Pratique du Shadowing: What on earth is a Buck Board Bench? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

Choisissez un mode d'entraînement

Chaque mode ouvre une salle d'entraînement en plein écran.

258 phrases

Si les phrases sont trop courtes ou trop longues, cliquez sur Edit pour les ajuster.

Hey, this is Furniture Forensics.

It's the series where we take old pieces of furniture

and find out where they came from and who made them and we're ready to go except we don't have a piece.

But don't worry, I know where to find one.

This will just take a second second.

This is perfect.

And yeah, of course I have permission to borrow this.

You know, my wife asked me that this morning.

What do you people think of me?

This is a buckboard bench.

I found it on my neighbor's front porch.

She was out having a glass of wine one night when I stopped by.

She saw me admiring it and she said,

oh, yeah, they would take the seats off of old horse-drawn wagons,

add legs, and make them into household furniture.

And right away, I was skeptical.

I mean, I know a thing or two about old furniture.

If people were making benches out of wagon parts,

I would have heard about that.

Or there's lots of things I don't know about, and I'm just wrong.

Turns out there's hundreds of these all across the Midwest.

Most of them are reproductions.

They're new pieces of furniture made to look like they were created from wagon parts.

But 70 or 80 years ago,

this was a real trend in furniture making.

People really did take parts from old wagons,

mostly the benches, and turn them into real household furniture.

Is that what we have here?

Do we have one of the real, legit, old buckboard benches?

Maybe.

The seat of this bench looks worn and old.

And yeah, you can fake that,

but it's difficult to fake the splits,

chips, gouges, scratches, and the general feeling of smoothness this has on all the surfaces that would have been used.

That's the sort of thing you only get after decades of use.

And this seat was definitely made by hand.

There's no machine planer marks,

no sanding scratches, but there are lots of spots where there's light tear-out.

Just what you would expect if the whole thing was quickly planed up with a jack plane right before it was assembled.

Then where these two boards come together there's obvious planing marks over here.

This board must have stuck out a little bit

so it was quickly planed flush with a jack plane after it was put together.

Finally there's this broad flat chamfer all the way around the outside of the seat board.

It looks nice and it would have helped any rain to drip off the edge of the seat.

Now it's very well executed,

very flat, but the top line of that chamfer has just a little bit of waviness that you would expect from handwork.

This thing was definitely made with hand tools.

The whole bench is made of sycamore,

which you see a lot in Northern Ohio country furniture,

and all the joinery is done with hardware.

That's great news because hardware is easy to date.

All the joints are done with screws,

so this corner joint is made by screwing through the backboard into the sideboard.

All the side boards are screwed down into the seat and the corners are reinforced with these corner brackets.

If we look at these brackets it's obvious that they're not as crisp

and nice as something you'd buy today but they're definitely not hand forged.

This is early factory made hardware.

Now a lot of the screws especially on these brackets are modern replacements

but it's easy to tell which screws are the old original ones.

One of those original screws was loose and I very carefully backed it out to take a closer look.

And this is a Gimlet Point screw.

This is the first generation of mass-produced affordable screws.

Before this, screws were actually made one at a time,

hand-filed by the blacksmith, and they were so rare and expensive,

they were only used to hold hardware on fancy pieces of furniture for rich people.

The gimlet screw was a huge leap forward because it made screws much more plentiful and much cheaper.

The gimlet screw was invented in 1845,

but you've got to give it a couple decades to spread across the country and get inexpensive.

Nobody would have used new expensive hardware on a cheap country wagon.

So looking at all the hardware and the timbers here,

I think we can say that this bench was made somewhere between 1860 and 1890.

Which is pretty exciting, because that means the seat for this bench is real,

it's old, and it's local.

The seat of this bench is cool all by itself,

but somebody took that wagon seat and converted it into a real piece of household furniture.

How did they do that?

Did they do a good job?

And personally, I also want to know when it happened,

and maybe most importantly, who did the conversion?

Now, I've got answers to all of these questions.

Some of the answers are going to surprise you.

Overall, the maker did a great job with this conversion.

He started by screwing big battens to the underside of the seat.

Screws are smart here because that allows for wood movement.

