Shadowing Practice: Linguistic Relativity: How Language Shapes Thought - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Linguistic relativity theory suggests that the languages we pick up and use influence how we see the world - the perception of our surroundings, our sense of time, our memories, our behavior, and even our sense of self.
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First, there’s our perception.
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Each language has different words to describe the things around us and these differences change the way we perceive these things.
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For example, an Italian might see objects as male or female, while an English speaker won’t —a phenomenon that extends to the perception of space.
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The Kuuk Thaayorre, an aboriginal tribe, does not use left or right in their language.
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Instead, they rely on cardinal directions: North, East, South, and West.
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They might say “Pass me the salt on the South-west of the pepper”.
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It's probably no coincidence that they have supernatural navigational skills.
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There is the sense of time.
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Because languages are written in different directions, people who write left to right will perceive the sequence of events accordingly.
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Speakers of Arabic and Hebrew might do so the other way around.
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In the Amele language in Papua New Guinea, there are 3 forms of past tense: Today’s past tense, yesterday’s, and remote past tense.
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To use the correct verb, speakers need to pay close attention to when something has happened — and hence may perceive the past in greater detail.
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Language also affects our Memories.
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In English, if a child breaks a vase accidentally, we may say “he broke the vase” — putting the responsibility on the kid.
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In Spanish people would say “El jarrón se rompió” or “The vase broke” — giving more credit to the environment — a small difference with big consequences.
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Studies show that speakers of languages like Spanish that tend to consider these kinds of events accidental are less likely to recall the people involved.
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In languages that emphasize an intention, the actors are remembered more clearly.
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And if things end up in court the accused is more likely to be found guilty, if the language used during the trial is active, like English.
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Then there is our behavior.
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Languages are often associated with culture, and with the context in which it was learned.
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As a result, those who speak various languages, access different parts of themselves.
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One study on Spanish-English bilinguals showed that people exhibit different personality traits when switching their language.
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When speaking English, subjects were more agreeable, but when they switched to Spanish they were more neurotic.
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And finally, our sense of self.
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The words we speak also influence how we feel about ourselves.
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Self-affirming language for example activates brain areas linked to reward and self-perception and can increase our confidence — an effect that extends to how we perceive pain.
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Bilinguals report greater levels of pain when they speak the language to which they relate the most.
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The theory: if one language represents a bigger part of their identity, they also perceive the sensations inside their body with greater intensity.
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With about 7000 languages all around us, nobody knows exactly how they affect our minds.
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But they certainly frame our thoughts and influence the way we look at the world.
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In Thai for example, the word for heart, 'jai', is woven into their language to describe a variety of human traits.
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Someone friendly is “jai dee”, literally a good heart.
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Someone that’s patient is “jai yen” a "cool heart " and someone generous, is “jai gwang” a "big heart”.
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As Benjamin Lee Whorf, the linguist behind the theory wrote: "Language is not merely a reproducing instrument for voicing ideas but rather is itself the shaper of ideas, the program and guide for the individual's mental activity." So, if you ever learn a new language, remember: you're not just learning new words.
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You're opening your mind to a new way of seeing and interacting with the world.
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What do you think?
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Do you speak more than one language?
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And if so, do you feel like your behavior changes when you switch between them?
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Tell us your thoughts and experiences in the comments below!
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This video was brought to you by wiseone.io Wiseone is an all-in-one browser extension that offers a new way of reading  and exploring information online.
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It consists of 5 useful features: Focus helps you understand complex concepts and words. Cross-check helps you access factual and reliable sources reporting on  the same subject to get diverse perspectives.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les

Deze spreekles op niveau C1 is gebaseerd op de video “Linguistic Relativity: How Language Shapes Thought”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: language, wiseone, perceive, English, word. Deze video bevat 48 zinnen en 869 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 6:30. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 134 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. Slechts 81% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.

Belangrijke woorden in deze video

De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:

WoordUitspraakBetekenis
perceive werkwoord/pɚˈsiv/waarnemen
vase zelfstandig naamwoord/veɪ̯s/vaas
tense zelfstandig naamwoord/tɛns/tijd, tempus
bilingual bijvoeglijk naamwoord/baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/tweetalig
trait zelfstandig naamwoord/tɹeɪt/karaktereigenschap trek
deepen werkwoord/ˈdiːpən/verdiepen
linguist zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/taalkundige, linguïst
neurotic bijvoeglijk naamwoord/n(j)ʊəˈɹɒtɪk/neurotisch
shaper zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈʃeɪpə(ɹ)/schaafbank
simplify werkwoord/ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/vereenvoudigen, versimpelen
sprout zelfstandig naamwoord/spɹaʊt/scheut, spruit
summarize werkwoord/ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/samenvatten, opsommen
takeaway zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈteɪkəweɪ/afhaalmaaltijd
weave werkwoord/wiːv/weven
factual bijvoeglijk naamwoord/ˈfæk.tʃ(u)əl/feitelijk

Phrasal verbs die je zult horen

WoordBetekenis
check out werkwoordonderzoeken
pick up werkwoordoppakken, optillen

Grammatica in deze video

De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:

StructuurIn de video
Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doetare written · are remembered · be found
Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of dingpeople who write · those who speak

Uitspraak om op te letten

De spreker gebruikt 3 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals you're, won't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.

  • De klanken “sh” en “zh”: shaper /ˈʃeɪpə(ɹ)/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/
  • Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: relativity /ɹɛl.əˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/, aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəl/, supernatural /ˌsu.pəɹˈnæ.tʃə.ɹəl/, coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/, accordingly /əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/

Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:

  • Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: perceive /pɚˈsiv/, summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, weave /wiːv/, emphasize /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/, accuse /əˈkjuz/
  • /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: factual /ˈfæk.tʃ(u)əl/, activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/, aboriginal /ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪ.nəl/, accidental /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛn.tl̩/, supernatural /ˌsu.pəɹˈnæ.tʃə.ɹəl/
  • /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: bilingual /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/, agreeable /əˈɡɹiəbəl/, linguist /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/, linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/

Zo oefen je met deze video

  1. Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
  2. Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
  3. Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als perceive, vase, tense.

Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?

Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.

Shadowing-techniek: lees de volledige stap-voor-stap-gids →