Shadowing Practice: Early Childhood Education: The Research - Learn English Speaking with Video

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1
What a child experiences during the first years of their life has a lasting impact on the development of their brain.
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While genes set the roadmap, experiences create the neural connection inside the brain that sets the foundations of our emotions,
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language, motor skills, vision and memories.
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If one region gets additional stimulation, the neural pathways within that area and the connections to other areas grow stronger stronger.
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This process is called synaptic pruning.
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You can also imagine your brain as a planet.
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There is Motorskill Metropolis, Memory Mountain and Vision Village.
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Through the years, populous cities grow bigger and links between them get larger.
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Now, if one area was never developed, there can be traffic jams.
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This then slows down the development of the entire brain.
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Some neurotransmitters will be tired getting to work.
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Others will take shortcuts and get lost.
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Betty Hart and Todd Risley studied children's exposure to language.
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On average, children from families on welfare were exposed to about 600 words per hour.
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Kids from rich families got about 2,000.
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By the age of 3, the gap becomes 30 million words.
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But it didn't end there.
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Children from privileged families received much more positive feedback.
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For every six words of praise, there was only one word of discouragement.
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Welfare kids, however, had twice as much discouragement as praise.
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This could make a difference that lasts a lifetime.
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In a study that began in 1963, psychologist David Wyckart and his team randomly divided 123 underprivileged kids into two groups.
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One group spent two years at a top preschool with excellent teachers.
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They made art, discussed problems and received a lot of attention, respect and love.
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For the other, life went on as usual, often without much attention from anyone.
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40 years later, the Highscope Perry Preschool Study was published.
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At age 5, 67% of the children in the top preschool group had an IQ of over 90.
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They were school ready.
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Of the others, only 28% achieved that.
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At 14, there was a big difference in basic classroom achievements.
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At 27, the top preschool group were more likely to own their own home.
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And at age 40, they earned more money and were less likely to ever be sentenced to jail.
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The researchers concluded that the two years at preschool nourished the children not only intellectually, but also gave them social skills, courage and perseverance.
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This combination of character strength, also called grit, was later responsible for their success in life.
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The $15,000 invested in putting those kids into preschool later benefited the entire society, mainly through a reduction in crime.
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The total return of investment was estimated to be at $195,000.
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In 2006, Nobel Prize winning economist James Heckman published what became known as the Heckman Curve.
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It chose the return of investments in education, which is the highest in the early years.
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Governments have since started to act.
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In Germany, parents get a lot of financial support to raise their kids.
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In Japan, mothers or fathers can take a full year of paid leave.
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In France, all children go to kindergarten free of charge.
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If you happen to be in charge, know that with every extra minute you spend encouraging and talking to that little troublemaker, you might be doing him a favor for life.
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According to the University of Michigan, regular family dinners are a stronger predictor of good grades than doing homework.
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Thank you.

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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu C1 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Early Childhood Education: The Research” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: preschool, brain, word, stronger, families. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 45 cümle ve 554 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 4:05 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 136 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin %83’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodaki en ileri düzey 13 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

KelimeTelaffuzAnlam
preschool sıfat/ˈpɹiːskuːl/okul öncesi
nourish fiil/ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/beslemek
perseverance isim/ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/azim, tahammül
shortcut isim/ˈʃɔːtkʌt/kestirme, kestirme yol
troublemaker isim/ˈtɹʌbəlˌmeɪkə(ɹ)/başağrısı, baş belası
pathway isim/ˈpæθˌweɪ/patika, yolak
kindergarten isim/ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/anasınıfı
psychologist isim/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/psikolog
economist isim/iˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ekonomist, iktisatçı
conclude fiil/kənˈkluːd/bitirmek
researcher isim/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/araştırmacı, araştırıcı
randomly zarf/ˈɹændm̩li/rastgele
expose fiil/ɪkˈspoʊz/açığa çıkarmak

Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller

KelimeAnlam
slow down fiilyavaşlamak

Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar

  • “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: nourish /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/, shortcut /ˈʃɔːtkʌt/, stimulation /stɪm.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/
  • Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: perseverance /ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/, troublemaker /ˈtɹʌbəlˌmeɪkə(ɹ)/, stimulation /stɪm.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/, kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/

Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:

  • Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: preschool /ˈpɹiːskuːl/, predictor /pɹɪˈdɪk.tɚ/, troublemaker /ˈtɹʌbəlˌmeɪkə(ɹ)/, stimulation /stɪm.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/
  • /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: synaptic /sɪˈnæp.tɪk/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/, randomly /ˈɹændm̩li/

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

  1. Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
  2. Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
  3. Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; preschool, nourish, perseverance gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

Shadowing tekniği: adım adım eksiksiz rehberi okuyun →