Shadowing Practice: The Man Who Survived Both Atomic Bombs - Learn English Speaking with Video
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143 משפטים
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On the morning of August 6th, 1945, the US bomber Enola Gay flew towards Hiroshima, carrying a weapon unlike anything the world had ever seen.
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The weapon was an atomic bomb, and very few outside of America even knew that such a thing existed.
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In minutes, the entire city would become a graveyard.
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But down on the ground in Hiroshima, it was a clear summer morning, and the city was just starting its normal day.
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This morning was special though, for a man named Tsutomu Yamaguchi.
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Tsutomo was 29 years old and worked as an engineer at shipyards.
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Tsutomo was from Nagasaki, but he had been living in Hiroshima for the past three months, designing ships for the Japanese Navy.
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Today was the last day of his three-month-long project though, and he had a train ticket later that evening to Nagasaki.
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Tsutomo was excited that he was finally about to go home to see his wife and child, but instead, he was about to step into history's deadliest nightmare.
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As he was arriving at the shipyard that morning, he heard a plane buzzing overhead.
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This wasn't anything uncommon given Japan was in the midst of World War II, but this plane sounded different.
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He looked up at the plane and immediately knew it was a B-29 bomber.
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Japan didn't have any B-29 bombers of their own, so he knew this couldn't be a Japanese plane.
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As he's watching the plane go over him, he sees something drop out the back of it.
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Two parachutes then deploy from this object, slowing the fall.
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Tsutomo is watching this object in the distance fall, trying to figure out exactly what it is.
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The object then dips below the trees, and it stays silent for another moment.
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Then suddenly, a crazy bright flash fills the sky, and it blinds Tsutomo.
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In this split second, Tsutomo is completely disoriented, but he knows this extremely bright flash is an explosion from afar.
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He knows that the sound is coming next.
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He immediately dives to the ground for cover
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and he rolls over into a ditch Covering his face with his hands
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and plugging his ears just in time to hear a massive thunderous boom
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The force of this blast is so strong
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that even though he was ducking for cover in the ditch
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The energy of the explosion lifted him off the ground and spun him in the air like a tornado
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Tsutomo remembers flying through the air spinning and then BAM he slams to the ground and is out.
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Tsutomo was only about 3 kilometers or 2 miles from where the bomb detonated, and just about everyone else around him was dead.
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In this moment, when Tsutomo was out cold, he remembered thinking in his head that he was dead himself.
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He had memories and images of his wife and child pop up in his head, feeling like they were circling around him.
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But then all of a sudden, Tsutomo started regaining consciousness.
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He's able to open his eyes, but everything around him looks dark.
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His ears are also ringing, and he can't even hear himself think.
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There's objects flying all around in the sky, and massive fires are raging all around him.
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But in this moment of complete disbelief and shock, Tsutomo knew he needed to survive this to see his family again one day.
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Tsutomo knew that he needed to find shelter.
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Tsutomo then started rushing towards an army shooting range that was nearby.
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Tsutomo had been to this shooting range before and remembered that it had very large concrete walls.
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The range was built almost like a concrete bunker.
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When he got to the shooting range, there was a bunch of Koreans inside who were also caught on the blast.
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Their clothes had been ripped off their bodies and they were as red as shrimp from the burns of the blast.
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They were in the bunker screaming, help, help, in Korean.
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But Tsutomo was just as badly injured and there wasn't anything he could do to help.
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Shortly after, two students from the Hiroshima Technical High School came into the range.
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One of the students looked at Tsutomo's burns and couldn't believe how bad they were.
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This student reached into his bag and pulled out a special ointment that had seashells mixed in with it.
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The student then rubbed this on Tsutomo's burns that that covered his entire body.
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Tsutomo found a mirror inside this range and couldn't even recognize himself in it.
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Much of his skin was peeling off his body and he knew he was going to need serious medical help.
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Tsutomo then decided he needed a venture back outside to find assistance.
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He wanted to try and return to the shipyard to see if any of his co-workers and friends were still alive there.
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After leaving the shooting range, Tsutomo passed by the completely destroyed Korean barracks.
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Korea was under Japanese rule during World War II, so Japan forced many of these Korean men to fight alongside them.
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It's estimated that 70-80,000 people died instantly during the blast of Hiroshima, and 20-30,000 of these people were Koreans.
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Unfortunately, Tsutomu was in no condition to try and help the survivors, so he carried on with his journey back to the shipyard.
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Once he finally returned to the company's shipyard, the devastation was unimaginable.
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The whole area was littered with burned corpses.
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The company's dormitory, which is where Tsutomo had been living for the past three months, was also completely destroyed, so Tsutomo didn't have many options for where he could sleep.
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He didn't have much energy left, and decided to just fall asleep on the riverbank amidst the burning city.
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The next morning, Tsutomo woke up and finally had some good news.
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He overheard from a few other survivors that there was an evacuation train leaving for Nagasaki later that morning.