Then, he sent the leg tenons all the way through the batten and the seat.

This is called staked construction.

And sending those tenons through the batten and the seat means they're going through a big,

thick chunk of wood.

that's going to be stable.

The ends of the tenons are trimmed nice and level with the seat,

and they're wedged with thick pieces of hardwood.

These are all techniques that I used last year when I made my three Moravian stools.

These are traditional, dependable techniques for taking a board and turning it into a piece of seating.

But what kind of woodworker was this?

What sorts of tools did he use?

Well, mostly machine tools.

There's a great angled bevel on the end of each of these battens,

and it's got the super precise look that you really only get with a table saw.

It's the same thing with the tenons on the ends of these legs.

100

They are ultra perfect, so it looks like they were done with a lathe.

101

And on top of that,

102

there's clear marks left from lathe dead centers on the ends of the legs.

103

These were definitely done on a pretty early electric lathe.

104

And on top of that,

105

there's planer marks on these battens,

106

so they were run through a planer or an early jointer.

107

It's tough to say, but they definitely weren't hand planed.

108

Now, what's interesting is these legs are beveled on the sides to make them into an octagon,

109

and those bevels are very irregular.

110

They were either done with a jack plane and done pretty quickly,

111

or maybe with a draw knife or a spokeshave.

112

So this guy was using a combination of hand tools and machine tools.

113

He was a hybrid woodworker.

114

Or maybe at the time that he did it, everybody was hybrid.

115

They just called it woodworking.

116

Now even with those details,

117

it's still hard to put a date on this conversion,

118

and we're going to have to look at some smaller details,

119

like the screws that hold the battens to the seat.

120

If you just look at these quickly,

121

they look just like the same slot head gimlet point screws we find on the top of the seat,

122

but there are some key differences.

123

They're bigger, they have a cleaner appearance,

124

and they've got a shiny silver surface.

125

These are galvanized screws that were dipped in zinc to keep them from rusting.

126

And galvanized screws didn't come in until the early 1900s,

127

and they wouldn't have become cheap and popular for a little while after that.

128

This kind of hardware pushes the restoration into probably the 1920s,

129

maybe the 1930s, but there are some other important details we have to look at.

130

Around the base of each of these tenons,

131

there is clear squeeze out of yellow glue.

132

And believe me, I know exactly how that happens when you're making a staked piece of furniture like this.

133

You put glue on those tenons,

134

you pound them into the mortises,

135

and then you immediately flip the thing over so you can wedge the other side before that glue sets up.

136

With this style of construction,

137

having some glue drip down those tenons is unavoidable.

138

Believe me, I've been here,

139

and this is very clear evidence of yellow glue.

140

It looks exactly like modern stuff.

141

Yellow wood glue didn't come in until 1951 when the Titebond Corporation introduced it.

142

Yep, same people we're still giving our money to today.

143

That glue didn't exist until the early 50s,

144

which means this conversion couldn't have been done until the early 1950s.

145

Now we know when and how this was done,

146

but I want to know who.

147

Who was the woodworker who made this buckboard into a piece of furniture?

148

And we can figure that out,

149

but to do it, we have to stop looking at the things he did well and examine his mistakes.

150

Because he made a couple, and they're pretty big.

151

The craftsman used screws to connect the battens to the seat,

152

but he didn't use enough of them.

153

He used three screws in a simple diagonal line,

154

but he should have used more.

155

You can see that over on the corner here where there is no screw,

156

the seat is pulling away from the batten,

157

and the same thing is happening here on the opposite corner.

158

What he should have done is used two screws on either end and one screw in the middle.

159

That would have given him a tighter connection.

160

I can actually flex this batten just with my hands,

161

and it would have held the seat much flatter.

162

When I made my simple Moravian stool last year,

163

I used that two-two-one screw pattern,

164

and it was super solid.

165

I didn't make this up.

166

I saw it on traditional furniture.

167

The other big problem is with these leg joints.

168

The tenons are great.

169

They've been turned perfectly.

170

The issue is the transition from the tenon back to the fat part of the leg.

171

This detail here, woodturners would call this a pommel,

172

and it looks really nice,

173

but it's much too abrupt of a transition.

