跟读练习: Study shows how Earth's orbit affects Ice Ages - 通过视频学习英语口语
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37 句
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A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin in about 11 ,000 years,
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unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.
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An ice age is a period of reduced temperatures,
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causing ice to cover large areas of the northern and southern parts of the world.
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A group of scientists studied changes in the shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun,
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the tilt of the Earth's axis, and the movement of the axis itself, called a wobble.
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These three motions are believed to happen in cycles.
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The Serbian scientist Mooletin Blankovic developed a theory about 100 years ago that these cycles affected Earth's long -term climate.
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The team noted that small changes in Earth's orbit around the sun caused predictable cycles of warming
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and cooling over a period of about 100 ,000 years.
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These findings permitted the team to determine how the three factors of tilt,
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wobble, and the shape of Earth's orbit might have affected the Earth's climate over the last 900 ,000 years.
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The group published its findings in Science on February 27.
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The scientists examined a million -year record of climate by looking
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at ice sheets across the northern half of the world and deep ocean temperatures.
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They then compared this data with small but regular changes in Earth's orbit over time.
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The lead writer of this study is Stephen Barker, a professor at Cardiff University in Britain.
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He told the French news agency AFP
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that for many years it has been difficult for scientists to
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show exactly how small changes in Earth's orbit have led to huge changes between warm and cold periods.
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Earth is believed to go through cycles of ice ages and warm periods.
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The last ice age is thought to have ended around 11 ,700 years ago.
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Scientists, such as Milankovitch, have long seen a connection between Earth's orbit and climate.
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However, researchers have struggled to precisely date when each of the climate changes happened.
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It has also been difficult for them to know exactly
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which orbit positions affect the start and stop of cold or warm periods.
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Barker said his team of researchers studied slow changes in temperature
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over long periods of time instead of only looking at shorter periods of change between cold and warm climates.
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Barker told AFP, we would expect a glaciation to occur within the next 11 ,000 years,
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and it would end in 66 ,000 years' time.
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Lorraine Lizicki is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a co -writer of the study.
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She said the study shows that changes in climate over tens of thousands of years are not random.
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The team aims to expand its findings to investigate the long -term effects of human activity on climate.
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They also want to find out how it might affect Earth's natural climate cycles.
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I'm Andrew Smith.
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A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin
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in about 11 ,000 years unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 37 个句子、485 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:44。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 102 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 13 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| orbit 名词 | /ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ | 軌道 /轨道, 軌跡 /轨迹 |
| scientist 名词 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科學家 /科学家 |
| axis 名词 | /ˈæksɪs/ | 軸 /轴, 軸心 /轴心 |
| researcher 名词 | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | 研究員 /研究员, 研究者 |
| emission 名词 | /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/ | 排放 |
| occur 动词 | /əˈkɜː/ | 發生 /发生 |
| compare 动词 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比较 |
| sheet 名词 | /ʃit/ | 篇, 張 /张 |
| expand 动词 | /ɪkˈspænd/ | 擴展 /扩展, 擴張 /扩张 |
| investigate 动词 | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/ | 調查 /调查 |
| permit 动词 | /pɚˈmɪt/ | 允許 /允许, 許可 /许可 |
| examine 动词 | /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ | 检查, 调查 |
| predictable 形容词 | /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/ | 可預見的 /可预见的, 可預言的 /可预言的 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| find out 动词 | 找出, 查明 |
| go through 动词 | 通過 /通过 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | has been · have led · have struggled |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | are believed · is believed · is thought |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, sheet /ʃit/, glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, predictable /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/, glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 orbit, scientist, axis 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。