Shadowing Practice: Talking about jobs and work in English - Learn English Speaking with Video
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110 משפטים
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talking about jobs and work in english Hi, in this lesson you will learn to talk firstly about your job and work in English and in the second half of the video we'll look at specific work-related vocabulary starting with verbs and adjectives and nouns and finally idioms and expressions that take your English to the next level!
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This section is very good training for those of you taking exams such as Cambridge First Certificate or CAE or IELTS.
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I will put the times down below so you can go to that part that interests you most first.
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Right, so first up, which questions might people ask you about your work?
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Firstly, the most basic question is something along these lines, they all mean kind of the same thing and this question is to find out more about your profession.
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So, they could be: Where do you work?
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What do you do?
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What do you do for a living?
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What sort of work do you do?
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What line of work are you in?
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What kind of company do you work for?
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Who do you work for?
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So, how can you reply to these questions?
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You can use the expression, "I'm a..." when you say the name of your profession.
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So, for instance: "I'm a doctor, a teacher or an engineer." or maybe you're student and you're doing an internship or a work placement to gain experience in a certain field of work that you're interested in going into.
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Or, maybe you're in training.
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you could say, "I'm training to be a doctor or an engineer." Maybe you do voluntary work, that is some kind of work where you don't get paid you, simply want to help and are doing something for experience or an impact it'll have.
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You might be a freelancer, that is someone who works on different projects with different companies instead of being employed by just one company.
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or maybe you can say, "I'm self-employed." that is you are not working for any particular company but you're finding work for yourself or you're having your own business If you have got your own business you could say, "I've got my own business." or "I run my own business." another useful expression is, "I work in..." here without the article the/a, we refer to this when we're talking to an area of work.
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Maybe you don't have a specific job title and you just want to say what your field of work is.
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So, for instance, "I work in education" or the health service or finance.
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You can also say, "I work in..." with an article to say where.
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So, "I work in the accounting department of X Y Z company." or I work in the marketing department of a company.
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So, if you use "the" or "a" you're talking about the actual physical place.
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So, for me I would say, "I work in a school teaching English." Or, if you want to say who you work for you'd say, "I work for..." and then the company so it could be Google or Barclays Bank or the Ministry of Education.
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So, for instance you could say: I work for a software development company.
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I work for an English language school I work for a law firm or I work for myself.
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So, putting that all together you could say something like this: "I'm a software engineer. I work in telecommunications actually I work for British Telecom." or I would say, "I work for an international company which teaches languages to children from 5 to18 years old." Think about what you could say, about your job.
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Practice saying the sentences out loud using the expressions "work in" and "work for." When you introduce yourself it's good to vary how you talk about your job and use different expressions as this makes you sound more interesting and natural.
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So, now let's look at how to talk about your job in more detail.
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Here we're talking about the hours you work.
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So friends might might ask you, "When do you start or finish work?" another way of saying this would be, "When are you off?" or even "When do you get off work?" How would you answer this?
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Maybe you work shifts, this is when you work for a period of time and so you do say, the night shift, you work a set number of hours during the night and these periods of time can change.
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So you might then do a night shift and then follow that a day shift.
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And companies often employs shift workers so that they can keep their business working 24 hours a day.
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So maybe you do shift work, or maybe you might do extra hours this is called overtime.
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So, maybe you normally finish work at say five but due to a big project you're going to do overtime so you could say, "I'm doing overtime tonight, I won't be home till late." Or maybe your boss might ask you, "Can you come in early?" Again it's to do extra hours either at the beginning or the end of the day.
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From time to time it's normal that you might need "to call in sick." for example, "John called in sick today." What about other times when you don't work.
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Maybe you've been doing lots of overtime and you need a break.
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You could say, "I need a vacation." I need a break, I need a holiday.
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Someone might ask you if you've had a break recently and ask if you've had any time off lately.
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maybe you work three days a week so you could say I work part time, rather than those than those who work full-time Or maybe you work fifty percent of the time so you job share you share one job between two people.
