to right will perceive the sequence of events accordingly.
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Speakers of Arabic and Hebrew might do so the other way around.
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In the Amele language in Papua New Guinea, there are 3 forms of past tense: Today’s past tense, yesterday’s, and remote past tense.
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To use the correct verb, speakers need to pay close attention to when something has happened — and hence may perceive the past in greater detail.
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Language also affects our Memories.
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In English, if a child breaks a vase accidentally, we may say “he broke the vase” — putting the responsibility on the kid.
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In Spanish people would say “El jarrón se rompió” or “The vase broke” — giving more credit to the environment — a small difference with big consequences.
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Studies show that speakers of languages like Spanish that tend to consider these kinds of events accidental are less likely to recall the people involved.
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In languages that emphasize an intention, the actors are remembered more clearly.
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And if things end up in court the accused is more likely to be found guilty, if the language used during the trial is active, like English.
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Then there is our behavior.
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Languages are often associated with culture, and with the context in which it was learned.
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As a result, those who speak various languages, access different parts of themselves.
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One study on Spanish-English bilinguals showed that people exhibit different personality traits when switching their language.
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When speaking English, subjects were more agreeable, but when they switched to Spanish they were more neurotic.
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And finally, our sense of self.
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The words we speak also influence how we feel about ourselves.
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Self-affirming language for example activates brain areas linked to reward and self-perception and can increase our confidence — an effect that extends to how we perceive pain.
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Bilinguals report greater levels of pain when they speak the language to which they relate the most.
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The theory: if one language represents a bigger part of their identity, they also perceive the sensations inside their body with greater intensity.
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With about 7000 languages all around us, nobody knows exactly how they affect our minds.
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But they certainly frame our thoughts and influence the way we look at the world.
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In Thai for example, the word for heart, 'jai', is woven into their language to describe a variety of human traits.
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Someone friendly is “jai dee”, literally a good heart.
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Someone that’s patient is “jai yen” a "cool heart " and someone generous, is “jai gwang” a "big heart”.
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As Benjamin Lee Whorf, the linguist behind the theory wrote: "Language is not merely a reproducing instrument for voicing ideas but rather is itself the shaper of ideas, the program and guide for the individual's mental activity." So, if you ever learn a new language, remember: you're not just learning new words.
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You're opening your mind to a new way of seeing and interacting with the world.
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What do you think?
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Do you speak more than one language?
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And if so, do you feel like your behavior changes when you switch between them?
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Tell us your thoughts and experiences in the comments below!
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This video was brought to you by wiseone.io Wiseone is an all-in-one browser extension that offers a new way of reading and exploring information online.
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It consists of 5 useful features: Focus helps you understand complex concepts and words. Cross-check helps you access factual and reliable sources reporting on the same subject to get diverse perspectives.
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Ask Anything simplifies complex information into understandable and sourced answers from the web.
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Summarize helps you read more efficiently without losing information by providing key takeaways to remember. And Explore provides articles and videos from diverse sources to deepen your understanding of a topic.
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WiseOne is free and available in different languages and also works on PDFs!
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All of this makes Wiseone an excellent tool for learning new things, developing your critical thinking, and getting answers to your most complex questions. To install Wiseone, visit https://wiseone.io/, click the "Add on Chrome" button, and install the extension. That's it! Try it now! Wiseone.io If you found this helpful, check out our other videos and subscribe.
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If you want to support our work, join us on patreon.com/sprouts.
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For more information and additional contents, visit sproutsschools.com
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “Linguistic Relativity: How Language Shapes Thought”. Las palabras que más se repiten: language, wiseone, perceive, English, word. Este vídeo tiene 48 frases y 869 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 6:30. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 134 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 81 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| perceive verbo | /pɚˈsiv/ | percibir, apercibirse de |
| vase sustantivo | /veɪ̯s/ | jarrón, florero |
| tense sustantivo | /tɛns/ | tiempo |
| bilingual adjetivo | /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ | bilingüe |
| trait sustantivo | /tɹeɪt/ | rasgo, característica |
| affirm verbo | /əˈfɝm/ | afirmar |
| agreeable adjetivo | /əˈɡɹiəbəl/ | lisonjero, agradable |
| deepen verbo | /ˈdiːpən/ | ahondar |
| linguist sustantivo | /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/ | lingüista |
| neurotic adjetivo | /n(j)ʊəˈɹɒtɪk/ | neurótico |
| relativity sustantivo | /ɹɛl.əˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/ | relatividad |
| shaper sustantivo | /ˈʃeɪpə(ɹ)/ | limadora |
| simplify verbo | /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ | simplificar |
| sprout sustantivo | /spɹaʊt/ | brote, retoño |
| summarize verbo | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | resumir |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| check out verbo | investigar, chequear |
| pick up verbo | coger, asir |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | are written · are remembered · be found |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | people who write · those who speak |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 3 contracciones y formas reducidas, como you're, won't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: shaper /ˈʃeɪpə(ɹ)/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: relativity /ɹɛl.əˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/, aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəl/, supernatural /ˌsu.pəɹˈnæ.tʃə.ɹəl/, coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/, accordingly /əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: perceive /pɚˈsiv/, vase /veɪ̯s/, relativity /ɹɛl.əˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/, weave /wiːv/, verb /vɝb/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, emphasize /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/, accuse /əˈkjuz/, surroundings /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/, browser /ˈbɹaʊ.zəɹ/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəl/, jar /d͡ʒɑː/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como perceive, vase, tense.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.