Shadowing Practice: "每当我身处低谷，我就会听这段讲话”【乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲】中英大字幕/英语长句快语速 Steve Jobs' Stanford Speech - Learn English Speaking with Video
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196 oraciones
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1
Thank you.
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Thank you.
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I'm Honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world.
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Truth be told, I never graduated from college.
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And this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.
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Today, I want to tell you three stories from my life.
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That's it.
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No big deal.
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Just three stories.
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The first story...
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is about connecting the dots.
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I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months, but then stayed around as a drop -in for another 18 months or so before I really quit.
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So why'd I drop out?
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It started before I was born.
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My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student and she decided to put me up for adoption.
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She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates So everything was all set.
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for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife.
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Except that when I popped out, they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl.
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So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, We've got an unexpected baby boy Do you want him?
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They said, "Of course."
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My biological mother found out later that my mother had never graduated from college
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and that my father had never graduated from high school.
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she refused to sign the final adoption papers.
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She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would go to college.
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This was the start.
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in my life.
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- Thank you.
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And 17 years later, I did go to college.
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But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford.
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and all of my working class parent savings were being spent on my college tuition.
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After six months, I couldn't see the value in it.
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I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.
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And here I was, spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life.
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So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out okay.
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It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back, it was one of the best decisions I ever made.
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The minute I dropped out, I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me
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and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting.
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It wasn't all romantic.
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I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends rooms.
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I returned Coke bottles for the five -cent deposits to buy food with.
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and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night
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to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.
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I loved it.
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And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on.
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Let me give you one example.
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Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country.
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Throughout the campus, every poster, every label on every drawer was beautifully hand -calligraphed.
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Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this.
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I learned about serif and sans serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great.
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It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture.
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and I found it fascinating.
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None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life.
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But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, It all came back to me.
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And we designed it all into the Mac.
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It was the first computer with beautiful typography.
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if I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts.
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And since Windows just copied the Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them.
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If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do.
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Of course, it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college.
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But it was very, very clear looking backwards 10 years later.
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Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward.
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You can only connect them looking backwards.
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So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.
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You have to trust in something, your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever.
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because believing that the dots will connect down the road
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will give you the confidence to follow your heart even when it leads you off the well -worn path.
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and that will make all the difference.
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Thank you.
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My second story is about love and loss.
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- The President of the United States, I was lucky.
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I found what I love to do early in life.
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Waz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20.
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We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage
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into a $2 billion company with over 4 ,000 employees.
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We just released our finest creation, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and I just turned 30.
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And then I got fired.
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How can you get fired from a company you started?
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Well?
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As Apple grew, we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me.
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And for the first year or so, things went well.
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But then our visions of the future began to diverge, and eventually we had a falling out.
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When we did, our board of directors sided with him.
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And so at 30, I was out.
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and very publicly out.
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What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.
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I really didn't know what to do for a few months.
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I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down, that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me.
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I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly.
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I was a very public failure and I even thought about running away from the valley.
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But something slowly began to dawn on me.
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I still loved what I did.
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- Thank you.
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The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit.
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I'd been rejected, but I was still in love.
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And so I decided to start over.
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I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me.
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The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again less sure about everything.
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It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.
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During the next five years I started a company named Next
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Another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.
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Pixar went on to create the world's first computer animated feature film, Toy Story.
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and is now the most successful animation studio in the world.
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In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought next, and I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed it next is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance.
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And Lorene and I have a wonderful family together.
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I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple.
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It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it.
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sometime life sometimes life's gonna hit you in the head with a brick Don't lose faith.
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I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.
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You've got to find what you love.
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And that is as true for work as it is for your lovers.
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Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work.
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And the only way to do great work is to love what you do.
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If you haven't found it yet, keep looking and don't settle.
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As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it.
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And like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on.
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So keep looking.
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Don't settle.
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My third story is about death.
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When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like, If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right.
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It made an impression on me.
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And since then, for the past 33 years, I've looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, If today were the last day of my life, what I want to do,
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what I am about to do today.
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and whenever the answer has been no for too many days in a row I know I need to change something.
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Remembering
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that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life.
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Because almost everything All external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure,
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These things just fall away in the face of death.
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leaving only what is truly important, Remembering
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that you are going to die is the best way I
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know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose.
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You are already naked.
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There is no reason not to follow your heart.
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About a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer.
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I had a scan at 7 :30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas.
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I didn't even know what a pancreas was.
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The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable.
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and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months.
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My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order.
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which is doctor's code for prepare to die.
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It means to try and tell your kids everything.
