跟讀練習: HTML Lists Tutorial | HTML5 List Types: Ordered, Unordered & Description - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Hello and welcome.

Hi, I'm Dave.

This tutorial is part of a beginners HTML series.

I'll be using the Chrome web browser, the Visual Studio Code editor, and the live server extension for Visual Studio Code to view the web page.

There are links to these tools, starter code files, and all resources in the description below.

Let's look at how to create lists on a web page.

Lists are very useful and are used in many places on the web.

So we have three different types of lists we're going to create today.

Ordered lists, unordered lists, and description lists.

Let's start out with recapping here.

We've got Visual Studio Code on the left, and I've got the head element collapsed.

So we had meta details inside of there.

We can collapse that by clicking on the arrow by the line

and you see between lines between four and 11 are now collapsed.

So we're working inside of the body element to add content to the page.

And this is Visual Studio Code and I'm running the live server extension.

You can see down here it says port 5500 click to close server.

If you've installed the live server extension it may say click to launch

or something like that which would actually launch your web page for you because that's how you want to view it

in a development environment you don't want to just go to file

and open the file in your browser you want to have

that live server running that simulates a web server

if you're not familiar with the live server extension you can click on the extensions logo here

and instead of searching for prettier

that i have in there you can search for live server

and you can install that live server extension by writwick day right here okay

so we've recapped all of

that here's the file tree with our files i'm going to hide

that by clicking the file explorer here

so we can see more of our code

and we will add lists to our web page today

so i'll scroll down to under the subtopic of my daily schedule

and notice how we had these line breaks

and spaces here well we're going to replace these

so I'm highlighting the first one and then I'm going to press ctrl D

that highlights the next one

and ctrl D again now it has highlighted all three of those

and instead of this line break I'm going to type LI

and press tab that adds a list item

but we haven't enclosed this in a list yet

and we definitely don't need the closing list items here

so once again ctrl D ctrl D so all three of these will be list items, but they need to be inside of a list too.

So let's make this an ordered list by starting out with an OL

and I'll press tab and we got the closing OL tag as well.

That stands for ordered list as you might expect.

And I'm going to actually put the OL down here after the paragraph tag, the closing paragraph tag, and I'm going to cut with control X

or you could retype if you want to

and I pasted the closing paragraph tag right after the end of let me tell you how.

So this is a shortened paragraph now and the list will not be inside of the paragraph.

Now we have our ordered list but it also needs closing li text.

So I'm going to type the less than symbol

and a slash in Visual Studio Code instantly filled in the closing the rest of what is needed there

and i'll do that again for the second one

and then i'll do that here for the last one

and notice we do have the abbreviation still nested inside of the list item here

so now i'm going to press ctrl s and save

and visual studio code reformatted that just a little for me

but look at our page now that we've added this list it's an ordered list and it is numbered

That means it's in order, numerical order, one, two, and three.

Notice these are not, this text is not enclosed inside of a paragraph element.

So it's not creating that extra space that a paragraph element does.

They're stacked right on top of each other.

There's still a little bit of space, but not like we have between our paragraphs.

So that is an ordered list.

We start out with the ordered list element,

and then the list items go inside it and each list item is starting and then ending with the LI.

Now let's scroll down and look at our vacation area.

It says I'm also planning a vacation and we've got a places I would like to visit area.

So after that, let's go ahead and add a UL, which as you might guess stands for unordered list.

And we'll go ahead and cut that closing tag.

And I want to put it after the address here at the bottom

so this will be our full list now we need to declare list items here

In this instance, I'm going to go ahead and keep the paragraph tags inside each list item.

So we created an LI there, and I'll use

Control -X to cut and close that first list item here for the first paragraph.

I'll do something similar here.

Got an LI, but the closing one is going to be in a different spot

because our list item can have these tags nested within it, just like we nested the paragraph here.

I'm going to go ahead and nest the paragraph and the address inside of the list item here.

And so now if I save and Visual Studio Code reformatted my code for me, but notice here's the beginning of the list item,

and we have the end way down here after the address.

So let's look at what this unordered list looks like on our page.

And you can see instead of numbers, it has dots.

It does have the extra space created by the paragraph tags

and the address element still has the content that it had before

and still formatted the same but notice our ordered list

and our unordered list are both indented compared to being over here flush to the left with everything else

we had like they were before

so similar in formatting from an ordered list to an unordered list

and also realize

that the really the only difference is the bullet point here in an unordered list versus the number in an ordered list.

The extra spaces were caused by the paragraph element inside of these unordered list items,

and we did not use a paragraph element on these ordered list items.

So the list itself and the list items did not create the extra space.

That was created by the paragraph elements.

Now let's scroll our page.

We've got enough content.

We need to make sure we're visiting in the very bottom here, we want to add more under place I want to avoid.

And I'm going to change that to places I want to avoid.