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So what about if you don't have a job?
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If you're out of work.
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You could say "I'm unemployed" or "on the dole." But it's often better to say something like, "I'm between jobs at the moment." which implies that it's a short-term situation.
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Whereas unemployed is more something that maybe it's more long-term, so maybe more negative.
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Or I am on a break or maybe you're taking a year off and then returning to the same company This we call taking a sabbatical year.
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"I'm taking a sabbatical." or maybe you're taking some time out to travel, spend time with the family.
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This means that you're not working at the moment because you want to focus on something else Or maybe you've finished your career and then you would say, "I'm retired." What about you?
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What's your situation? What hours do you work?
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Do you often work overtime? Does your boss ask you to come in early?
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Are you between jobs at the moment?
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OK, so now we've talked about your company where you work, what you do.
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Let's now look at how we can describe your job in more detail.
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What do you actually do all day?
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So for me I would say, I have to teach children English, I'm responsible for four classes and most of my time is spent inspiring young people and helping them to enjoy learning English.
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Think about your job. What can you say using these expressions?
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Think about all that we've seen so far.
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Practice talking about your job and work.
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It's a great way to get to know people and engage in really meaningful conversations.
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OK, so moving on to part two.
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In this section we will look at words and phrases that often appear in exams and vocabulary that would be very useful for you to know if you're going to talk about work or you're taking the FCE or IELTS.
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They're also very useful for you to talk about your work.
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So, now let's look at the verbs used when take talking about work.
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So I'm gonna tell you a story about Bob and his work situation.
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All the verbs I will use will appear on the screen to help you understand.
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So, let's get started.
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Bob left University and decided to apply for a job which he saw advertised in the newspaper.
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He filled in the application form and a few weeks later was asked to attend an interview.
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He was offered the job that same day.
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As he lived in a small town outside the city he had to commute every day.
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He was good at his job and very soon he was promoted.
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However the company he worked for was having problems.
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Two people were dismissed for stealing, and two of their friends resigned in sympathy.
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The directors decided to lay off five more workers because the company couldn't afford to keep them and the managing director decided to retire early.
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The atmosphere was so bad that Bob eventually decided to hand in his notice.
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OK, so now let's look at some adjectives you can use to describe your job or work.
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How do you feel about your work ?
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Do you like your job?
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Maybe you find the work interesting stimulating maybe it's satisfying or creative I hope it's rewarding or challenging.
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What about if you don't like your job?
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It may be boring or difficult or exhausting, thankless, mind-numbing, dead-end, soul-destroying.
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OK, so that's adjectives.
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Now let's look at nouns associated with work.
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So again I'm going to tell you a story and the words will come on the screen.
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A computer company had a vacancy for the position of salesperson and decided to advertise for a new employee. A lot of candidates with good qualifications and references applied for the job and after all the interviews had finished the directors made a shortlist of the best candidates and then invited them to come back for another interview. The person who eventually got the job was very happy after all she would receive an annual salary of 25,000 pounds with a 5% increment twice a year, a 15% commission for each computer she managed to sell, excellent perks such as private health insurance and a company car as well as a company pension to make sure she'd be well off when she retired and also the chance of a promotion from salesperson to Sales Manager if she was successful.
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All in all, her future prospects looked very good.
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So finally, let's look at some idioms and expressions that can be used when talking about work.
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What about if you do manual work in a factory?
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You're called a blue-collar worker, the collar is here.
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Whereas a secretary who works in an office would be described as a white-collar worker.
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Sometimes workers are not happy with the conditions at work so they refuse to work, they go on strike.
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Or if you work for a very small amount of money you might say that you are working for peanuts so you might put in for a rise this means that you ask for more money.
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Maybe your boss makes you work very hard for your money you could say that he's a slave driver but be careful because if you continue to work very long hours you might burn yourself out.
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If this happens you won't be able to continue working such long hours.
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Sometimes some lucky people get given a golden handshake when they leave a job maybe it's because they are retiring or leaving early and helping the company by leaving the job. This means that you get given a large sum of money when you leave.