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Somehow the rail track was just far enough away from the blast
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that it was still functional and was going to help people escape to Nagasaki.
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Tsutomo couldn't believe the news, but he wanted to make one final stop before returning to Nagasaki.
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He had to go to his parents' home in Okamachi, which was just outside of Hiroshima.
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Tsutomo had no way of knowing whether or not his parents were still alive, but he had to make the trip just in case they were.
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Tsutomo then traveled through the fiery and obliterated city and walked all the way to Okamachi.
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Another air raid siren started going off just as Tsutomo got to his parents' home.
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Nobody was home inside it seemed, but Tsutomo went in and sat down in front of the family's altar.
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He sat there and finally had a moment to decompress
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and wait out whatever attack may be coming given the alert from the air raid sirens.
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Eventually, the warning was lifted without any attack, and he heard his parents coming back to the home.
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On the way in, Tsutomo heard his mother and father talking.
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The mother said that, we'll have to go to Hiroshima and collect his remains.
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Then the father said, even if we go, we won't be able to recognize his body.
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We don't know where he died, and we won't be able to tell one body from another.
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It was at that very moment that the father
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and mother walked in to see Tsutomo sitting in front of the family's altar.
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At first, the parents were wondering who had broken into their home as Tsutomo wasn't even recognizable from his burns.
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Then Tsutomo spoke and his parents realized it was their son.
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Tsutomo couldn't stay here for long though as he had to
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make his way across town to catch the train heading for Nagasaki.
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Tsutomo wasn't gonna lose his chance to see his wife and kids again.
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In order to get to the train station, he had to pass over several bridges.
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As he would travel over these bridges, below Tsutomo saw what he described as a river of corpses.
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It was unlike anything you could ever imagine, and Tsutomo ended up writing a poem about this devastating experience titled,
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And the River Flowed as a Raft of Corpses.
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Finally, Tsutomo made it to the train station and boarded the overnight journey to Nagasaki.
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The next day, now on August 8th, 1945, Tsutomo's train made it back to Nagasaki.
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He immediately went straight to the Mitsubishi Hospital next to the Nagasaki station for medical treatment.
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Tsutomo later described the doctors as heroes and did everything they could to treat his wounds.
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Tsutomo ended up leaving the hospital looking like the Michelin Man, where his entire body was covered with bandages aside from his eyes, nose, and mouth.
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was finally able to make his way back home to see his wife and kids.
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His wife and kid, like his parents, didn't even recognize Tsutomo at first, especially because of the bandages that covered his entire body.
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They were completely shocked to see him alive, however.
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The next morning, on August 9th, 1945, now three days after Hiroshima was hit,
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Tsutomo started making his way to the Mitsubishi office in Nagasaki for work.
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Tsutomo is still severely injured and mentally traumatized.
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This may sound insane that he was going to work just three days after an atomic bomb's explosion,
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but generally in Japan, people tend to treat their jobs with an exceptionally high level of seriousness, loyalty, and responsibility, much more so than in other countries.
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Not to mention, Mitsubishi was building military equipment for Japan during the war, so Tsutomu likely felt an obligation to help his country.
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Once he got to his office, like back at home, nobody recognized Tsutomo at first.
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It was only when they heard his voice was when they said, Oh Yamaguchi, you made it back to Hiroshima alive?
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Tsutomo was causing quite a stir around the office and everybody gathered around.
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They kept saying, He's back!
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Yamaguchi is back!
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Then Tsutomo's manager pulled him aside to figure out exactly what happened.
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There was a lot of confusion in Japan in the early hours and even days after Hiroshima was attacked.
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It sounded at first like just another city had been bombed by the United States.
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Tsutomo told his manager, though, that Hiroshima had been hit with just one bomb and the entire city was destroyed because of it.
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Everyone, including his manager, was refusing to believe this could be the case.
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They said things like, there is no way one bomb could destroy an entire city like Hiroshima.
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They also kept joking with Tsutomou by saying things like, you're an engineer, you must know that one bomb can't destroy an entire city as large as Hiroshima.
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Sutomo's manager was going on by saying, it must be the hit you took to your head.
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That must have done something to you.
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Others were even saying, I think this guy has lost his mind.
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I thought he was an engineer.
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As everyone was railing on Sutomo, not believing his story, right then, another flash came, similar to the one Sutomo had just lived through.
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This flash blinded him for a second, and then the energy of the explosion ripped off most of Sutomo's bandages.
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He's been through this before though and knows exactly what's coming this time.
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Tsutomu immediately dives under his desk without saying a word, and then moments later a massive boom thunders through the office.
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All the windows chatter and debris and glass fly everywhere.
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A second atomic bomb had just been dropped, this time on Nagasaki.
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This time though, he's not quite as injured as he was in Hiroshima.
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Tsutomu was at a similar distance away from ground zero of the blast, just about 3 kilometers but there was a small hill separating his office from ground zero,
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adding just enough protection to survive.
