Pratique du Shadowing: How Living Abroad Changed How I See America - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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136 phrases
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Living outside of the United States has given me an opportunity to look at my own country
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and my own culture from a different lens.
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And after spending years living between Europe and America, my perception of both has changed, I would say pretty drastically.
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Because some of the stereotypes that Europeans have about Americans are the ones that I also used to believe myself.
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Such as Americans are fake, Americans have no culture, Americans are obsessed with work, Americans don't know anything about the rest of the world.
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But the more time I've spent moving between these two places, the more differently I started to see some of these stereotypes.
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So in this video, I want to look at these stereotypes again as an American who once believed them,
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well some of them, and ask are they really true or do they look different depending on where you're standing.
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And in the next video, I'm going to flip this around and look at the stereotypes that Americans have about Europeans.
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So one of the oldest stereotypes about Americans is how little they know of the rest of the world.
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So you've seen clips on social media.
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Someone points to Australia and the American calls it Europe.
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Someone gets asked to name a country with a U and they freeze.
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They can't come up with anything.
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And then these types of clips, they spread as proof that Americans don't know geography, that we somehow don't care about other countries,
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and we think that the world ends at our borders.
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I think a lot of people forget that United States is enormous and a lot of the knowledge is based on accessibility.
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Even the American media is somewhat localized and because that is a source of knowledge for a lot of people,
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media focuses heavily on American politics, on American celebrities, American sports, and American problems.
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So a lot of the Americans are not exposed to world news.
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Then there is traveling abroad, which is a big undertaking for most Americans.
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If you live in Germany, for example, you can cross multiple countries in just a few hours.
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For example, we just took trip to Italy two weeks ago and we crossed through five countries within five hours.
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And in the USA, if you live in Texas, for example, you might drive for eight hours and you're still in the state of Texas.
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And because of this close proximity that Europeans have with other nations, other countries, they grow up surrounded by different languages,
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different countries, different political systems because geography puts those encounters into everyday life.
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Americans don't have access to that.
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But not knowing the capital of Slovenia tells us very little about someone's intelligence or curiosity.
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But at the same time, living in Europe does not automatically make someone knowledgeable about every other place either.
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Ask any of my German friends about state politics in Wisconsin
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or indigenous communities in New Mexico or the cultural difference between Mississippi and Massachusetts and similar gaps will start to appear.
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So the better question
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probably is what does your environment require you to know another stereotype
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that i used to believe myself for years was the idea
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that americans have no culture i used to say this out loud i used to believe it even more
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when i moved to germany europe had history architecture old cities
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regional traditions foods passed down from generations america still felt newer
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more commercial more manufactured europe had culture america had consumerism
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but the older i got
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and the more time i spent between these two places the less sense all of this made to me
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because what do we mean by culture
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if we mean centuries-old cathedrals royal palaces ancient villages and traditions tied to one place for hundreds of years.
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Europe obviously has something America does not.
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But culture is bigger than age.
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Jazz is American.
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Blues, rock and roll, Hollywood, Broadway, skate culture, sneaker culture,
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television, advertising, internet culture, and huge parts of global fashion all came from the United States.
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And there's no single American culture.
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Louisiana is not New England, Texas is not California, New York is not Montana.
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Black American culture, Latino culture, Native American culture, Asian American culture, Southern culture, immigrant culture.
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So for years I was judging American culture through the European definition of what culture is supposed to look like.
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A 500 year old building felt cultural.
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A music genre born in the Bronx somehow felt less so.
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A European village felt authentic.
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A diner, a basketball court, gospel church, jazz club, or a neighborhood block party felt ordinary.
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But ordinary life is where culture lives.
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Once I changed my definition, America looked completely different.
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Next stereotype says that Americans are obsessed with work.
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And for a long time, I understood why people thought that.
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Americans get far less time away from work than people in countries like Germany.
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Vacation time is shorter, sick leave is limited.
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The United States has no federal guarantee of paid vacation or paid sick leave.
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So when an American takes one major vacation a year, answers emails while they're traveling, while they're on vacation, or goes to work while they're sick,
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the conclusion seems obvious that Americans live to work, but we are confusing obsession with circumstances.
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If your job gives you two weeks of vacation instead of five or six, of course you take fewer vacations.
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If time away affects income, health insurance, or job security, work carries a lot more weight.
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Spending more time in Germany complicated my own assumptions.
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has stronger protections around vacation illness and time away from work
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so i expected german workers to seem far less stressed yet
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among my german friends i know four people who have taken extended leave
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because of burnout and one of those friends has taken two burnouts
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and recently he retired early because he was just too stressed at work.
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But among my much larger group of American friends, I cannot think of anyone who has ever experienced burnout.
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Now obviously that does not mean that Germans experience more burnouts than Americans.
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This is only my personal experience.
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I've held a 9 to 5 in both places in the USA and in Germany and my German workplace felt more formal,
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structured and more task focused whereas my american workplaces every single place
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that i worked at always felt more social more easy going
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you know people joking around taking lunch together as co-workers they become friends
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and at several jobs co-workers even started to feel like a
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second family then i asked my german husband about his experience working here when he was younger his answer was completely different.
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His workplaces were relaxed and social and much like my workplaces in the USA.
