Shadowing Practice: How do stem cells work in the body? - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
16 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Whenever there is an injury or a challenge to an organ or tissue, a whole process of renewal takes place in the body to help restore optimal health.
2
Soon after the injury, the affected tissue releases specific compounds that travel through the blood to the bone marrow.
3
When the compounds released by the injured tissue reach the bone marrow,
4
these messengers tell the stem cells in the bone marrow to divide and create new stem cells, which are then released from the bone marrow into the bloodstream.
5
Slowly, the number of stem cells increases in the blood circulation.
6
At the same time, the affected the affected tissue releases another compound called stromal-derived factor 1, or SDF1, that attracts stem cells.
7
As stem cells circulate in the fine blood vessels of the affected tissue and sense the presence of this compound,
8
they stop in the blood flow and migrate into the tissue.
9
Inside the tissue, stem cells slowly migrate to the very site of injury where SDF1 is being secreted.
10
When they reach the site of the injury and come into contact with the damaged tissue,
11
stem cells begin to multiply and then slowly transform into cells of that tissue.
12
Through this process of amplification, one stem cell can become thousands of tissue cells.
13
It is through this natural process of renewal that the body maintains optimal health every day of our lives.
14
Stemregen is a natural product made of plant extracts
15
that have been documented to support the release of stem cells from the bone marrow, thereby increasing the number of circulating stem cells.
16
More stem cells in circulation means that more stem cells are available to participate in the process of tissue repair.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “How do stem cells work in the body?”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: cell, stem, tissue, marrow, bone. This video has 16 sentences and 284 words to shadow. The speech runs for 2:02. The speaker talks at a steady 140 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 73% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| marrow noun | /ˈmæɹəʊ/ | The substance inside bones which produces blood cells. |
| circulate verb | /ˈsɝ.kjʊˌleɪt/ | To move in circles or through a circuit. |
| migrate verb | /maɪˈɡɹeɪt/ | To relocate periodically from one region to another, usually according to the seasons. |
| renewal noun | The act of renewing. | |
| optimal adjective | /ˈɑptɪməl/ | The best, most favourable or desirable, especially under some restriction. |
| circulation noun | /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/ | The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began. |
| amplification noun | /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | The act, or result of amplifying, enlarging, extending or adding. |
| bloodstream noun | /ˈblʌd.stɹɪim/ | The flow of blood through the circulatory system of an animal |
| injure verb | /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ | To wound or cause physical harm to a living creature. |
| multiply verb | /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ | To increase the amount, degree or number of (something). |
| stromal adjective | /ˈstɹəʊ̯.məl/ | Of or relating to a stroma. |
| derive verb | /dɪˈɹaɪv/ | To obtain or receive (something) from something else. |
| messenger noun | /ˈmɛs.ən.d͡ʒɚ/ | One who brings messages. |
| extract noun | /ˈɛkstɹækt/ | Something that is extracted or drawn out. |
| thereby adverb | /ðɛɹˈbaɪ/ | By it; by that; by that means, or as a consequence of that. |
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | are then released · being secreted · have been documented |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | have been documented |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | cells, which are |
Pronunciation to watch
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
- Long words — get the stress right: circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like marrow, circulate, migrate.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.