174

There's even a clearly defined shoulder between the tenon and the pommel,

175

and that's a big problem.

176

In construction like this, you really need this part of the leg to be a smooth taper.

177

So as you apply pressure to the seat,

178

that tapered section can get forced deeper into that hole and tighten that connection.

179

When you have a shoulder,

180

that actually gives you a leverage point.

181

The leg can work back and forth and over time it's guaranteed to loosen.

182

And look, I'm not trying to pick on this guy,

183

but he made some other strange choices.

184

Like the legs are made out of really lightweight construction lumber,

185

probably western red cedar.

186

It's what they frame all the houses around here with.

187

These are just 2x4s that have been ripped in half,

188

and he even left some giant flaws and knots in them.

189

This leg has a knot the size of a quarter.

190

I can't believe it hasn't snapped yet.

191

And I know, I know,

192

you're thinking, Rex, you're obviously just nitpicking this guy.

193

If the construction was so bad, it would've loosened up.

194

The thing is, it did.

195

This leg is super loose.

196

And so is this leg.

197

And so are the other two.

198

Nobody sits on this bench anymore, because they can't.

199

We're all afraid it'll break.

200

And when you add it all up,

201

I finally know who did this.

202

It was a home gamer,

203

a hobbyist, somebody like us.

204

Somebody who had access to maybe not the best wood and a mixture of tools,

205

one or two fancy electric tools and a couple of old hand tools,

206

maybe passed down from his dad or his grandfather.

207

And this was probably done in the 1950s.

208

Everything about it says 50s.

209

And man, what an exciting time that must have been to be a woodworker.

210

World War II in the rearview mirror,

211

time for leisure and fun.

212

And finally, there were affordable woodworking machines,

213

things that you could just plug into the wall and you could buy on a working man's salary.

214

Stuff like a modest size electric lathe or a little table saw.

215

They even had crazy combo machines like a table saw with a built-in jointer.

216

Those things probably weren't a good idea or we'd still be doing them.

217

They probably weren't very safe.

218

But there must have been a great sense of possibility.

219

You know, even if you didn't train as a furniture maker,

220

even if you were just a little bit handy,

221

you could buy a couple of machines,

222

you could read popular mechanics,

223

and you could make stuff in your own basement.

224

I mean, I'm a hand tool guy,

225

and I go for stuff that was made longer ago in a different tradition,

226

but I still think back on that suburban person working in their basement

227

or their garage back in the 50s

228

and i think yeah it was the same spirit the same idea it must have been incredibly fun

229

and even

230

if this piece has some flaws it looks great consistent color

231

nice angles on the legs a real unity it doesn't look like two things just jammed together

232

and yeah it's a little rickety i'm not going to sit on it

233

but I think this thing was converted into a bench 70 years ago

234

and it's still being used as a little rustic coffee table you gotta call

235

that a win you gotta call the whole piece a win

236

and it's been extremely fun to look at pieces like this

237

videos like this are why I love my patrons this is

238

a weird woodworking video the algorithm doesn't like stuff like this it's not gonna get a million views,

239

nobody would ever want to sponsor a video like this,

240

but my patrons like this sort of thing.

241

In fact, this is the most requested video from my patrons because they're interested in the details.

242

They want to get into the weeds and know about the little stuff,

243

and they let me make these sorts of historical kind of academic videos

244

that I would never get to make otherwise and i'm incredibly grateful for

245

that i try to show my gratitude by doing a ton

246

of things for my patrons free plans discussion forum we're doing

247

a build along series where i give them a tiny little

248

bit of a table build every week we're building a little

249

shaker table together like five minutes at a time it's a lot of fun

250

and if you'd like to get in on that fun patreon.com rex kruger

251

if you'd like to build a moravian stool or a number of other pieces of traditional furniture,

252

check out rexkruger.com slash shop where we've got all of our plans.

253

You can build a workbench,

254

a shave horse, all sorts of stuff.

255

Anyway, thanks for coming along on this trip with me.

256

It's been incredibly fun.

257

I can't wait to do it again.

258

I'll see you soon.

