跟讀練習: Early Childhood Education: The Research - 通過影片學習英語口語
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What a child experiences during the first years of their life has a lasting impact on the development of their brain.
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While genes set the roadmap, experiences create the neural connection inside the brain that sets the foundations of our emotions,
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language, motor skills, vision and memories.
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If one region gets additional stimulation, the neural pathways within that area and the connections to other areas grow stronger stronger.
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This process is called synaptic pruning.
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You can also imagine your brain as a planet.
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There is Motorskill Metropolis, Memory Mountain and Vision Village.
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Through the years, populous cities grow bigger and links between them get larger.
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Now, if one area was never developed, there can be traffic jams.
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This then slows down the development of the entire brain.
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Some neurotransmitters will be tired getting to work.
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Others will take shortcuts and get lost.
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Betty Hart and Todd Risley studied children's exposure to language.
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On average, children from families on welfare were exposed to about 600 words per hour.
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Kids from rich families got about 2,000.
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By the age of 3, the gap becomes 30 million words.
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But it didn't end there.
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Children from privileged families received much more positive feedback.
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For every six words of praise, there was only one word of discouragement.
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Welfare kids, however, had twice as much discouragement as praise.
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This could make a difference that lasts a lifetime.
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In a study that began in 1963, psychologist David Wyckart and his team randomly divided 123 underprivileged kids into two groups.
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One group spent two years at a top preschool with excellent teachers.
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They made art, discussed problems and received a lot of attention, respect and love.
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For the other, life went on as usual, often without much attention from anyone.
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40 years later, the Highscope Perry Preschool Study was published.
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At age 5, 67% of the children in the top preschool group had an IQ of over 90.
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They were school ready.
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Of the others, only 28% achieved that.
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At 14, there was a big difference in basic classroom achievements.
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At 27, the top preschool group were more likely to own their own home.
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And at age 40, they earned more money and were less likely to ever be sentenced to jail.
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The researchers concluded that the two years at preschool nourished the children not only intellectually, but also gave them social skills, courage and perseverance.
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This combination of character strength, also called grit, was later responsible for their success in life.
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The $15,000 invested in putting those kids into preschool later benefited the entire society, mainly through a reduction in crime.
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The total return of investment was estimated to be at $195,000.
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In 2006, Nobel Prize winning economist James Heckman published what became known as the Heckman Curve.
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It chose the return of investments in education, which is the highest in the early years.
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Governments have since started to act.
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In Germany, parents get a lot of financial support to raise their kids.
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In Japan, mothers or fathers can take a full year of paid leave.
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In France, all children go to kindergarten free of charge.
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If you happen to be in charge, know that with every extra minute you spend encouraging and talking to that little troublemaker, you might be doing him a favor for life.
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According to the University of Michigan, regular family dinners are a stronger predictor of good grades than doing homework.
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Thank you.
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關於本課
在本節課中,您將學習如何通過早期教育對大腦發展產生的深遠影響來提高您的英語口語能力。我們將重點關注兒童語言暴露、情感支援和社會技能的重要性。這些主題不僅有助於您理解人類發展,還會為您提供豐富的詞彙,幫助您在雅思口語練習中更自信地表達自己的觀點。同時,您還可以藉助本教程中的元素,進行英語影子跟讀,以提升您的口語流利度和聽力理解。
重點詞彙和短語
- 大腦發育 (brain development)
- 神經連線 (neural connections)
- 語言暴露 (language exposure)
- 積極反饋 (positive feedback)
- 社交技能 (social skills)
- 毅力 (grit)
- 投資回報 (return on investment)
- 早期教育 (early childhood education)
練習技巧
在學習本節課的內容時,特別推薦您嘗試 英語影子跟讀 的練習方法。您可以跟隨影片的節奏,重複其中的句子,以提高您的語音和語調。在這個影片中,講者的語速適中,適合模仿。嘗試分段聽取並跟讀,首先專注於瞭解其意義,然後再注重發音和語調的準確性。同時,觀看看YouTube學英語的相關影片,讓自己融入真實的語境中。每一次shadow speak的練習都能為您的雅思口語練習打下堅實的基礎,提升您與人交流的自信心和能力。
什麼是跟讀法?
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧,最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓,並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大:您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同,跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性,語調,節奏,連讀,聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。












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