शैडोइंग अभ्यास: HTML Lists Tutorial | HTML5 List Types: Ordered, Unordered & Description - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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149 वाक्य

यदि वाक्य बहुत छोटे या लंबे हों, तो समायोजित करने के लिए Edit पर क्लिक करें।

Hello and welcome.

Hi, I'm Dave.

This tutorial is part of a beginners HTML series.

I'll be using the Chrome web browser, the Visual Studio Code editor, and the live server extension for Visual Studio Code to view the web page.

There are links to these tools, starter code files, and all resources in the description below.

Let's look at how to create lists on a web page.

Lists are very useful and are used in many places on the web.

So we have three different types of lists we're going to create today.

Ordered lists, unordered lists, and description lists.

Let's start out with recapping here.

We've got Visual Studio Code on the left, and I've got the head element collapsed.

So we had meta details inside of there.

We can collapse that by clicking on the arrow by the line

and you see between lines between four and 11 are now collapsed.

So we're working inside of the body element to add content to the page.

And this is Visual Studio Code and I'm running the live server extension.

You can see down here it says port 5500 click to close server.

If you've installed the live server extension it may say click to launch

or something like that which would actually launch your web page for you because that's how you want to view it

in a development environment you don't want to just go to file

and open the file in your browser you want to have

that live server running that simulates a web server

if you're not familiar with the live server extension you can click on the extensions logo here

and instead of searching for prettier

that i have in there you can search for live server

and you can install that live server extension by writwick day right here okay

so we've recapped all of

that here's the file tree with our files i'm going to hide

that by clicking the file explorer here

so we can see more of our code

and we will add lists to our web page today

so i'll scroll down to under the subtopic of my daily schedule

and notice how we had these line breaks

and spaces here well we're going to replace these

so I'm highlighting the first one and then I'm going to press ctrl D

that highlights the next one

and ctrl D again now it has highlighted all three of those

and instead of this line break I'm going to type LI

and press tab that adds a list item

but we haven't enclosed this in a list yet

and we definitely don't need the closing list items here

so once again ctrl D ctrl D so all three of these will be list items, but they need to be inside of a list too.

So let's make this an ordered list by starting out with an OL

and I'll press tab and we got the closing OL tag as well.

That stands for ordered list as you might expect.

And I'm going to actually put the OL down here after the paragraph tag, the closing paragraph tag, and I'm going to cut with control X

or you could retype if you want to

and I pasted the closing paragraph tag right after the end of let me tell you how.

So this is a shortened paragraph now and the list will not be inside of the paragraph.

Now we have our ordered list but it also needs closing li text.

So I'm going to type the less than symbol

and a slash in Visual Studio Code instantly filled in the closing the rest of what is needed there

and i'll do that again for the second one

and then i'll do that here for the last one

and notice we do have the abbreviation still nested inside of the list item here

so now i'm going to press ctrl s and save

and visual studio code reformatted that just a little for me

but look at our page now that we've added this list it's an ordered list and it is numbered

That means it's in order, numerical order, one, two, and three.

Notice these are not, this text is not enclosed inside of a paragraph element.

So it's not creating that extra space that a paragraph element does.

They're stacked right on top of each other.

There's still a little bit of space, but not like we have between our paragraphs.

So that is an ordered list.

We start out with the ordered list element,

and then the list items go inside it and each list item is starting and then ending with the LI.

Now let's scroll down and look at our vacation area.

It says I'm also planning a vacation and we've got a places I would like to visit area.

So after that, let's go ahead and add a UL, which as you might guess stands for unordered list.

And we'll go ahead and cut that closing tag.

And I want to put it after the address here at the bottom

so this will be our full list now we need to declare list items here

In this instance, I'm going to go ahead and keep the paragraph tags inside each list item.

So we created an LI there, and I'll use

Control -X to cut and close that first list item here for the first paragraph.

I'll do something similar here.

Got an LI, but the closing one is going to be in a different spot

because our list item can have these tags nested within it, just like we nested the paragraph here.

I'm going to go ahead and nest the paragraph and the address inside of the list item here.

And so now if I save and Visual Studio Code reformatted my code for me, but notice here's the beginning of the list item,

and we have the end way down here after the address.

So let's look at what this unordered list looks like on our page.

And you can see instead of numbers, it has dots.

It does have the extra space created by the paragraph tags

and the address element still has the content that it had before

and still formatted the same but notice our ordered list

and our unordered list are both indented compared to being over here flush to the left with everything else

we had like they were before

so similar in formatting from an ordered list to an unordered list

and also realize

that the really the only difference is the bullet point here in an unordered list versus the number in an ordered list.

The extra spaces were caused by the paragraph element inside of these unordered list items,

and we did not use a paragraph element on these ordered list items.

So the list itself and the list items did not create the extra space.

That was created by the paragraph elements.

Now let's scroll our page.

We've got enough content.

We need to make sure we're visiting in the very bottom here, we want to add more under place I want to avoid.

And I'm going to change that to places I want to avoid.

100

And let's go ahead and remove our paragraph that says anywhere cold, no way.

101

And let's add a description list here.

102

So a description list, as you might guess, starts with DL.

