Pratique du Shadowing: FAST Scan (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) - STEP by STEP - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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So now we're going to go over how to perform the FAST scan.
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And this is a scan that's used in trauma.
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It's called a focus assessment using sonography for trauma or in trauma.
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You're basically looking for free fluid in the abdomen, around the heart, in the chest, as well as looking for nemothorax of the chest.
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So we're just going to go over the protocol that I used.
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So here we're going to use the phased array probe.
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The patient is going to be in a supine position because it's in a trauma setting, so they're usually lying flat.
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You're going to put the probe, you're going to assess the right upper quadrant, the left upper quadrant, the pelvis, and then you're going to assess the heart,
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and then the lungs, and we'll go over through it in that order.
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So the first scan is the right upper quadrant scan.
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So here is the right upper quadrant scan.
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Indicators up towards the head.
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It's around the 8th to 10th intercostal space in the mid axillary line.
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And you're looking for Morrison's pouch, the space between the liver and the kidney for free fluid.
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Make sure, in addition, you look towards the edge of the liver because sometimes fluid can track there also.
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The next scan you're going to do is the left upper quadrant scan.
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So this is knuckles to the bed looking for fluid around the spleen.
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And here we see the spleen.
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and the fluid doesn't track between the spleen and the kidney usually unless there's rupture of the splenorenal ligament.
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In addition to looking at fluid around the spleen, you want to look above the diaphragm looking for any fluid in the chest,
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and here you see a good mirror artifact sign.
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There's no fluid there.
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That's completely normal, and remember to also do this on the right upper quadrant looking for fluid in the right chest.
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The next portion is going to be the pelvic scan here you're looking for free fluid above the bladder
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so indicator is up towards the head
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and you see the bladder here there's no free fluid above
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the bladder another organ to identify is a prostate in this view
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and free fluid once again it is above the prostate
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and above the bladder the next view is going to be the cardiac view looking for pericardial effusion
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and there's two views you can use.
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You can use either the subxiphoid view, and since this is on the standard mode, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's right side,
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and you're going to identify the liver and sweep in and look for that heart.
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And here we see the heart, the four chambers of the heart, and when the patient takes a big breath in, brings it closer, you get a better view,
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that subxiphoid view, looking for pericardial effusion around the right ventricle or left ventricle, and looking for any collapse of these ventricles,
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signifying tamponade, specifically right ventricular diastolic collapse or right atrial systolic collapse.
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Another view you can use, if you can't get a good sub -xiphoid view, is a pericardial long axis view.
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And once again, since we're in standard mode, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's left hip.
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So here, you're going to get a pericardial long axis view.
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And the main thing you're looking for is pericardial effusion.
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You don't have to necessarily assess all the heart function, but look for pericardial fusion and looking for tamponade here.
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And this looks normal here.
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You can see the pericardia both anteriorly and posteriorly in this view.
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And the last portion that you do is looking for pneumothorax, and that's looking for lung sliding.
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So once again, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's head, second intercostal space, midclavicular line.
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where you would do a needle thoracostomy basically
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and you would decrease your depth
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so you see I'm decreasing my depth all the way down here
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and here you're looking for lung sliding so when the patient breathes in
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so if you can take a big breath in you see there's lung sliding on the screen there
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and that indicates there's no pneumothorax if there is no lung sliding
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that is highly suggestive of pneumothorax in the setting of trauma
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you want to make sure you do there both the right side
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and the left side looking for lung sliding and this patient has lung sliding on both the left and right side
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « FAST Scan (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) - STEP by STEP ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : fluid, view, scan, lung, pericardial. Cette vidéo contient 53 phrases et 755 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:20. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 174 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 79 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| fluid nom | /ˈflu.ɪd/ | fluide, liquide |
| scan verbe | /skæn/ | scanner, fouiller |
| lung nom | /ˈlʌŋ/ | poumon |
| slide nom | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | toboggan, glissoire |
| trauma nom | /ˈtɹɔm.ə/ | traumatisme, trauma |
| indicator nom | /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ | indicateur |
| bladder nom | /ˈblædɚ/ | vésicule |
| breathe verbe | /bɹiːð/ | respirer, inspirer |
| collapse verbe | /kəˈlæps/ | s'effondrer |
| assess verbe | /əˈsɛs/ | estimer, évaluer |
| decrease verbe | /dɪˈkɹiːs/ | diminuer |
| kidney nom | /ˈkɪdni/ | rein |
| axis nom | /ˈæksɪs/ | axe |
| probe nom | /pɹoʊb/ | sonde, explorateur |
| prostate nom | /ˈpɹɑs.teɪt/ | prostate |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 21 contractions et formes réduites, comme you're, we're, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: breathe /bɹiːð/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: indicator /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, intercostal /ˌɪn.tɚˈkɔ.stəl/, axillary /ˈæksɪlɛɹi/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: chamber /ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/, pouch /paʊt͡ʃ/, rupture /ˈɹʌpt͡ʃɚ/, suggestive /sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛs.tɪv/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: trauma /ˈtɹɔm.ə/, indicator /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/, breathe /bɹiːð/, decrease /dɪˈkɹiːs/, probe /pɹoʊb/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme fluid, scan, lung.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.