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I hope you can be described as a high flyer as this means that you have great potential and ambition and will probably do very well at work.
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Maybe your boss might ask you "to carry the can" for a mistake he made.
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this means that he's asking you to take the blame for a mistake he made.
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When a company continues to work as usual even despite difficulties you can say that it is "business as usual." A headhunter is someone who looks at top managers and tries to find them jobs in a new company.
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And finally if you don't do your job right you might get fired this means that you lose your job.
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I hope this doesn't happen to you!
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Now it's your turn...
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Speak out loud using some of the new vocabulary you've learned today.
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What do you do for a living?
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Write it down in the comment section below and I promise I'll give you some feedback.
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So, that's it for today. I hope you feel more confident with any conversations or topics to do with work and jobs.
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Remember to subscribe to my channel so you don't miss out on any new videos that come out and there's some more videos here I think you might like.
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So I hope to see you very soon and thanks for watching.
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Talking about jobs and work in English
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “Talking about jobs and work in English”. בסרטון הזה יש 110 משפטים ו-2168 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 15:01. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-144 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. 88% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שקל לעקוב אחרי אוצר המילים. 24 מתוך 110 המשפטים שלו הם שאלות, כך שזה תרגול טוב לאינטונציה של שאלות ולתשובות קצרות.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| retire פועל | /ɹəˈtaɪɹ/ | פרש |
| adjective שם עצם | /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ | שֵׁם תּוֹאַר, שֵׁם תֹּאַר |
| verb שם עצם | /vɝb/ | פועל, פֹּעַל |
| vocabulary שם עצם | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | אוֹצַר מִלִּים |
| collar שם עצם | /ˈkɑlɚ/ | צווארון |
| idiom שם עצם | /ˈɪdiəm/ | מַטְבֵּעַ לָשׁוֹן, נִיב |
| sabbatical שם עצם | /səˈbætɪkəl/ | שבתון \ שַׁבָּתוֹן |
| salesperson שם עצם | מוֹכֵר, מוֹכֶרֶת | |
| noun שם עצם | /naʊn/ | שֵׁם עֶצֶם, שֵׁם |
| advertise פועל | /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/ | פרסם |
| unemployed שם תואר | /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/ | מובטל |
| handshake שם עצם | /ˈhæn(d)ˌʃeɪk/ | לְחִיצַת יָד |
| increment שם עצם | /ˈɪŋkɹɪmn̩t/ | תוספת |
| numb שם תואר | /nʌm/ | רדום, נרדם |
| internship שם עצם | /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/ | התמחות |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| come out פועל | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | יָצָא |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- What do you do for a living?
- What sort of work do you do?
- What line of work are you in?
- What kind of company do you work for?
- What about if you don't like your job?
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| משפטי תנאי (Conditional sentences) if + clause, will/would + verb — תנאי ותוצאה שלו | If this happens you won't be |
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | being employed · is called · is spent |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | you've had · you've finished · we've talked |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | someone who works · those who work · person who eventually |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-56 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו you're, I'm, don't. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: profession /pɹəˈfɛʃ.ən/, handshake /ˈhæn(d)ˌʃeɪk/, telecommunication /ˌtɛləkəˌmjunɪˈkeɪʃən/, internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, sabbatical /səˈbætɪkəl/, telecommunication /ˌtɛləkəˌmjunɪˈkeɪʃən/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, voluntary /ˈvɑ.lənˌt(ɛ)ɹi/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, sabbatical /səˈbætɪkəl/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, freelancer /ˈfɹiˌlæn.səɹ/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: retire /ɹəˈtaɪɹ/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, firstly /ˈfɜɹstli/, profession /pɹəˈfɛʃ.ən/, freelancer /ˈfɹiˌlæn.səɹ/
- עיצור קולי בסוף מילה — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ בלי להפוך אותם לאטומים: adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/, verb /vɝb/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, unemployed /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו retire, adjective, verb.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.