シャドーイング練習: Linguistic Relativity: How Language Shapes Thought - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Linguistic relativity theory suggests that the languages we pick up and use influence how we see the world - the perception of our surroundings, our sense of time, our memories, our behavior, and even our sense of self.
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First, there’s our perception.
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Each language has different words to describe the things around us and these differences change the way we perceive these things.
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For example, an Italian might see objects as male or female, while an English speaker won’t —a phenomenon that extends to the perception of space.
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The Kuuk Thaayorre, an aboriginal tribe, does not use left or right in their language.
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Instead, they rely on cardinal directions: North, East, South, and West.
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They might say “Pass me the salt on the South-west of the pepper”.
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It's probably no coincidence that they have supernatural navigational skills.
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There is the sense of time.
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Because languages are written in different directions, people who write left to right will perceive the sequence of events accordingly.
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Speakers of Arabic and Hebrew might do so the other way around.
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In the Amele language in Papua New Guinea, there are 3 forms of past tense: Today’s past tense, yesterday’s, and remote past tense.
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To use the correct verb, speakers need to pay close attention to when something has happened — and hence may perceive the past in greater detail.
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Language also affects our Memories.
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In English, if a child breaks a vase accidentally, we may say “he broke the vase” — putting the responsibility on the kid.
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In Spanish people would say “El jarrón se rompió” or “The vase broke” — giving more credit to the environment — a small difference with big consequences.
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Studies show that speakers of languages like Spanish that tend to consider these kinds of events accidental are less likely to recall the people involved.
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In languages that emphasize an intention, the actors are remembered more clearly.
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And if things end up in court the accused is more likely to be found guilty, if the language used during the trial is active, like English.
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Then there is our behavior.
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Languages are often associated with culture, and with the context in which it was learned.
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As a result, those who speak various languages, access different parts of themselves.
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One study on Spanish-English bilinguals showed that people exhibit different personality traits when switching their language.
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When speaking English, subjects were more agreeable, but when they switched to Spanish they were more neurotic.
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And finally, our sense of self.
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The words we speak also influence how we feel about ourselves.
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Self-affirming language for example activates brain areas linked to reward and self-perception and can increase our confidence — an effect that extends to how we perceive pain.
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Bilinguals report greater levels of pain when they speak the language to which they relate the most.
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The theory: if one language represents a bigger part of their identity, they also perceive the sensations inside their body with greater intensity.
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With about 7000 languages all around us, nobody knows exactly how they affect our minds.
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But they certainly frame our thoughts and influence the way we look at the world.
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In Thai for example, the word for heart, 'jai', is woven into their language to describe a variety of human traits.
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Someone friendly is “jai dee”, literally a good heart.
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Someone that’s patient is “jai yen” a "cool heart " and someone generous, is “jai gwang” a "big heart”.
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As Benjamin Lee Whorf, the linguist behind the theory wrote: "Language is not merely a reproducing instrument for voicing ideas but rather is itself the shaper of ideas, the program and guide for the individual's mental activity." So, if you ever learn a new language, remember: you're not just learning new words.
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You're opening your mind to a new way of seeing and interacting with the world.
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What do you think?
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Do you speak more than one language?
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And if so, do you feel like your behavior changes when you switch between them?
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Tell us your thoughts and experiences in the comments below!
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この動画は誰におすすめ？

英語学習者で、IELTS スピーキング対策をしている人や、言語の背景から思考法を理解したい中級～上級者に最適です。言語と思考の関係を深く掘り下げる内容は、話す際の論理構築や文化的背景の理解にもつながり、shadow speech（シャドーイング）の練習素材としても優れています。

覚えておきたいフレーズとイディオム

  • "Linguistic relativity"：言語相対性。言語が思考を形作る理論を指します。
  • "cardinal directions"：基本方位（北・東・南・西）。Kuuk Thaayorre族の例で使われています。
  • "self-affirming language"：自己肯定的な言葉。自信を高める効果があるとされます。

これらのフレーズは、スピーキングで高度な話題を展開する際に役立ちます。

アクセントを正確にするコツ

この動画のスピーカーは明瞭な発音で話していますが、特に注意すべき点は単語の強勢です。例えば"navigational"は「ナビゲイショナル」ではなく「ナビゲイショナル」（強勢は2番目の音节）、"phenomenon"は「フェノメナン」ではなく「フェノメノン」と発音します。shadow speakの練習時には、スピーカーのリズムに合わせて口を動かし、発音のタイミングを捉えることが重要です。shadowing siteを利用して繰り返し練習すると、自然なアクセントが身につきます。

また、文中の接続詞（"however"、"as a result"など）の発音は軽くし、文の流れをスムーズにすることで、ネイティブらしい話し方に近づけます。shadowingの際は、録音を少し遅らせて追って話すのではなく、ほぼ同時に発声することで、脳と口の連携を鍛えましょう。

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるare written · are remembered · be found
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加えるpeople who write · those who speak

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →