跟读练习: Study shows how Earth's orbit affects Ice Ages - 通过视频学习英语口语
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A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin in about 11 ,000 years,
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unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.
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An ice age is a period of reduced temperatures,
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causing ice to cover large areas of the northern and southern parts of the world.
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A group of scientists studied changes in the shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun,
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the tilt of the Earth's axis, and the movement of the axis itself, called a wobble.
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These three motions are believed to happen in cycles.
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The Serbian scientist Mooletin Blankovic developed a theory about 100 years ago that these cycles affected Earth's long -term climate.
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The team noted that small changes in Earth's orbit around the sun caused predictable cycles of warming
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and cooling over a period of about 100 ,000 years.
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These findings permitted the team to determine how the three factors of tilt,
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wobble, and the shape of Earth's orbit might have affected the Earth's climate over the last 900 ,000 years.
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The group published its findings in Science on February 27.
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The scientists examined a million -year record of climate by looking
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at ice sheets across the northern half of the world and deep ocean temperatures.
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They then compared this data with small but regular changes in Earth's orbit over time.
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The lead writer of this study is Stephen Barker, a professor at Cardiff University in Britain.
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He told the French news agency AFP
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that for many years it has been difficult for scientists to
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show exactly how small changes in Earth's orbit have led to huge changes between warm and cold periods.
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Earth is believed to go through cycles of ice ages and warm periods.
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The last ice age is thought to have ended around 11 ,700 years ago.
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Scientists, such as Milankovitch, have long seen a connection between Earth's orbit and climate.
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However, researchers have struggled to precisely date when each of the climate changes happened.
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It has also been difficult for them to know exactly
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which orbit positions affect the start and stop of cold or warm periods.
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Barker said his team of researchers studied slow changes in temperature
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over long periods of time instead of only looking at shorter periods of change between cold and warm climates.
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Barker told AFP, we would expect a glaciation to occur within the next 11 ,000 years,
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and it would end in 66 ,000 years' time.
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Lorraine Lizicki is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a co -writer of the study.
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She said the study shows that changes in climate over tens of thousands of years are not random.
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The team aims to expand its findings to investigate the long -term effects of human activity on climate.
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They also want to find out how it might affect Earth's natural climate cycles.
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I'm Andrew Smith.
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A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin
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in about 11 ,000 years unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.
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