Pratica di Shadowing: Statics: Lesson 46 - Distributed Loads Using Centroids - Impara a parlare inglese con i video

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hey welcome back team today we're talking about distributed loads we've finished chapter set chapter 9

which was Centroids

and now I'm kind of going to jump you back to chapter 4 to talk about distributed loads

because really distribute loads I think it's kind of out of place until you talk about Centroids

and then they really make sense okay we know about Centroids center of volume, center of mass, center of area,

center of weight, center of pressure, right?

Distributed loads has a lot to do with that, okay?

So when you say a distributed load, what is a distributed load?

Well, it's like me standing on the floor, okay?

My weight is distributor over the size of my foot.

Or it's like this textbook.

If I lay this textbook on the table,

this textbook has weight, but that weight is not a point load or a concentrated load like we've been used to, right?

Like that.

That's what we're used to.

But this book actually has the weight spread out all over the whole thing

so that that weight is distributed across an area that's why we call it a distributed load some things

that you might see for

that um maybe maybe a snow load on a roof let's say you were designing a roof

or a building

and you needed to account for the snow load

now in texas where we are there we don't get a lot of snow

so we don't have to worry about that but

if you're up north then you have like a three or four foot storm that dumps that much snow

that could be a tremendous amount of weight on the roof.

If that kind of snow hit Texas,

it would collapse most buildings in Texas because they're just not designed to take that kind of weight on the roof.

So the distributed load looks something like this.

You'll see it given in some kind of weight per length.

In this case, 100 pounds per feet.

So for every foot I go, I'm going to accumulate 100 pounds of weight.

That's what the distributed load looks like.

And this is what we call a rectangular distributed load.

So it's even across the whole thing, okay?

So how do we deal with that?

I know how to deal with that, but I don't know how to deal with that, okay?

And so it would go something like this, right?

You would calculate the size of the distributed load by looking at how much of it you have.

So it's 100 pounds per feet over four feet.

So that would be 400 pounds.

And where do you apply that?

What we're doing here is we're converting a distributed load into a concentrated load just to simplify things

so that we can solve it as a regular old statics problem.

So that would be 400 pounds, right?

So you do 100 pounds per feet times four feet, right?

The feet cancel out and I'm left with just pounds, okay?

So that's where that comes from.

And then where do you apply it?

At the center, okay?

So distributed loads are all around us.

Let me give it to you this way.

Let's say that you want to go dancing, okay?

And you can go dancing, you can dance with me

or you could dance with lovely linda okay now i am full man size okay 220 pounds

that's full man size but lovely linda she's only 120 pounds okay

so who are you gonna dance with well before

we make up our mind let me tell you one thing me and Linda, we're both really bad dancers, okay?

And we're going to step on your foot, okay?

Now, I only go dancing in my cowboy boots, right?

And the heel of my cowboy boots is four inches by three inches, okay?

And so, lovely Linda, she only dances in her stiletto high heels because it makes her legs look good, you know what I mean?

And those little stilettos have a little high heel

that is a quarter of an inch by a quarter of an inch okay

now you're going to get stepped on i guarantee you that

because we're not that good at dancers okay

so let me tell you something you'll run into in solids

and that is stress okay

and stress is what we call the intensity of the force okay

so stress is p over a in other words the force divided by the area

that it's distributed over So in my case, you'd have 220 pounds divided by 3 times 4, 12 inches squared.

Now that's going to give me PSI, okay?

Where lovely Linda, lovely Linda over here is 120 pounds divided by a quarter times a quarter.

That is 0 .0625 inches squared.

And let's see what we get here.

So, if you're dancing with me, you get 220 divided by 12, you're going to feel 18 .3 PSI, okay?

but if you're dancing with linda over there 120 divided by 0 .0625 you're going to feel

1 ,920 psi okay now i don't know what the sheer stress of skin is

but you may be you know if i step on you it's going to hurt

but if she steps on you she may be standing on the floor like through your foot, right?

Punctured a hole right in you.

So, that's distributed load.

If you take a big load and you distribute it over a bigger area, the intensity of the force is much less,

whereas a smaller load even over a very small area, the intensity of the load is very high, okay?

So, when do we see this kind of stuff in real life?

Let's say, I've got me a truck drawn over here.

Let's say you go to the hardware store, okay?

You're building a new house and they're going to deliver it to you

and so what they do is they go out

and they stack up two by fours okay

and two by fours look like this okay and let's say that two by fours were i don't know

500 pounds per foot

and then the little guy at the hardware store thought he'd be clever

there was going to be some cinder blocks on there

so he stacked them like up high but then he went every row, he stacked them one less.

So he had like this triangular load here.

Okay.

Very clever little brick stacker guy.

And what we do on triangular loads is we only give you the tallest point.

So let's say that's 700 pounds per foot.

100

At this end, it's zero pounds per feet, isn't it?

