Shadowing Practice: Study shows how Earth's orbit affects Ice Ages - Learn English Speaking with Video

A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin in about 11 ,000 years,

unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.

An ice age is a period of reduced temperatures,

causing ice to cover large areas of the northern and southern parts of the world.

A group of scientists studied changes in the shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun,

the tilt of the Earth's axis, and the movement of the axis itself, called a wobble.

These three motions are believed to happen in cycles.

The Serbian scientist Mooletin Blankovic developed a theory about 100 years ago that these cycles affected Earth's long -term climate.

The team noted that small changes in Earth's orbit around the sun caused predictable cycles of warming

and cooling over a period of about 100 ,000 years.

These findings permitted the team to determine how the three factors of tilt,

wobble, and the shape of Earth's orbit might have affected the Earth's climate over the last 900 ,000 years.

The group published its findings in Science on February 27.

The scientists examined a million -year record of climate by looking

at ice sheets across the northern half of the world and deep ocean temperatures.

They then compared this data with small but regular changes in Earth's orbit over time.

The lead writer of this study is Stephen Barker, a professor at Cardiff University in Britain.

He told the French news agency AFP

that for many years it has been difficult for scientists to

show exactly how small changes in Earth's orbit have led to huge changes between warm and cold periods.

Earth is believed to go through cycles of ice ages and warm periods.

The last ice age is thought to have ended around 11 ,700 years ago.

Scientists, such as Milankovitch, have long seen a connection between Earth's orbit and climate.

However, researchers have struggled to precisely date when each of the climate changes happened.

It has also been difficult for them to know exactly

which orbit positions affect the start and stop of cold or warm periods.

Barker said his team of researchers studied slow changes in temperature

over long periods of time instead of only looking at shorter periods of change between cold and warm climates.

Barker told AFP, we would expect a glaciation to occur within the next 11 ,000 years,

and it would end in 66 ,000 years' time.

Lorraine Lizicki is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a co -writer of the study.

She said the study shows that changes in climate over tens of thousands of years are not random.

The team aims to expand its findings to investigate the long -term effects of human activity on climate.

They also want to find out how it might affect Earth's natural climate cycles.

I'm Andrew Smith.

A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin

in about 11 ,000 years unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Este vídeo tiene 37 frases y 485 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:44. El hablante habla despacio, unas 102 palabras por minuto, así que hay tiempo para imitar cada sonido. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
orbit sustantivo	/ˈɔɹ.bɪt/	órbita
scientist sustantivo	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	científico, científica
axis sustantivo	/ˈæksɪs/	eje
researcher sustantivo	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	investigador, investigadora
emission sustantivo	/ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/	emisión
tilt verbo	/tɪlt/	ladear, ladearse
occur verbo	/əˈkɜː/	ocurrir
compare verbo	/kəmˈpɛɚ/	comparar, parangonar
sheet sustantivo	/ʃit/	hoja, folio
expand verbo	/ɪkˈspænd/	ampliar
investigate verbo	/ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/	indagar
permit verbo	/pɚˈmɪt/	permitir
precisely adverbio	/pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/	precisamente, a rajatabla
examine verbo	/ɪɡˈzæmɪn/	examinar, analizar
predictable adjetivo	/pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/	predecible, predictible

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
find out verbo	averiguar, anoticiarse
go through verbo	atravesar

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

Estructura	En el vídeo
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora	has been · have led · have struggled
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace	are believed · is believed · is thought

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, sheet /ʃit/, glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃən/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, predictable /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/, glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃən/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como orbit, scientist, axis.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

Shadowing Practice: Study shows how Earth's orbit affects Ice Ages - Learn English Speaking with Video

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