Télécharger l'application

Tout pour parler couramment

Prononciation IAChaque phrase notée

Phonétique (IPA)Maîtrisez chaque son

VocabulaireEnrichissez votre lexique

Jeu de vocabulaireApprenez en jouant

Scanner le QR

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

FOR YOU

Vidéo recommandée

306 phrases

Deep Dive: Investigating Thermal Cycling Failures Cracked MSOP Solder Joints

Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

253 phrases

Inside a Small 465-Sq-Ft Malibu Beach House With a Loft Bedroom | Architectural Digest

Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

101 phrases

Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « What on earth is a Buck Board Bench? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : screw, seat, furniture, leg, piece. Cette vidéo contient 258 phrases et 2572 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 14:57. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 172 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 81 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
tenon nom	/ˈtɛn.ən/	tenon
batten nom	/ˈbætən/	volige
glue nom	/ɡlu/	colle
wagon nom	/ˈwæɡən/	chariot
gimlet nom	/ˈɡɪm.lət/	vrille
lathe nom	/leɪð/	tour
woodworker nom		menuisier
patron nom	/ˈpeɪ.tɹən/	mécène
bevel nom	/ˈbɛv.əl/	biseau
woodwork nom	/ˈwʊdˌwɝk/	charpenterie
stool nom	/stuːl/	tabouret
chamfer nom	/ˈt͡ʃæm.fə/	chanfrein, champfrain
excite verbe	/ɪkˈsaɪt/	exciter
galvanize verbe	/ˈɡælvənaɪ̯z/	galvaniser
loosen verbe	/ˈluːsən/	desserrer

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
check out verbe		mater, regarder
come together verbe	/ˈkʌm tʊˈɡɛðɚ/	affluer, s’assembler
find out verbe		découvrir, savoir
go through verbe		traverser
put together verbe		assembler
set up verbe	/ˌsɛt ˈʌp/	mettre en place, installer
stick out verbe		dépasser, saillir
turn out verbe		se finir, se terminer

Des phrases à répéter

Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :

What do you people think of me?
I found it on my neighbor's front porch.
Is that what we have here?
Do we have one of the real, legit, old buckboard benches?
I didn't make this up.

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

Structure	Dans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait	were created · have been used · was definitely made
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant	I've been · They've been turned · have been ripped

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 58 contractions et formes réduites, comme they're, didn't, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

Les sons « th »: lathe /leɪð/, blacksmith /ˈblæk.smɪθ/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
Les sons « sh » et « zh »: shaker /ˈʃeɪkɚ/, reproduction /ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, shave /ˈʃeɪ̯v/, leisure /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/
Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: dependable [dɪˈpɛndəbəɫ], diagonal /daɪ̯ˈæɡ(ə)nəl/, unavoidable /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbəl/, inexpensive /ˌɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv/, irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

/h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hardwood /ˈhɑɹdˌwʊd/, hobbyist /ˈhɒb.ɪ.ɪst/
/tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: chamfer /ˈt͡ʃæm.fə/, wedge /wɛd͡ʒ/, workbench /ˈwɝk.bɛnt͡ʃ/, chunk /t͡ʃʌŋk/, forge /fɔɹd͡ʒ/
/r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: patron /ˈpeɪ.tɹən/, bracket /ˈbɹækɪt/, drip /ˈdɹɪp/, abrupt /əˈbɹʌpt/, craftsman /ˈkɹæftsmən/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme tenon, batten, glue.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →

Pratique du Shadowing: What on earth is a Buck Board Bench? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

Choisissez un mode d'entraînement

Télécharger l'application

Deep Dive: Investigating Thermal Cycling Failures Cracked MSOP Solder Joints

Inside a Small 465-Sq-Ft Malibu Beach House With a Loft Bedroom | Architectural Digest

Don’t Be the Thief of Your Own Life | True Story of A Famous Sign Painter

Why Wooden Cutting Boards Are Better Than Plastic

Learn English Clothes Vocabulary (B1-B2) | Comprehensible Input

William Buckley: the Wild White Man

Automatic Bullseye, MOVING Dartboard

Sourcing at the Canton Fair: The Million-Dollar Products We Found

Should You Build Your Own Keyboard?

Is it time to dismantle the puzzle?

BMW got it right with the E28... so I bought another one.

The world is poorly designed. But copying nature helps.