Практика Shadowing: Statics: Lesson 46 - Distributed Loads Using Centroids - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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hey welcome back team today we're talking about distributed loads we've finished chapter set chapter 9

which was Centroids

and now I'm kind of going to jump you back to chapter 4 to talk about distributed loads

because really distribute loads I think it's kind of out of place until you talk about Centroids

and then they really make sense okay we know about Centroids center of volume, center of mass, center of area,

center of weight, center of pressure, right?

Distributed loads has a lot to do with that, okay?

So when you say a distributed load, what is a distributed load?

Well, it's like me standing on the floor, okay?

My weight is distributor over the size of my foot.

Or it's like this textbook.

If I lay this textbook on the table,

this textbook has weight, but that weight is not a point load or a concentrated load like we've been used to, right?

Like that.

That's what we're used to.

But this book actually has the weight spread out all over the whole thing

so that that weight is distributed across an area that's why we call it a distributed load some things

that you might see for

that um maybe maybe a snow load on a roof let's say you were designing a roof

or a building

and you needed to account for the snow load

now in texas where we are there we don't get a lot of snow

so we don't have to worry about that but

if you're up north then you have like a three or four foot storm that dumps that much snow

that could be a tremendous amount of weight on the roof.

If that kind of snow hit Texas,

it would collapse most buildings in Texas because they're just not designed to take that kind of weight on the roof.

So the distributed load looks something like this.

You'll see it given in some kind of weight per length.

In this case, 100 pounds per feet.

So for every foot I go, I'm going to accumulate 100 pounds of weight.

That's what the distributed load looks like.

And this is what we call a rectangular distributed load.

So it's even across the whole thing, okay?

So how do we deal with that?

I know how to deal with that, but I don't know how to deal with that, okay?

And so it would go something like this, right?

You would calculate the size of the distributed load by looking at how much of it you have.

So it's 100 pounds per feet over four feet.

So that would be 400 pounds.

And where do you apply that?

What we're doing here is we're converting a distributed load into a concentrated load just to simplify things

so that we can solve it as a regular old statics problem.

So that would be 400 pounds, right?

So you do 100 pounds per feet times four feet, right?

The feet cancel out and I'm left with just pounds, okay?

So that's where that comes from.

And then where do you apply it?

At the center, okay?

So distributed loads are all around us.

Let me give it to you this way.

Let's say that you want to go dancing, okay?

And you can go dancing, you can dance with me

or you could dance with lovely linda okay now i am full man size okay 220 pounds

that's full man size but lovely linda she's only 120 pounds okay

so who are you gonna dance with well before

we make up our mind let me tell you one thing me and Linda, we're both really bad dancers, okay?

And we're going to step on your foot, okay?

Now, I only go dancing in my cowboy boots, right?

And the heel of my cowboy boots is four inches by three inches, okay?

And so, lovely Linda, she only dances in her stiletto high heels because it makes her legs look good, you know what I mean?

And those little stilettos have a little high heel

that is a quarter of an inch by a quarter of an inch okay

now you're going to get stepped on i guarantee you that

because we're not that good at dancers okay

so let me tell you something you'll run into in solids

and that is stress okay

and stress is what we call the intensity of the force okay

so stress is p over a in other words the force divided by the area

that it's distributed over So in my case, you'd have 220 pounds divided by 3 times 4, 12 inches squared.

Now that's going to give me PSI, okay?

Where lovely Linda, lovely Linda over here is 120 pounds divided by a quarter times a quarter.

That is 0 .0625 inches squared.

And let's see what we get here.

So, if you're dancing with me, you get 220 divided by 12, you're going to feel 18 .3 PSI, okay?

but if you're dancing with linda over there 120 divided by 0 .0625 you're going to feel

1 ,920 psi okay now i don't know what the sheer stress of skin is

but you may be you know if i step on you it's going to hurt

but if she steps on you she may be standing on the floor like through your foot, right?

Punctured a hole right in you.

So, that's distributed load.

If you take a big load and you distribute it over a bigger area, the intensity of the force is much less,

whereas a smaller load even over a very small area, the intensity of the load is very high, okay?

So, when do we see this kind of stuff in real life?

Let's say, I've got me a truck drawn over here.

Let's say you go to the hardware store, okay?

You're building a new house and they're going to deliver it to you

and so what they do is they go out

and they stack up two by fours okay

and two by fours look like this okay and let's say that two by fours were i don't know

500 pounds per foot

and then the little guy at the hardware store thought he'd be clever

there was going to be some cinder blocks on there

so he stacked them like up high but then he went every row, he stacked them one less.

So he had like this triangular load here.

Okay.

Very clever little brick stacker guy.

And what we do on triangular loads is we only give you the tallest point.

So let's say that's 700 pounds per foot.

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At this end, it's zero pounds per feet, isn't it?