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Now his answer forced me to reconsider my own experience.
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I did not experience German work culture.
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I experienced one German workplace.
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So when we say Americans are obsessed with work,
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It's human nature to hear part of the story or experience something once and formulate a blanket judgment.
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So for many Americans, work is tied to health insurance, financial security, career advancement, and social status.
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American culture places enormous value on achievement and professional success.
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So taking less vacation does not automatically mean Americans are obsessed with work.
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Sometimes people work more because they want to and sometimes the system just gives them fewer choices.
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What looks like a culture of law from the outside becomes much more complicated when you look at what's underneath it.
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Another stereotype I often hear is that Americans are fake friendly.
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They smile too much.
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They make small talk with strangers.
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They ask how are you without expecting a detailed answer in return.
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Someone you met five minutes ago will tell you to have an amazing day.
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We use words like awesome to meet you, see you around, or oh my god I love your skirt where did you get it.
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That's a reference by the way.
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Let's see who gets it.
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If you come from a culture where friendliness is more reserved for people you actually know,
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this behavior might feel superficial.
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American friendliness often does not mean I want to become your friend.
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Sometimes the message is simply, I want this interaction to feel pleasant for myself and for the other person.
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In Germany, people are more reserved at first.
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There's less small talk with strangers and less outward enthusiasm in everyday interactions.
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I think that's the best way I can explain it.
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To an American, this might feel cold.
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A German might see the same behavior as honest.
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Why pretend to be interested in someone you do not know?
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And even after years of living here, I still catch myself judging why people are not responding to my friendliness.
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The European sees the American smile and thinks, you don't really mean this.
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The American sees a European reserve and thinks, why are you so unfriendly?
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But both people follow different rules of politeness.
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Even an American saying we should get together sometime does not always mean plans are coming next.
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From the outside, I understand why this sounds fake.
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Inside American culture, the phrase often functions more like a warmth than really a promise.
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So what one culture calls superficial, another calls considerate.
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What one culture calls honest, another experience it as being distant.
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Americans often are expressive with their friendliness and calling the friendliness fake is an interpretation, not the truth.
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So now looking at all of these stereotypes, there is a clear pattern.
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Most begin with something real.
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Americans often know less about other countries than Europeans expect.
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American culture looks different from older European traditions.
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Americans often take less vacation.
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American friendliness is more outward.
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Somewhere between observing those things and explaining them, we add our own cultural assumptions.
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Friendliness becomes fake.
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Ambition becomes obsession.
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Patriotism becomes arrogance.
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A different kind of culture becomes no culture at all.
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So understanding another culture might start with one question am i describing what i see
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or am i describing what i think it means
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and sometimes learning about another culture teaches you as much about
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yourself as a people you were trying to understand thank you guys
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so much for watching and i will see you in the next video
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How Living Abroad Changed How I See America ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : culture, stereotype, vacation, german, European. Cette vidéo contient 136 phrases et 1726 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 12:07. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 142 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| stereotype nom | /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/ | stéréotype |
| friendliness nom | /ˈfɹɛndlinəs/ | gentillesse, cordialité |
| workplace nom | /ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/ | lieu de travail, travail |
| burnout nom | /ˈbɜː(ɹ)naʊt/ | burn-out, surmenage |
| obsess verbe | /əbˈsɛs/ | être obsédé |
| outward adjectif | /ˈaʊt.wɚd/ | externe |
| obsession nom | /əbˈsɛʃən/ | idée fixe |
| geography nom | /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ | géographie |
| assumption nom | /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ | assomption |
| considerate adjectif | /kənˈsɪdəɹət/ | attentif, attentionné |
| consumerism nom | /kənˈsumərɪzm̩/ | consumérisme |
| expressive adjectif | /ɪkˈspɹɛsɪv/ | expressif |
| formulate verbe | /ˈfɔː(ɹ)mjʊleɪt/ | formuler |
| politeness nom | /pəˈlaɪtnəs/ | politesse |
| unfriendly adjectif | /ʌnˈfɹɛn(d)li/ | inamical |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| come up with verbe | inventer, imaginer |
| grow up verbe | grandir |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| « Used to » used to + verbe — une habitude ou un état passé qui n’est plus vrai | used to believe · used to say |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has given · has changed · I've spent |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | abroad, which is · people who have · anyone who has |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is based · are not exposed |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 15 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, they're, I've. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: warmth /wɔɹmθ/, cathedral /kəˈθiːdɹəl/, enthusiasm /ɪnˈθuziæzəm/, authentic /ɔˈθɛn.tɪk/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, obsession /əbˈsɛʃən/, assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/, genre /ˈ(d)ʒɑnɹə/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, geography /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/, considerate /kənˈsɪdəɹət/, consumerism /kənˈsumərɪzm̩/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: geography /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/, knowledgeable /ˈnɑ.lɪ.d͡ʒə.bəl/, joking /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɪŋ/, indigenous /ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒənəs/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/, friendliness /ˈfɹɛndlinəs/, burnout /ˈbɜː(ɹ)naʊt/, geography /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/, considerate /kənˈsɪdəɹət/
- /ŋ/ final — sans prononcer de /g/ après: undertaking /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌteɪkɪŋ/, joking /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɪŋ/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme stereotype, friendliness, workplace.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.