101

And then, I don't know, for some reason on that job site, they also were asking for a whole pallet full of helium okay maybe helium

102

and so that load is like this 200 pounds per feet

103

but it's going upwards right it's it's pulling upwards okay so

104

and if we look at this you might say well okay

105

uh find the reactions on the tires okay

106

so we could say over here maybe we have a by and then over here,

107

I have an AY, and I could solve for those reaction forces on those tires

108

if I can convert those distributed loads into concentrated loads.

109

Well, this first one, let me just, let me, let's make up some numbers here.

110

This looks like 15 feet.

111

I'm going to do numbers that I can do in my head.

112

How about that?

113

20 feet.

114

Okay.

115

And this is 20 feet, which would make this back here 13 feet.

116

Okay.

117

It's a 53 foot trailer.

118

That's how long, that's how long most flatbed tractor trailers are, 53 feet.

119

Okay.

120

So this bit up here is 500 times 20.

121

That's going to be 10 ,000, isn't it?

122

And where would I apply that?

123

Right there.

124

So that's 10 ,000 pounds.

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And I would apply that right in the center of

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that rectangle because the centroid of a rectangle is half the base, right?

127

Then this guy, and all I'm doing, think about this as an area.

128

Think about the 500 as the height, and the 20 as the width, and I'm finding the area.

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You can't go out with a tape measure and measure that area, but it's an area, okay?

130

This area here is 700 tall by 20, but it's a triangle, so I'm going to treat it like an area.

131

I've got to divide that by two, so that would be like 700 times 10, which would be 7 ,000.

132

And where would you put that 7 ,000 pounds?

133

Well, I put it like right there.

134

Okay.

135

Why right there?

136

Well, it's at one third the base of the triangle, right?

137

So this distance right here would be 20 over three.

138

Okay.

139

That's centroid stuff, isn't it?

140

and then over here oh the only tricky part about this is the arrows are going up instead of down

141

so this is 200 times 13 which would be 2600 and I would put that right there Okay.

142

2 ,600 pounds.

143

And it's in the middle of the 13.

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And so now, now I've got three concentrated loads where I used to have distributed loads.

145

I can solve that like a regular old statics problem, right?

146

Take the moment at A and I got 400 times two rotating me negative.

147

I got 500 times six rotating me negative plus BY times seven rotating me positive

148

and just solve it like every problem we've done.

149

So distributed load problems should be really easy for you if you know what a centroid is,

150

because all you gotta do is calculate the area of this shape, 100 times four, right?

151

Apply that load at the centroid of that shape and then just work it like a regular old statics problem, okay?

152

So when I come back, we'll work one of those problems in the next video and maybe that'll make more sense to you.

153

So hope that helps.

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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione

Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Statics: Lesson 46 - Distributed Loads Using Centroids”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: load, distributed, pounds, feet, weight. Questo video contiene 153 frasi e 1627 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 10:42. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 152 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 86% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare. 40 delle sue 153 frasi sono domande: un buon esercizio per l’intonazione interrogativa e le risposte brevi.

Vocaboli chiave di questo video

15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:

Parola	Pronuncia	Significato
distribute verbo	/dɪˈstɹɪbjuːt/	distribuire
divide verbo	/dɪˈvaɪd/	dividere, dividersi
solve verbo	/sɒlv/	risolvere
concentrate verbo	/ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/	concentrare
distress sostantivo	/dɪˈstɹɛs/	angoscia, pena
intensity sostantivo	/ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/	intensità
stack sostantivo	/stæk/	pila, bica
heel sostantivo	/hil/	tallone, calcagno
textbook sostantivo	/ˈtɛkst.bʊk/	libro di testo
rotate verbo	/ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/	ruotare
trailer sostantivo	/ˈtɹeɪlɚ/	rimorchio
hardware sostantivo	/ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/	ferramenta
boot sostantivo	/but/	stivale, scarpone
convert verbo	/kənˈvɝt/	convertire
tire verbo	/ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/	affaticarsi

I phrasal verb che sentirai

Parola	Pronuncia	Significato
make up verbo	/ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/	comporsi
come back verbo		tornare
go out verbo		uscire, andare fuori
go up verbo		salire

Frasi da ripetere

Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:

That's what we're used to.
Let's say that you want to go dancing, okay?
Let's say you go to the hardware store, okay?
That's centroid stuff, isn't it?

Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione

Chi parla usa 47 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come I'm, we're, you're. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.

Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/, rectangular /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/, triangular /tɹaɪˈæŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/, accumulate /əˈkjuːmjʊˌleɪt/

I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:

/h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: heel /hil/, hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, helium /ˈhiː.li.əm/
Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: distribute /dɪˈstɹɪbjuːt/, pound /ˈpaʊ̯nd/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, solve /sɒlv/, concentrate /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/
/æ/ — più aperta della “e”: stack /stæk/, dancer /ˈdænsəɹ/, triangle /ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/, guarantee /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/

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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione

Vocaboli chiave di questo video

I phrasal verb che sentirai

Frasi da ripetere

Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione

Come esercitarsi con questo video

Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?