103

Now inside the description list, there are two different types of elements instead of just an

104

li like we had in our other lists for a list item we have a description term

105

and this description term could be the place we want to talk about

106

so let's say the north pole

107

and now for the description term we need to also have description details

108

so that's dd and here i can put i hear this is now let's go ahead

109

and put our strong emphasis back here

110

And I'll put cold and then our exclamation mark.

111

So we have put a strong emphasis on cold.

112

And now I'll create an extra line here just to space these apart.

113

Another DT.

114

I'll put the south pole.

115

And then DD for the details, description details.

116

And I'll say this is also cold.

117

And let's add one more description term and this will be mountaintops and DD for description details.

118

And these, if I spell these, these are also cold.

119

Now, if we save, let's scroll just a little bit more so we can see all of our content here.

120

You can see our description list has a different format than the ordered list and the unordered list.

121

Our description term is to the left, and then the description details are indented to the right.

122

But here is our full list of the North Pole, South Pole, and mountaintops.

123

We want to avoid all of these places when we go on our vacation.

124

With these new lists now added to our file, let's go ahead and create an error on purpose just to see

125

if we have an error in our page when we check it at our validator .w3 .org.

126

And here I'm going to choose file upload.

127

And I may have to switch folders.

128

Let's see.

129

No, I'm in the right one.

130

So I'll just choose index .3.

131

I think we're on lesson four and I forgot to change the file,

132

but I'll do that to make sure that the GitHub repo with all the source code is correct.

133

So let's go ahead and check this file

134

and yes we have some errors because we created one specifically let's see

135

if that's our only error as we have noted in the past one error can create a cascade

136

or a lot of errors so now I've formatted this correctly let's go ahead

137

and load our file back up so we'll choose file

138

We'll choose that index .html file again, and click check.

139

Now, everything is okay.

140

Document checking complete.

141

No errors or warnings to show.

142

So realize if you have an error, it could just be one small syntax error that creates a cascade of errors when we're checking.

143

But this is a great way to learn and, of course, look at the details of the code

144

and it's always a good idea to validate your code after

145

you write it to make sure you don't have any syntax errors.

146

Remember to keep striving for progress over perfection and a little progress every day will go a very long way.

147

Please give this video a like if it's helped you and thank you for watching and subscribing.

148

You're helping my channel grow.

149

Have a great day and let's write more code together very soon.

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

यह स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “HTML Lists Tutorial” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: paragraph, item, description, code, file। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 149 वाक्य और 1796 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 10:45 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 167 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। 84% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:

शब्द	उच्चारण	अर्थ
paragraph संज्ञा	/ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/	अनुच्छेद, पैराग्राफ़
element संज्ञा	/ˈɛləmənt/	तत्त्व
server संज्ञा	/ˈsɝvɚ/	सर्वर
pole संज्ञा	/pəʊl/	ध्रुव, क़ुतुब
nest संज्ञा	/nɛst/	घोसला, घोंसला
scroll संज्ञा	/skɹoʊl/	पुस्तक
vacation संज्ञा	/veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/	छुट्टी
collapse क्रिया	/kəˈlæps/	गिरना
syntax संज्ञा	/ˈsɪn.tæks/	वाक्यरचना, वाक्यविन्यास
lesson संज्ञा	/ˈlɛs.ən/	पाठ, सबक़
compare क्रिया	/kəmˈpɛɚ/	तौलना
resource संज्ञा	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	संसाधन
symbol संज्ञा	/ˈsɪmbəl/	प्रतीक, चिह्न
logo संज्ञा	/ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/	लोगो
bullet संज्ञा	/ˈbʊlɪt/	गोली

वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब

शब्द	उच्चारण	अर्थ
go ahead क्रिया	/ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/	आगे बढ़ना

दोहराने लायक वाक्य

वीडियो के छोटे, पूरे वाक्य जिन्हें आप रोज़ की बातचीत में इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:

Let's start out with recapping here.
I'll do something similar here.
I'll put the south pole.
No, I'm in the right one.
You're helping my channel grow.

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचना	वीडियो में
Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है	you've installed · we've recapped · has highlighted
Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है	are used · are now collapsed · is needed
“might / may” से संभावना might/may + क्रिया — जो हो सकता है पर पक्का नहीं	may say · might expect · might guess
“going to” से भविष्य be going to + क्रिया — योजना या जो साफ़ होने वाला है	we're going to create · i'm going to hide · we're going to replace

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

वक्ता 53 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, I'll, we're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।

“sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: extension /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, perfection /pɚˈfɛk.ʃən/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/
लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: numerical /n(j)uːˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kəl/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/

हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:

/v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: server /ˈsɝvɚ/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, strive /ˈstɹaɪv/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/
/z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: browser /ˈbɹaʊ.zəɹ/, resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, enclose /ɪnˈkloʊz/
शब्द की शुरुआत में s + व्यंजन — पहले “इ” न जोड़ें: scroll /skɹoʊl/, spell /spɛl/, stack /stæk/, starter /ˈstɑɹ.tɚ/, strive /ˈstɹaɪv/

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर paragraph, element, server जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

शैडोइंग तकनीक: पूरी चरण-दर-चरण गाइड पढ़ें →

शैडोइंग अभ्यास: HTML Lists Tutorial | HTML5 List Types: Ordered, Unordered & Description - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब

दोहराने लायक वाक्य

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?