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And then, I don't know, for some reason on that job site, they also were asking for a whole pallet full of helium okay maybe helium

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and so that load is like this 200 pounds per feet

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but it's going upwards right it's it's pulling upwards okay so

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and if we look at this you might say well okay

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uh find the reactions on the tires okay

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so we could say over here maybe we have a by and then over here,

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I have an AY, and I could solve for those reaction forces on those tires

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if I can convert those distributed loads into concentrated loads.

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Well, this first one, let me just, let me, let's make up some numbers here.

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This looks like 15 feet.

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I'm going to do numbers that I can do in my head.

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How about that?

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20 feet.

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Okay.

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And this is 20 feet, which would make this back here 13 feet.

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Okay.

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It's a 53 foot trailer.

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That's how long, that's how long most flatbed tractor trailers are, 53 feet.

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Okay.

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So this bit up here is 500 times 20.

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That's going to be 10 ,000, isn't it?

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And where would I apply that?

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Right there.

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So that's 10 ,000 pounds.

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And I would apply that right in the center of

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that rectangle because the centroid of a rectangle is half the base, right?

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Then this guy, and all I'm doing, think about this as an area.

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Think about the 500 as the height, and the 20 as the width, and I'm finding the area.

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You can't go out with a tape measure and measure that area, but it's an area, okay?

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This area here is 700 tall by 20, but it's a triangle, so I'm going to treat it like an area.

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I've got to divide that by two, so that would be like 700 times 10, which would be 7 ,000.

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And where would you put that 7 ,000 pounds?

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Well, I put it like right there.

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Okay.

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Why right there?

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Well, it's at one third the base of the triangle, right?

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So this distance right here would be 20 over three.

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Okay.

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That's centroid stuff, isn't it?

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and then over here oh the only tricky part about this is the arrows are going up instead of down

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so this is 200 times 13 which would be 2600 and I would put that right there Okay.

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2 ,600 pounds.

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And it's in the middle of the 13.

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And so now, now I've got three concentrated loads where I used to have distributed loads.

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I can solve that like a regular old statics problem, right?

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Take the moment at A and I got 400 times two rotating me negative.

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I got 500 times six rotating me negative plus BY times seven rotating me positive

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and just solve it like every problem we've done.

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So distributed load problems should be really easy for you if you know what a centroid is,

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because all you gotta do is calculate the area of this shape, 100 times four, right?

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Apply that load at the centroid of that shape and then just work it like a regular old statics problem, okay?

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So when I come back, we'll work one of those problems in the next video and maybe that'll make more sense to you.

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So hope that helps.

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Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Statics: Lesson 46 - Distributed Loads Using Centroids». Чаще всего повторяются слова: load, distributed, pounds, feet, weight. В этом видео 153 предложений и 1627 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 10:42. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 152 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 86% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием. Вопросов здесь 40 из 153 предложений, так что это хорошая тренировка вопросительной интонации и коротких ответов.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
distribute глагол	/dɪˈstɹɪbjuːt/	распределя́ть, распредели́ть
divide глагол	/dɪˈvaɪd/	дели́ть, разделя́ть
solve глагол	/sɒlv/	реша́ть, реши́ть
concentrate глагол	/ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/	концентри́ровать, сконцентри́ровать
distress существительное	/dɪˈstɹɛs/	го́ре, беда́
intensity существительное	/ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/	интенси́вность
stack существительное	/stæk/	сто́пка, ки́па
heel существительное	/hil/	пя́тка, пята́
textbook существительное	/ˈtɛkst.bʊk/	уче́бник, посо́бие
rotate глагол	/ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/	враща́ться, верте́ться
trailer существительное	/ˈtɹeɪlɚ/	прице́п, тре́йлер
hardware существительное	/ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/	стройматериа́лы, оборудование
clever прилагательное	/ˈklɛv.ɚ/	иску́сный, ло́вкий
boot существительное	/but/	бу́тса, боти́нок
convert глагол	/kənˈvɝt/	превраща́ть, преврати́ть

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Произношение	Значение
make up глагол	/ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/	составля́ть, соста́вить
come back глагол		возвраща́ться, возврати́ться
go out глагол		выходи́ть, вы́йти
go up глагол		поднима́ться, подня́ться

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:

That's what we're used to.
Let's say that you want to go dancing, okay?
Let's say you go to the hardware store, okay?
That's centroid stuff, isn't it?

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 47 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'm, we're, you're. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Длинные слова — следите за ударением: intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/, rectangular /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/, triangular /tɹaɪˈæŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/, accumulate /əˈkjuːmjʊˌleɪt/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

/w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/, upwards /ˈʌpwɚdz/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, width /ˈwɪtθ/
/h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: heel /hil/, hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, helium /ˈhiː.li.əm/
Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: pound /ˈpaʊ̯nd/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, solve /sɒlv/, upwards /ˈʌpwɚdz/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как distribute, divide, solve.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

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Практика Shadowing: Statics: Lesson 46 - Distributed Loads Using Centroids - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Ключевая лексика этого видео

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Как заниматься с этим видео

Что такое техника Shadowing?