Pratique du Shadowing: The Goofiest Space Experiment In History - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Did you know that this is the biggest object humans have ever sent into space?
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It may not look like it, but this is actually a 20 kilometer long piece of wire.
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That's as tall as the Empire State Building.
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Well, 45 of them.
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But what's he doing there?
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It must be the universe's longest string telephone!
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Hello?
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Hello?
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Prepare for invasion of Earth- Oh, that's not good.
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To actually understand what it's for, we need to look at Faraday's Law of Induction.
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If I move this loop of wire through this magnetic field, a small current is produced.
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You can increase the power generated by using more wire and moving it faster.
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In fact, stick a propeller on the end and now you have yourself a wind turbine.
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This concept made the big brains at NASA go...
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You know how, like, the Earth is like, basically a giant magnet?
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Yeah, bro, totally.
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What if we use like.. a super long wire, bro?
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Huh?
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So 400 million dollars later, this is the plan they came up with.
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Earth has big magnetic field, so we send spaceship with big wire.
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But Earth magnetic field very weak, so we send even bigger wire.
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Then we move spaceships super fast to generate power.
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Then we rule the galaxy.
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The system was called the TSS-1, or Tethered Satellite System.
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1. It had a base satellite, a sub-satellite, and a 20 kilometer long conductive tether connecting them both acting as the wire.
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Now you may have noticed something wrong here.
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In our original example we used a loop of wire because electricity needs a closed loop to flow, and this tether is not a loop.
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But electricity is really just the flow of electrons, and turns out there's a layer of the Earth's atmosphere called the ionosphere, which has a bunch of free electrons just floating around.
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So using a fancy electron collector and emitter, NASA designed a system to create electron flow using the ionosphere, completing the loop.
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In 1992, TSS-1 was launched aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis.
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It successfully reached the ionosphere, and it was finally time to unfurl the 20 kilometer long tether.
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Uh, Houston, we have a problem.
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This screw isn't gonna cut it.
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Okay, swap them out then.
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Hey, we should test everything again to make sure it works, right?
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Nah, it should be good.
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It was not good.
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That beefy screw caused the tether reel to jam up but a whopping 260 meters.
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Pretty much 1% of its maximum length.
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Moral of the story, always test and retest after making any design changes.
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Quite the expensive lesson to learn, but surely they'll get it next time, right?
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Right!
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Ooh, we made it past 260 meters this time! and the tether successfully deployed to its full length of 20 kilom- Um,
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Houston, we have a pro- It was so close, but when the tether reached 19.7 kilometers,
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a small defect in the insulation near the bottom led to a large arc that melted it.
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And that's how we ended up here.
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A giant space noodle floating in the sky.
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It was sighted all over the world, like in Australia, in Hawaii, in Southern USA...
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And a few weeks later, it re-entered the atmosphere, cooking the space noodle once and for all.
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But the big question is, did the experiment work though?
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Well, NASA managed to collect some data, and the tether generated almost 3.5 kilowatts of electrical power.
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Enough to run three toasters at once!
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Okay, that doesn't seem like much, but for context, most small satellites only need one toaster amount of power.
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But despite this, the tethered satellite system missions were abandoned.
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And the results weren't publicized.
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Well, apart from being roasted by the media.
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I guess it is kind of embarrassing to have your mistake plastered in the sky for the whole world to see, but I really hope they try again.
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Because I imagine a night sky in the future where space noodles hang from every spaceship and satellite.
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Hashtag, bring back space noodles.
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Please, I haven't seen the sun in years.
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See you next time!
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 61 phrases et 678 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:33. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 149 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 76 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| wire nom | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | fil |
| satellite nom | /ˈsætəlaɪ̯t/ | satellite |
| loop nom | /luːp/ | boucle |
| generate verbe | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/ | générer |
| magnetic adjectif | /mæɡˈnɛtɪk/ | magnétique |
| atmosphere nom | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | atmosphère |
| successfully adverbe | /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/ | avec succès |
| meter nom | /ˈmitəɹ/ | mètre, compteur |
| float verbe | /fləʊt/ | flotter |
| electron nom | /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/ | électron |
| lesson nom | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | leçon |
| moral adjectif | /ˈmoɹəl/ | moral |
| telephone nom | /ˈtɛləˌfoʊn/ | téléphone |
| layer nom | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | couche |
| string nom | /stɹɪŋ/ | corde |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| bring back verbe | /ˈbɹɪŋ bæk/ | ramener, rapporter |
| come up with verbe | inventer, imaginer | |
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir | |
| turn out verbe | se finir, se terminer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is produced · was called · was launched |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have ever sent · haven't seen |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 6 contractions et formes réduites, comme doesn't, gonna, haven't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒən/, hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme wire, satellite, loop.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.