Shadowing Practice: Reading Explorer 1, Unit-10 City in the Clouds - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Machu Picchu is an ancient city hidden away in the mountains in South America.
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Located northwest of Cusco, Peru, Machu Picchu was constructed by the Inca people over 500 years ago.
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At its most powerful, the Inca Empire stretched about 2,500 miles along South America's Pacific coast,
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from modern-day Ecuador down to Chile.
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This distance is nearly the horizontal width of the United States.
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Machu Picchu once stood at the center of this empire,
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and today, it is one of Peru's best preserved archaeological sites.
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It is also an impressive example of Incan engineering.
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In Machu Picchu, the Inca built grand palaces, plazas and temples out of stone.
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And they did this without using wheels or metal tools.
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One special aspect of its construction is the way the Inca built walls.
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They did not use any sticky substance to make the blocks of stone stick together.
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Instead, the stones were cut so precisely that they fit together tightly.
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Machu Picchu is located on two fault lines, so there are often earthquakes there.
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But because of the way the stones were cut,
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during an earthquake, the stones in the walls move slightly and then fall back into position again.
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This is perhaps why the ruins are so well preserved.
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Although local communities knew about Machu Picchu, it remained unknown to the outside world for hundreds of years.
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Even the Spanish who invaded the Incas' lands in the 16th century never came across the site.
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It wasn't until 1911 when Melkor Arteaga,
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a local farmer, showed the site to Yale University professor Hiram Bingham
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that the ruins of Machu Picchu became known to the public.
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Bingham and other explorers after him spent much of their lives studying Machu Picchu and learning more about the Inca Empire.
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In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the new Seven Wonders of the World.
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Today, visitors from around the world come here to walk in the footsteps of the amazing Inca people.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 25 frases y 324 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:04. El hablante habla despacio, unas 105 palabras por minuto, así que hay tiempo para imitar cada sonido. Solo el 77 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| ruin sustantivo | /ˈɹuː.ɪn/ | ruina |
| preserve verbo | /pɹəˈzɝv/ | preservar |
| earthquake sustantivo | /ˈɝθkweɪk/ | terremoto |
| locate verbo | /ˈloʊˌkeɪt/ | ubicar, colocar |
| impressive adjetivo | /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ | impresionante |
| palace sustantivo | /ˈpælɪs/ | palacio |
| temple sustantivo | /ˈtɛm.pl̩/ | templo |
| aspect sustantivo | /ˈæspɛkt/ | aspecto |
| stretch verbo | /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ | estirar |
| substance sustantivo | /ˈsʌbstəns/ | sustancia, substancia |
| precisely adverbio | /pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/ | precisamente, a rajatabla |
| farmer sustantivo | /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ | granjero, granjera |
| northwest sustantivo | /nɔɹθˈwɛst/ | noroeste, nordoeste |
| width sustantivo | /ˈwɪtθ/ | anchura, ancheza |
| visitor sustantivo | /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/ | visita |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| come across verbo | pasarse a |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “th”: earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, northwest /nɔɹθˈwɛst/, width /ˈwɪtθ/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como ruin, preserve, earthquake.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.