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You thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them.
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in just a few months.
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It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family.
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It means to say your goodbyes.
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Yes.
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I live with that diagnosis all day.
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Later that evening, I had a biopsy where they stuck an endoscope down my throat.
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through my stomach and into my intestines.
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put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor.
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I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope, the doctor started crying.
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because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery.
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I had the surgery.
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And thankfully, I'm fine now.
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Mm This was the closest I've been to facing death.
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and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades.
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Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than
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when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept.
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No one wants to die.
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Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there.
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And yet, death is the destination we all share.
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No one has ever escaped it.
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And that is as it should be because death is very likely the single best invention of life.
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It's life's change agent.
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It clears out the old to make way for the new.
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Right now, the new is you.
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But someday, not too long from now, you will gradually become the old, and be cleared away.
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Sorry to be so dramatic.
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but it's quite true.
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Your time is limited.
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So don't waste it living someone else's life.
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Don't be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people's thinking.
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Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice.
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and most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition.
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They somehow already know what you truly want to become.
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everything else is secondary Thank you.
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Thank you.
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When I was young, There was an amazing publication called the Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the Bibles of my generation.
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It was created by a fellow named Stuart Brand, not far from here in Menlo Park and he brought it to life with his poetic touch.
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This was in the late 60s, before personal computers and desktop publishing So it was all made with typewriters, scissors and Polaroid cameras.
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It was sort of like Google in paperback form 35 years before Google came along.
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It was idealistic.
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overflowing with neat tools and great notions.
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Stewart and his team put out several issues of the Whole Earth Catalog.
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And then, when it had run its course, they put out a final issue.
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It was the mid -1970s and I was your age.
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On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road
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the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.
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Beneath it were the words: Stay hungry.
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Stay foolish.
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It was their farewell message as they signed off.
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Stay hungry.
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Stay foolish.
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And I have always wished that for myself.
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And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.
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Stay hungry, stay foolish.
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Thank you all very much.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “"每当我身处低谷，我就会听这段讲话”【乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲】中英大字幕/英语长句快语速 Steve Jobs' Stanford Speech”. Este vídeo tiene 196 frases y 2277 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 14:19. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 159 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| calligraphy sustantivo | /kəˈlɪɡɹəfi/ | caligrafía, calografía |
| pancreas sustantivo | /ˈpæŋ.kɹi.əs/ | páncreas |
| typography sustantivo | /taɪˈpɑɡɹəfi/ | tipografía |
| foolish adjetivo | /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/ | tonto, necio |
| serif sustantivo | /ˈsɛɹɪf/ | gracia, remate |
| typeface sustantivo | /ˈtaɪpˌfeɪs/ | familia tipográfica |
| intuition sustantivo | /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/ | intuición |
| backward adjetivo | /ˈbækwɚd/ | retrógrado |
| tumor sustantivo | /tuː.məɹ/ | tumor |
| someday adverbio | algún día | |
| adventurous adjetivo | /ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.əs/ | intrépido, aventurero |
| animate adjetivo | /ˈæn.ə.mət/ | animado |
| artistically adverbio | /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪstɪkli/ | artísticamente |
| biopsy sustantivo | /ˈbaɪɑpsi/ | biopsia |
| calligraph verbo | /ˈkælɪɡɹæf/ | caligrafiar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| drop out verbo | marginarse |
| put out verbo | sacar |
| come along verbo | avanzar, marchar |
| fall out verbo | caerse |
| find out verbo | averiguar, anoticiarse |
| look back verbo | recordar, volver la cabeza |
| sign off verbo | firmar, aprobar |
| start over verbo | volver a empezar, empezar de cero |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- So why'd I drop out?
- How can you get fired from a company you started?
- I'd been rejected, but I was still in love.
- You've got to find what you love.
- I didn't even know what a pancreas was.
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | be told · was born · should be adopted |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | I've ever gotten · haven't found · I've looked |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | someone who I · woman who would · people who want |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 36 contracciones y formas reducidas, como don't, didn't, I'm. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, proportionally /pɹəˈpɔɹʃənəli/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/, tuition /tjuːˈɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡɹəfi/, typography /taɪˈpɑɡɹəfi/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, adventurous /ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.əs/, artistically /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪstɪkli/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: stumble /ˈstʌmbəl/, scan /skæn/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: adventurous /ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.əs/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/, diverge /daɪˈvɜːd͡ʒ/, heaviness /ˈhɛvɪnəs/, naively /naɪˈivli/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: scissors /ˈsɪzəz/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como calligraphy, pancreas, typography.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.