跟讀練習: Study shows how Earth's orbit affects Ice Ages - 通過影片學習英語口語
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37 句
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A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin in about 11 ,000 years,
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unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.
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An ice age is a period of reduced temperatures,
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causing ice to cover large areas of the northern and southern parts of the world.
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A group of scientists studied changes in the shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun,
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the tilt of the Earth's axis, and the movement of the axis itself, called a wobble.
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These three motions are believed to happen in cycles.
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The Serbian scientist Mooletin Blankovic developed a theory about 100 years ago that these cycles affected Earth's long -term climate.
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The team noted that small changes in Earth's orbit around the sun caused predictable cycles of warming
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and cooling over a period of about 100 ,000 years.
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These findings permitted the team to determine how the three factors of tilt,
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wobble, and the shape of Earth's orbit might have affected the Earth's climate over the last 900 ,000 years.
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The group published its findings in Science on February 27.
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The scientists examined a million -year record of climate by looking
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at ice sheets across the northern half of the world and deep ocean temperatures.
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They then compared this data with small but regular changes in Earth's orbit over time.
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The lead writer of this study is Stephen Barker, a professor at Cardiff University in Britain.
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He told the French news agency AFP
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that for many years it has been difficult for scientists to
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show exactly how small changes in Earth's orbit have led to huge changes between warm and cold periods.
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Earth is believed to go through cycles of ice ages and warm periods.
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The last ice age is thought to have ended around 11 ,700 years ago.
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Scientists, such as Milankovitch, have long seen a connection between Earth's orbit and climate.
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However, researchers have struggled to precisely date when each of the climate changes happened.
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It has also been difficult for them to know exactly
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which orbit positions affect the start and stop of cold or warm periods.
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Barker said his team of researchers studied slow changes in temperature
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over long periods of time instead of only looking at shorter periods of change between cold and warm climates.
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Barker told AFP, we would expect a glaciation to occur within the next 11 ,000 years,
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and it would end in 66 ,000 years' time.
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Lorraine Lizicki is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a co -writer of the study.
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She said the study shows that changes in climate over tens of thousands of years are not random.
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The team aims to expand its findings to investigate the long -term effects of human activity on climate.
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They also want to find out how it might affect Earth's natural climate cycles.
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I'm Andrew Smith.
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A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin
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in about 11 ,000 years unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 37 個句子、485 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 4:44。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 102 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 13 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| orbit 名詞 | /ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ | 軌道 /軌道, 軌跡 /軌跡 |
| scientist 名詞 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科學家 /科學家 |
| axis 名詞 | /ˈæksɪs/ | 軸 /軸, 軸心 /軸心 |
| researcher 名詞 | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | 研究員 /研究員, 研究者 |
| emission 名詞 | /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/ | 排放 |
| occur 動詞 | /əˈkɜː/ | 發生 /發生 |
| compare 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比較 |
| sheet 名詞 | /ʃit/ | 篇, 張 /張 |
| expand 動詞 | /ɪkˈspænd/ | 擴充套件 /擴充套件, 擴張 /擴張 |
| investigate 動詞 | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/ | 調查 /調查 |
| permit 動詞 | /pɚˈmɪt/ | 允許 /允許, 許可 /許可 |
| examine 動詞 | /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ | 檢查, 調查 |
| predictable 形容詞 | /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/ | 可預見的 /可預見的, 可預言的 /可預言的 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| find out 動詞 | 找出, 查明 |
| go through 動詞 | 通過 /通過 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has been · have led · have struggled |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are believed · is believed · is thought |
需要注意的發音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, sheet /ʃit/, glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, predictable /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/, glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃən/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 orbit, scientist, axis 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。