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Tsutomo rushed out of the office bow and ran back home to see if his wife and child were still alive.
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As he's running, he's making his way through thick clouds of ash and there's fires popping up all around him.
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He finally arrives back at his home, but is devastated to see that the whole thing had been reduced to just a pile of rubble.
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Tsutomo can't believe it and has no clue if his wife and kids were inside at the time of the blast.
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Tsutomo's wife had actually been outside of the house helping dig bomb shelters.
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She was inside one of these shelters working on digging more soil when the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki.
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Thankfully Tsutomo's wife was still alive and she was rushing back to the house.
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As for Tsutomo's son, he was outside with another girl from the neighborhood playing in the yard.
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As the explosion happened, a roof tile came flying and hit his son in the head.
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This is when the son said ouch for the first time.
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Miraculously though, the son and the schoolgirl survived only with minor injuries.
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Tsutomou had now just become a survivor of the only two atomic bombs ever dropped on civilians and somehow his wife, child, and even parents were all still alive.
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Tsu-Tomo ended up living an incredibly long life, living to 93 years old, until he finally passed away in 2010 due to cancer.
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But this story isn't the only time in history where fate seemed to defy all odds.
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In another disaster, decades later, just four people would survive one of the darkest attacks in modern history.
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The four people who survived above where the plane hit on 9-11 in the South Tower.
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You can find that video right here.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “The Man Who Survived Both Atomic Bombs”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: Tsutomo, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, wife, bomb. בסרטון הזה יש 143 משפטים ו-2272 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 12:49. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-177 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. 83% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית; כדאי ללמוד את השאר לפני שמתחילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| atomic שם תואר | /əˈtɑː.mɪk/ | אָטוֹמִי |
| bandage שם עצם | /ˈbæn.dɪd͡ʒ/ | תַּחְבֹּשֶׁת |
| bomber שם עצם | /ˈbɑmɚ/ | מפציץ |
| siren שם עצם | /ˈsaɪɹən/ | סִּירֵנה |
| altar שם עצם | /ˈɔl.tɚ/ | מִזְבֵּחַ, בָּמָה |
| ditch שם עצם | /dɪt͡ʃ/ | חֲפִיר, תְּעָלָה |
| dive פועל | /daɪv/ | צָלַל |
| raid שם עצם | /ɹeɪd/ | פְּשִׁיטָה |
| barrack שם עצם | /ˈbæɹ.ək/ | קְסַרְקְטִין, אַכְסַנְיָא |
| chatter פועל | /ˈt͡ʃætɚ/ | קשקש, טָרָרָם |
| detonate פועל | /ˈdɛtəneɪt/ | התפוצץ |
| dormitory שם עצם | /ˈdɔɹ.mɪˌtɔɹ.i/ | חדר שינה |
| obliterate פועל | /əˈblɪtəˌɹeɪt/ | מָחָה, הִכְחִיד |
| ointment שם עצם | /ˈɔɪn(t)m(ə)nt/ | מִשְׁחָה |
| riverbank שם עצם | /ˈɹɪv.ɚˌbæŋk/ | גדות |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| figure out פועל | הֵבִין, מצא תשובה | |
| drop out פועל | נָשַׁר | |
| wake up פועל | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | התעורר |
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | is completely disoriented · was built · were also caught |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | dormitory, which is · Okamachi, which was · people who survived |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | has lost · He's been |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-23 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו couldn't, didn't, wasn't. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: thunderous /ˈθʌn.də.ɹəs/, thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: shipyard /ˈʃɪpˌjɑɹd/, devastation /ˌdɛ.vəˈsteɪ.ʃən/, seashell /ˈsiˌʃɛl/, parachute /ˈpæɹəʃut/, exceptionally /ɪkˈsɛp(t)ʃənəli/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: devastation /ˌdɛ.vəˈsteɪ.ʃən/, disorient /dɪsˈɔːɹi.ənt/, dormitory /ˈdɔɹ.mɪˌtɔɹ.i/, miraculously /məˈɹækjələsli/, obliterate /əˈblɪtəˌɹeɪt/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: bandage /ˈbæn.dɪd͡ʒ/, barrack /ˈbæɹ.ək/, chatter /ˈt͡ʃætɚ/, miraculously /məˈɹækjələsli/, riverbank /ˈɹɪv.ɚˌbæŋk/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: shipyard /ˈʃɪpˌjɑɹd/, siren /ˈsaɪɹən/, raid /ɹeɪd/, barrack /ˈbæɹ.ək/, decompress /diːkəmˈpɹɛs/
- עיצור קולי בסוף מילה — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ בלי להפוך אותם לאטומים: shipyard /ˈʃɪpˌjɑɹd/, bandage /ˈbæn.dɪd͡ʒ/, dive /daɪv/, raid /ɹeɪd/, traumatize /ˈtɹɔ.mə.taɪz/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו atomic, bandage, bomber.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.