Shadowing Practice: What is a Control Valve? - Learn English Speaking with Video
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The control valve receives a signal from a controller, such as a PLC or a DCS, in order to operate.
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The controller compares the actual flow rate to the desired flow value, called the setpoint.
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The controller will produce an output to move the valve to bring the flow rate to the setpoint value.
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A control valve is a power operated device used to regulate or manipulate the flow of fluids,
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such as gas, oil, water, and steam.
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It is a critical part of a control loop and is an example of a final control element.
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The control valve is by far the most common final control element used in industry today.
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A control valve can be operated electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.
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A control valve receives a signal from a controller, such as a PLC, in order for it to move, resulting in a change in flow.
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Because the PLC signal is electrical, the control valve may require a device to convert that electrical signal so that it can operate.
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A control valve has two separate components, the valve and the actuator.
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Valve bodies are of different types or styles depending on service conditions, piping layout, and desired application.
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The two classes of control valves are linear motion and rotary motion.
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On a linear motion valve, the stem and valve movement is up and down.
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A common type of sliding control valve is the gate valve.
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A rotary motion valve in almost all cases rotates 90 degrees from open to the closed position.
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A commonly used rotary valve is the butterfly valve.
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The actuator is the device connected to the valve through the valve stem that provides the force required to move the valve.
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As we said earlier, the actuator can be controlled electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.
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The most common and the most reliable is the pneumatic actuator.
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The control valve receives a signal from a controller, such as a PLC or a DCS, in order to operate.
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The controller compares the actual flow rate to the desired flow value, called the set point.
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The controller will produce an output to move the valve to bring the flow rate to the setpoint value.
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Because of how pneumatic actuators are built, a control valve will fail to a specific position when a loss of the control signal occurs.
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As the supply air pressure is increased, the rubber diaphragm pushes against the spring and moves the valve stem down into the valve body.
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As the supply air pressure is reduced, the spring will move the valve stem out of the body.
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The position to which the control valve is moved if a loss of signal occurs is referred to as the fail-safe mode.
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The type of fail-safe mode depends on the application for which the control valve is used.
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The actuator causes the valve to close in a fail-closed control valve.
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The actuator causes the valve to open in a fail-open control valve.
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In normal operation, the force of the spring must be overcome by the electrical or pneumatic actuator.
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In the event of a power failure to the actuator, the electrical or pneumatic force is no longer present, and the spring pressure forces the valve to open.
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You might wonder how much the valve opens or closes when the flow rate changes.
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Well, that depends on a number of things, such as the percentage of flow rate change, and the diameter of the pipe.
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Regardless, the controller must be tuned so that it produces the correct response to any change in flow rate.
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This is most commonly achieved by using PID control within the PLC or controller.
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We have already created several easy to follow videos on what a PID controller is.
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If you want to learn more about this topic, just head on over to realpars.com slash blog.
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Type in PID in the search bar and all the relevant articles and videos will pop up.
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We will also put a link in the description if you are watching this on YouTube or any other social media platform.
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In this video, we have learned
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that a control valve can vary the flow of a liquid or gas used in a process.
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We also learned that a control valve can be one of two main types,
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linear or rotary, and that we can use a fail-safe type of valve in critical areas.
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Finally, we introduced you to how control valves are controlled by the use of PID instructions in the PLC or DCS system.
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Want to learn PLC programming in an easy to understand format and take your career to the next level?
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Head on over to realpars.com Hey!
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “What is a Control Valve?”. Las palabras que más se repiten: valve, flow, controller, actuator, Plc. Este vídeo tiene 47 frases y 783 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 6:00. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 130 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 75 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 10 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| pneumatic adjetivo | /n(j)uːˈmæ.tɪk/ | neumático, pneumático |
| rotary adjetivo | /ˈɹoʊ.tə.ɹi/ | rotatorio, rotativo |
| electrically adverbio | /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɪk.li/ | eléctricamente |
| diaphragm sustantivo | /ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/ | diafragma |
| rotate verbo | /ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/ | girar |
| manipulate verbo | /məˈnɪp.jʊ.leɪt/ | manipular |
| regulate verbo | /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt/ | reglamentar |
| butterfly sustantivo | /ˈbʌ.tə(ɹ).flaɪ/ | mariposa |
| layout sustantivo | /ˈleɪ.aʊt/ | maquetación, impaginación |
| diameter sustantivo | /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/ | diámetro |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| pop up verbo | aparecerse |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | can be operated · can be controlled · are built |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | have already created · have learned |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: actuator /ˈæk.tjuː.eɪ.tə(ɹ)/, electrically /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɪk.li/, manipulate /məˈnɪp.jʊ.leɪt/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como pneumatic, rotary, electrically.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.