100

And let's go ahead and remove our paragraph that says anywhere cold, no way.

101

And let's add a description list here.

102

So a description list, as you might guess, starts with DL.

103

Now inside the description list, there are two different types of elements instead of just an

104

li like we had in our other lists for a list item we have a description term

105

and this description term could be the place we want to talk about

106

so let's say the north pole

107

and now for the description term we need to also have description details

108

so that's dd and here i can put i hear this is now let's go ahead

109

and put our strong emphasis back here

110

And I'll put cold and then our exclamation mark.

111

So we have put a strong emphasis on cold.

112

And now I'll create an extra line here just to space these apart.

113

Another DT.

114

I'll put the south pole.

115

And then DD for the details, description details.

116

And I'll say this is also cold.

117

And let's add one more description term and this will be mountaintops and DD for description details.

118

And these, if I spell these, these are also cold.

119

Now, if we save, let's scroll just a little bit more so we can see all of our content here.

120

You can see our description list has a different format than the ordered list and the unordered list.

121

Our description term is to the left, and then the description details are indented to the right.

122

But here is our full list of the North Pole, South Pole, and mountaintops.

123

We want to avoid all of these places when we go on our vacation.

124

With these new lists now added to our file, let's go ahead and create an error on purpose just to see

125

if we have an error in our page when we check it at our validator .w3 .org.

126

And here I'm going to choose file upload.

127

And I may have to switch folders.

128

Let's see.

129

No, I'm in the right one.

130

So I'll just choose index .3.

131

I think we're on lesson four and I forgot to change the file,

132

but I'll do that to make sure that the GitHub repo with all the source code is correct.

133

So let's go ahead and check this file

134

and yes we have some errors because we created one specifically let's see

135

if that's our only error as we have noted in the past one error can create a cascade

136

or a lot of errors so now I've formatted this correctly let's go ahead

137

and load our file back up so we'll choose file

138

We'll choose that index .html file again, and click check.

139

Now, everything is okay.

140

Document checking complete.

141

No errors or warnings to show.

142

So realize if you have an error, it could just be one small syntax error that creates a cascade of errors when we're checking.

143

But this is a great way to learn and, of course, look at the details of the code

144

and it's always a good idea to validate your code after

145

you write it to make sure you don't have any syntax errors.

146

Remember to keep striving for progress over perfection and a little progress every day will go a very long way.

147

Please give this video a like if it's helped you and thank you for watching and subscribing.

148

You're helping my channel grow.

149

Have a great day and let's write more code together very soon.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“HTML Lists Tutorial”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：paragraph, item, description, code, file。這段影片共有 149 個句子、1796 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 10:45。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 167 個詞，接近日常對話。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
paragraph 名詞	/ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/	段, 段落
element 名詞	/ˈɛləmənt/	要素
server 名詞	/ˈsɝvɚ/	伺服器 /伺服器, 伺服器
format 名詞	/ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/	格式, 開本 /開本
pole 名詞	/pəʊl/	極 /極
nest 名詞	/nɛst/	вә, 岫
scroll 名詞	/skɹoʊl/	條幅 /條幅, 卷軸 /卷軸
tag 名詞	/tæɡ/	標簽 /標籤
vacation 名詞	/veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/	假期
highlight 動詞	/ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/	凸顯 /凸顯, 強調 /強調
collapse 動詞	/kəˈlæps/	倒坍, 崩潰 /崩潰
emphasis 名詞	/ˈɛmfəsɪs/	強調 /強調
syntax 名詞	/ˈsɪn.tæks/	句法
lesson 名詞	/ˈlɛs.ən/	課業 /課業, -課 /-課
compare 動詞	/kəmˈpɛɚ/	比, 比較 /比較

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	發音	釋義
go ahead 動詞	/ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/	請便 /請便

值得反覆跟讀的句子

影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：

Let's start out with recapping here.
I'll do something similar here.
I'll put the south pole.
No, I'm in the right one.
You're helping my channel grow.

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	you've installed · we've recapped · has highlighted
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	are used · are now collapsed · is needed
用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 動詞 — 有可能但不確定的事	may say · might expect · might guess
“going to” 表將來 be going to + 動詞 — 計劃或明顯即將發生的事	we're going to create · i'm going to hide · we're going to replace

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 53 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 I'm, I'll, we're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: extension /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, perfection /pɚˈfɛk.ʃən/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/
長單詞——注意重音位置: numerical /n(j)uːˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kəl/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: server /ˈsɝvɚ/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, strive /ˈstɹaɪv/, abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: paragraph /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/, element /ˈɛləmənt/, format /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/, nest /nɛst/, tag /tæɡ/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: scroll /skɹoʊl/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/, explorer /ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/, tutorial /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/, numerical /n(j)uːˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kəl/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 paragraph, element, server 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: HTML Lists Tutorial | HTML5 List Types: Ordered, Unordered & Description - 通過影片學習英語口語

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