Shadowing Practice: Early Childhood Education: The Research - Learn English Speaking with Video

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What a child experiences during the first years of their life has a lasting impact on the development of their brain.
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While genes set the roadmap, experiences create the neural connection inside the brain that sets the foundations of our emotions,
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language, motor skills, vision and memories.
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If one region gets additional stimulation, the neural pathways within that area and the connections to other areas grow stronger stronger.
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This process is called synaptic pruning.
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You can also imagine your brain as a planet.
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There is Motorskill Metropolis, Memory Mountain and Vision Village.
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Through the years, populous cities grow bigger and links between them get larger.
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Now, if one area was never developed, there can be traffic jams.
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This then slows down the development of the entire brain.
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Some neurotransmitters will be tired getting to work.
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Others will take shortcuts and get lost.
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Betty Hart and Todd Risley studied children's exposure to language.
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On average, children from families on welfare were exposed to about 600 words per hour.
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Kids from rich families got about 2,000.
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By the age of 3, the gap becomes 30 million words.
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But it didn't end there.
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Children from privileged families received much more positive feedback.
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For every six words of praise, there was only one word of discouragement.
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Welfare kids, however, had twice as much discouragement as praise.
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This could make a difference that lasts a lifetime.
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In a study that began in 1963, psychologist David Wyckart and his team randomly divided 123 underprivileged kids into two groups.
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One group spent two years at a top preschool with excellent teachers.
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They made art, discussed problems and received a lot of attention, respect and love.
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For the other, life went on as usual, often without much attention from anyone.
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40 years later, the Highscope Perry Preschool Study was published.
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At age 5, 67% of the children in the top preschool group had an IQ of over 90.
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They were school ready.
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Of the others, only 28% achieved that.
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At 14, there was a big difference in basic classroom achievements.
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At 27, the top preschool group were more likely to own their own home.
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And at age 40, they earned more money and were less likely to ever be sentenced to jail.
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The researchers concluded that the two years at preschool nourished the children not only intellectually, but also gave them social skills, courage and perseverance.
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This combination of character strength, also called grit, was later responsible for their success in life.
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The $15,000 invested in putting those kids into preschool later benefited the entire society, mainly through a reduction in crime.
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The total return of investment was estimated to be at $195,000.
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In 2006, Nobel Prize winning economist James Heckman published what became known as the Heckman Curve.
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It chose the return of investments in education, which is the highest in the early years.
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Governments have since started to act.
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In Germany, parents get a lot of financial support to raise their kids.
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In Japan, mothers or fathers can take a full year of paid leave.
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In France, all children go to kindergarten free of charge.
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If you happen to be in charge, know that with every extra minute you spend encouraging and talking to that little troublemaker, you might be doing him a favor for life.
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According to the University of Michigan, regular family dinners are a stronger predictor of good grades than doing homework.
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Thank you.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “Early Childhood Education: The Research”. Las palabras que más se repiten: preschool, brain, word, stronger, families. Este vídeo tiene 45 frases y 554 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:05. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 136 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
preschool adjetivo/ˈpɹiːskuːl/preescolar
neural adjetivo/ˈnʊɹəl/neural
intellectually adverbiointelectualmente
neurotransmitter sustantivoneurotransmisor
nourish verbo/ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/nutrir
perseverance sustantivo/ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/perseverancia
populous adjetivo/ˈpɑpjələs/poblado, populoso
shortcut sustantivo/ˈʃɔːtkʌt/atajo, atrecho
synaptic adjetivo/sɪˈnæp.tɪk/sináptico
troublemaker sustantivo/ˈtɹʌbəlˌmeɪkə(ɹ)/alborotador, bullanguero
underprivileged sustantivodesamparado, desfavorecido
stimulation sustantivo/stɪm.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/estimulación
pathway sustantivo/ˈpæθˌweɪ/camino, sendero
kindergarten sustantivo/ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/kínder, preescolar
psychologist sustantivo/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/psicólogo, psicóloga

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

PalabraSignificado
slow down verbodesacelerar, decelerar

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: nourish /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/, shortcut /ˈʃɔːtkʌt/, stimulation /stɪm.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: perseverance /ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/, troublemaker /ˈtɹʌbəlˌmeɪkə(ɹ)/, stimulation /stɪm.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/, kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como preschool, neural, intellectually.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →