Pratique du Shadowing: Surgical Anatomy 2 (Spleen) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

In part 1 of this video, we talk about the spleen, its size and size, the spleenule,

the spleenic vessels, the vascular distribution of these vessels to segments, and so on.

Now we are talking about the spleenic ligaments, which is a really important topic when talking about surgical anatomy,

because these ligaments are all excised or divided in order to perform spleenectomy.

Anatomy box speaks about eight ligaments, the gastrosplenic, the splenophenic, splenorenal,

or the lineorenal, the ancient or the older name, pancreatic splenic, pancreatic colic, splenocolic,

perisplenic fold, and the phrenicocolic ligament.

But here we will just talk about five of these ligaments, which are the cardinal ligaments.

First, the gastrosplenic, the splenophrenic, the splenorenal, also the splenocolic,

and lastly the phrenicocolic ligament.

We will talk first about the gastrosplenic ligament.

Gastrosplenic ligament is a ligament between the spleen and the stomach, from its name.

there's some information about this ligament first of all it's a

triangular ligament you can see in this diagram this is the gastro splenic ligament

and it's apex near the upper pool of the spleen

and space is as a wider base

and near the lower pool this tell us

that says the upper pool of the spleen is really close to the stomach

so when performing the section in this area you may injure either the stomach or the spleen.

So be careful in the section in this area.

Also the section actually is easier in the wider base of the ligament.

This ligament also have two important structures passing in it which is, you can see here,

the short gastric vessels this is the excised

or divided gastrosplenic ligament the short gastric vessels and near the upper pool

and the gastroepiploic the left gastroepiploic vessels near the lower pool

so this is a vascular structure actually it should be excised between clamps

or using a harmonic

or whatever appropriate to ensure hemostasis in this ligament the second

ligament is the splenophenic ligament number two this one this is a splenophenic ligament between the spleen

and the diaphragm it's important to know

that this some authors thought this is not a true ligament

it's just a part we can condense about from the gastrosplenic ligament also it may be containing a fleshy part

or sling of fiber of muscular fibers from the diaphragm

so the section here also must be meticulous

because it may be may need a lot of hemostasis traction

of the spleen downwards may cause a valgian of this area

so take care

when you are tracked performing traction of the spleen not to cause a valgian of the splenic capsule

and this area and cause marked pleading the third ligament

and third important ligament is a splenorenal

or the lino -renal as we said it's between the spleen

and the kidney actually this this diagram can show it more

comprehensively this is the spleen this is the kidney it is a cross -section of course stomach

and this is the gastrosplenic ligament containing the short gastric vessels and this is This brittoneal flexion is the splenorenal ligament.

As we can see here, it's connected to the kidney,

and it contains the splenic artery and vein and the tail of pancreas.

So this is a very vascular port, and actually it covers all the hilum of the spleen, so this section here is important.

You can encounter during splenectomy this ligament from two approaches.

Either if you are dissecting in this direction,

dissecting the gastrosplenic ligament, you will approach the hilum of the spleen from the front side

and you will start your dissection like this.

Or you can approach it from other side

if you are retracting the spleen to the right to deliver

spleen outside the incision you are you are inserting your hand in this space and grabbing the spleen we're moving it

to the right in this direction so you can imagine

if this structures are reflected to the side

so you will encounter this ligament from the posterior side

and you will also encounter the tail of the pancreas

and both the splenic vessels take care this is a vascular ligament you can perform finger dissection

or plant dissection but it contains very important vessels

which is the splenic artery and vein and also the tail of the pancreas

so take care

while performing the section in this area the pancreatic splenic ligament actually is not a true ligament it means

if the tail the pancreas doesn't reach the hilum it will be connected with a small part

which is the pancreatic splenic ligament it may be not found if the pancreas is long enough to reach the hilum

pancreatic colic ligament actually number five this one is a part of the transverse mesocolon

here's a splenocolic ligament which another important ligament we will talk about So,

it may be containing polar vessels, it's number 6, right here,

it's between the spleen and the, I'll remove the picture, yes,

to be more comprehensive, this is the splenocolic ligament,

it connects the lower pole of the spleen to the splenic flexure.

actually it may contain, as we said, a polar vessel so take care while dissecting here and also

when you are performing a left hemicolectomy you are also incising this ligament to mobilize the colon

actually also traction in this direction may cause avulsion of the capsule of the spleen

and may cause a marked bleeding so take care while performing traction in this area Perisplenic ligament,

actually it's not obvious in this diagram It's here, behind the gastrosplenic ligament

Number 1 is gastrosplenic and number 7 is perisplenic fold

And at last the phrenicocolic ligament Actually the phrenicocolic ligament is

not attached to the spleen at all It's between the splenic flexure and the diaphragm

It's the junction between the mid gut

and the hind gut here in this part it's keeping the splenic flexure hanging in this side

but it's important because importance because it our relation to the spleen

because it directs the spleen in this direction when it's

when it is enlarging actually it can be called the splenic floor the spleen is resting on this ligament and

when the spleen is enlarged it will be enlarged this way

not downward the downward enlargement is blocked by the phrenicocolic ligament

so the enlarged spleen can reach up to the amperlichus

and the mid abdomen not to the left paracolic gutter another

importance of this ligament it prevents blood from ruptured spleen

or any cause of bleeding in this area from entering the left paracolic gutter

so a traumatic event in this area and the splenic rupture, the blood will be confined to this space,

the left hypochondrium space and not propagating to the left paracolic gutter.

So this is the most important ligament of the spleen,

we will just remember them,

here the gastrosplenic ligament from here it's like triangular oh

i missed okay it's like this a triangular ligament here it contains a short gastric

and the gastric left gastro pleuric here's the line renal ligament

or the spleen renal ligament containing the hilum or the hyalur vessels

and tail of the pancreas here's a splenocolic ligament in the lower pool

100

and there is a splenophenic in the upper pool

101

and there is a floor of the spleen

102

which is formed by the colophenic or phrenocolic sorry phrenocolic ligament

103

which directs the spleen in this direction this is the most important ligament regarding the spleen.

104

One last information you should remember.

105

that the tail of pancreas lying in this area,

106

so careless division in this part may result in pancreatic fistula and it's really a nasty complication to happen,

107

may take a few weeks to month to close down,

108

so really take care when you are incising or dissecting in this area to make sure that the pancreas is safe.

109

Thank you for listening and see you in another video.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Surgical Anatomy 2 ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : ligament, spleen, splenic, gastrosplenic, vessel. Cette vidéo contient 109 phrases et 1327 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 10:41. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 124 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 72 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
vessel nom	/ˈvɛsəl/	vaisseau
tail nom	/ˈteɪ̯l/	queue
stomach nom	/ˈstʌmək/	estomac
vascular adjectif	/ˈvæskjələ/	vasculaire
connect verbe	/kəˈnɛkt/	accoupler, connecter
encounter verbe	/ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/	rencontrer
kidney nom	/ˈkɪdni/	rein
diagram nom	/ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/	diagramme, schéma
divide verbe	/dɪˈvaɪd/	diviser, fendre
fold verbe	/ˈfəʊld/	plier
polar adjectif	/ˈpoʊlɚ/	polaire
anatomy nom	/əˈnætəmi/	anatomie
vein nom	/veɪn/	veine
bleed verbe	/ˈbliːd/	saigner
capsule nom	/ˈkæps(ə)l/	capsule

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
close down verbe	/kləʊzˈdaʊn/	fermer, faire fermer

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

Structure	Dans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait	should be excised · are tracked · are reflected
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose	ligaments, which is · ligaments, which are

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 3 contractions et formes réduites, comme doesn't, I'll, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

Les sons « sh » et « zh »: traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, junction /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkʃən/, dissection /dɪˈsɛkʃən/, flexure /ˈflɛkʃə(ɹ)/
Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: anatomy /əˈnætəmi/, comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/, pancreatic /ˌpæŋ.kɹɪˈæ.tɪk/, triangular /tɹaɪˈæŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/, gastroenteritis /ˌɡæstɹəʊˌɛntəˈɹaɪtəs/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

/h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/, hind /haɪnd/, hilum /ˈhaɪ.ləm/, hemostasis /ˌhiːməˈsteɪsɪs/, harmonic /hɑɹˈmɑnɪk/
/tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: surgical /ˈsɝd͡ʒɪkəl/, junction /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkʃən/, attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, enlarge /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/, rupture /ˈɹʌpt͡ʃɚ/
/r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/, diagram /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/, artery /ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, comprehensive /ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme vessel, tail, stomach.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →

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