Shadowing Practice: FAST Scan (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) - STEP by STEP - Learn English Speaking with Video

So now we're going to go over how to perform the FAST scan.

And this is a scan that's used in trauma.

It's called a focus assessment using sonography for trauma or in trauma.

You're basically looking for free fluid in the abdomen, around the heart, in the chest, as well as looking for nemothorax of the chest.

So we're just going to go over the protocol that I used.

So here we're going to use the phased array probe.

The patient is going to be in a supine position because it's in a trauma setting, so they're usually lying flat.

You're going to put the probe, you're going to assess the right upper quadrant, the left upper quadrant, the pelvis, and then you're going to assess the heart,

and then the lungs, and we'll go over through it in that order.

So the first scan is the right upper quadrant scan.

So here is the right upper quadrant scan.

Indicators up towards the head.

It's around the 8th to 10th intercostal space in the mid axillary line.

And you're looking for Morrison's pouch, the space between the liver and the kidney for free fluid.

Make sure, in addition, you look towards the edge of the liver because sometimes fluid can track there also.

The next scan you're going to do is the left upper quadrant scan.

So this is knuckles to the bed looking for fluid around the spleen.

And here we see the spleen.

and the fluid doesn't track between the spleen and the kidney usually unless there's rupture of the splenorenal ligament.

In addition to looking at fluid around the spleen, you want to look above the diaphragm looking for any fluid in the chest,

and here you see a good mirror artifact sign.

There's no fluid there.

That's completely normal, and remember to also do this on the right upper quadrant looking for fluid in the right chest.

The next portion is going to be the pelvic scan here you're looking for free fluid above the bladder

so indicator is up towards the head

and you see the bladder here there's no free fluid above

the bladder another organ to identify is a prostate in this view

and free fluid once again it is above the prostate

and above the bladder the next view is going to be the cardiac view looking for pericardial effusion

and there's two views you can use.

You can use either the subxiphoid view, and since this is on the standard mode, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's right side,

and you're going to identify the liver and sweep in and look for that heart.

And here we see the heart, the four chambers of the heart, and when the patient takes a big breath in, brings it closer, you get a better view,

that subxiphoid view, looking for pericardial effusion around the right ventricle or left ventricle, and looking for any collapse of these ventricles,

signifying tamponade, specifically right ventricular diastolic collapse or right atrial systolic collapse.

Another view you can use, if you can't get a good sub -xiphoid view, is a pericardial long axis view.

And once again, since we're in standard mode, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's left hip.

So here, you're going to get a pericardial long axis view.

And the main thing you're looking for is pericardial effusion.

You don't have to necessarily assess all the heart function, but look for pericardial fusion and looking for tamponade here.

And this looks normal here.

You can see the pericardia both anteriorly and posteriorly in this view.

And the last portion that you do is looking for pneumothorax, and that's looking for lung sliding.

So once again, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's head, second intercostal space, midclavicular line.

where you would do a needle thoracostomy basically

and you would decrease your depth

so you see I'm decreasing my depth all the way down here

and here you're looking for lung sliding so when the patient breathes in

so if you can take a big breath in you see there's lung sliding on the screen there

and that indicates there's no pneumothorax if there is no lung sliding

that is highly suggestive of pneumothorax in the setting of trauma

you want to make sure you do there both the right side

and the left side looking for lung sliding and this patient has lung sliding on both the left and right side

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “FAST Scan (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) - STEP by STEP”. Las palabras que más se repiten: fluid, view, scan, lung, pericardial. Este vídeo tiene 53 frases y 755 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:20. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 174 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 79 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
fluid sustantivo	/ˈflu.ɪd/	fluido
scan verbo	/skæn/	escrutar
lung sustantivo	/ˈlʌŋ/	pulmón
slide sustantivo	/ˈslaɪ̯d/	tobogán, resbaladilla
trauma sustantivo	/ˈtɹɔm.ə/	traumatismo
indicator sustantivo	/ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/	señalizador
bladder sustantivo	/ˈblædɚ/	vejiga
breathe verbo	/bɹiːð/	respirar
collapse verbo	/kəˈlæps/	derrumbarse, desplomarse
assess verbo	/əˈsɛs/	evaluar, estimar
decrease verbo	/dɪˈkɹiːs/	mermar[se], descrecer
kidney sustantivo	/ˈkɪdni/	riñón
axis sustantivo	/ˈæksɪs/	eje
probe sustantivo	/pɹoʊb/	tienta, sonda
prostate sustantivo	/ˈpɹɑs.teɪt/	próstata

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
go over verbo	sentar, pasar

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 21 contracciones y formas reducidas, como you're, we're, can't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “th”: breathe /bɹiːð/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: indicator /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, intercostal /ˌɪn.tɚˈkɔ.stəl/, axillary /ˈæksɪlɛɹi/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: scan /skæn/, slide /ˈslaɪ̯d/, sweep /swiːp/, spleen /spliːn/
/v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: ventricle /ˈvɛn.tɹɪk.əl/, pelvic /ˈpɛlvɪk/, pelvis /ˈpɛlvɪs/, suggestive /sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛs.tɪv/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como fluid, scan, lung.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

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