跟读练习: FAST Scan (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) - STEP by STEP - 通过视频学习英语口语
选择练习模式
每种模式都会打开全屏练习室。
53 句
如果句子过短或过长，请点击 Edit 进行调整。
1
So now we're going to go over how to perform the FAST scan.
2
And this is a scan that's used in trauma.
3
It's called a focus assessment using sonography for trauma or in trauma.
4
You're basically looking for free fluid in the abdomen, around the heart, in the chest, as well as looking for nemothorax of the chest.
5
So we're just going to go over the protocol that I used.
6
So here we're going to use the phased array probe.
7
The patient is going to be in a supine position because it's in a trauma setting, so they're usually lying flat.
8
You're going to put the probe, you're going to assess the right upper quadrant, the left upper quadrant, the pelvis, and then you're going to assess the heart,
9
and then the lungs, and we'll go over through it in that order.
10
So the first scan is the right upper quadrant scan.
11
So here is the right upper quadrant scan.
12
Indicators up towards the head.
13
It's around the 8th to 10th intercostal space in the mid axillary line.
14
And you're looking for Morrison's pouch, the space between the liver and the kidney for free fluid.
15
Make sure, in addition, you look towards the edge of the liver because sometimes fluid can track there also.
16
The next scan you're going to do is the left upper quadrant scan.
17
So this is knuckles to the bed looking for fluid around the spleen.
18
And here we see the spleen.
19
and the fluid doesn't track between the spleen and the kidney usually unless there's rupture of the splenorenal ligament.
20
In addition to looking at fluid around the spleen, you want to look above the diaphragm looking for any fluid in the chest,
21
and here you see a good mirror artifact sign.
22
There's no fluid there.
23
That's completely normal, and remember to also do this on the right upper quadrant looking for fluid in the right chest.
24
The next portion is going to be the pelvic scan here you're looking for free fluid above the bladder
25
so indicator is up towards the head
26
and you see the bladder here there's no free fluid above
27
the bladder another organ to identify is a prostate in this view
28
and free fluid once again it is above the prostate
29
and above the bladder the next view is going to be the cardiac view looking for pericardial effusion
30
and there's two views you can use.
31
You can use either the subxiphoid view, and since this is on the standard mode, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's right side,
32
and you're going to identify the liver and sweep in and look for that heart.
33
And here we see the heart, the four chambers of the heart, and when the patient takes a big breath in, brings it closer, you get a better view,
34
that subxiphoid view, looking for pericardial effusion around the right ventricle or left ventricle, and looking for any collapse of these ventricles,
35
signifying tamponade, specifically right ventricular diastolic collapse or right atrial systolic collapse.
36
Another view you can use, if you can't get a good sub -xiphoid view, is a pericardial long axis view.
37
And once again, since we're in standard mode, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's left hip.
38
So here, you're going to get a pericardial long axis view.
39
And the main thing you're looking for is pericardial effusion.
40
You don't have to necessarily assess all the heart function, but look for pericardial fusion and looking for tamponade here.
41
And this looks normal here.
42
You can see the pericardia both anteriorly and posteriorly in this view.
43
And the last portion that you do is looking for pneumothorax, and that's looking for lung sliding.
44
So once again, the indicator is going to be towards the patient's head, second intercostal space, midclavicular line.
45
where you would do a needle thoracostomy basically
46
and you would decrease your depth
47
so you see I'm decreasing my depth all the way down here
48
and here you're looking for lung sliding so when the patient breathes in
49
so if you can take a big breath in you see there's lung sliding on the screen there
50
and that indicates there's no pneumothorax if there is no lung sliding
51
that is highly suggestive of pneumothorax in the setting of trauma
52
you want to make sure you do there both the right side
53
and the left side looking for lung sliding and this patient has lung sliding on both the left and right side
FOR YOU
推荐视频
C13
77 句
FAST Exam: Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
91 句
How To: Ultrasound for Pneumothorax Case Study Video
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
83 句
SOFI: Sequence-based, cross-sectoral, One-health surveillance of food-borne infections | IMMEM XIV
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C156 句
ST Elevation and Depression on an EKG Rhythm Strip
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
173 句
Renal Colic History | OSCE Guide | UKMLA | CPSA | PLAB 2
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
76 句
GC FID Operational Tutorial
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
18 句
Abdominal Bracing
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
109 句
Surgical Anatomy 2 (Spleen)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
129 句
Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma (FAST)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
335 句
Introduction to CT Chest - Anatomy and Approach
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
47 句
How to find hidden clues at crime scenes Theodore E Yeshion
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
77 句
Retinal Artery Occlusion vs. Retinal Vein Occlusion
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“FAST Scan (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) - STEP by STEP”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：fluid, view, scan, lung, pericardial。 这段视频共有 53 个句子、755 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:20。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 174 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 79% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| fluid 名词 | /ˈflu.ɪd/ | 流體 /流体, 液體 /液体 |
| lung 名词 | /ˈlʌŋ/ | физы, 肺 |
| slide 名词 | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | 滑梯 |
| trauma 名词 | /ˈtɹɔm.ə/ | 負傷 /负伤, 損傷 /损伤 |
| indicator 名词 | /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ | 指示符 |
| bladder 名词 | /ˈblædɚ/ | 氣囊 /气囊 |
| breathe 动词 | /bɹiːð/ | 呼吸, 吸 |
| collapse 动词 | /kəˈlæps/ | 倒坍, 崩潰 /崩溃 |
| decrease 动词 | /dɪˈkɹiːs/ | 減少 /减少, 下降 |
| kidney 名词 | /ˈkɪdni/ | 腎臟 /肾脏, 腎 /肾 |
| axis 名词 | /ˈæksɪs/ | 軸 /轴, 軸心 /轴心 |
| prostate 名词 | /ˈpɹɑs.teɪt/ | 前列腺, 攝護腺 /摄护腺 |
| necessarily 副词 | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | 必然地, 必定地 |
| chamber 名词 | /ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/ | 臥室 /卧室, 寢室 /寝室 |
| mirror 名词 | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | җинзы, 鏡 /镜 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 21 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, we're, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: breathe /bɹiːð/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: indicator /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, intercostal /ˌɪn.tɚˈkɔ.stəl/, axillary /ˈæksɪlɛɹi/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: ventricle /ˈvɛn.tɹɪk.əl/, pelvic /ˈpɛlvɪk/, pelvis /ˈpɛlvɪs/, suggestive /sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛs.tɪv/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: fluid /ˈflu.ɪd/, slide /ˈslaɪ̯d/, collapse /kəˈlæps/, assess /əˈsɛs/, decrease /dɪˈkɹiːs/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, protocol /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/, ventricle /ˈvɛn.tɹɪk.əl/, atrial /ˈeɪtɹi.əl/, axillary /ˈæksɪlɛɹi/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 fluid, lung, slide 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。