シャドーイング練習: 7 reasons to listen before you read - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
1
Today, I want to give you seven reasons why I think we should listen first before we read.
2
Now, I often talk about the importance of input, and I think many people recognize the importance of input, but they sometimes wonder, is it better to read first or listen first?
3
I believe everyone should do what they enjoy doing, because if you enjoy doing it, you're likely to continue doing it.
4
So I will tell you what I do, and I will tell you the reasons why I do it.
5
I listen first, and there are seven principal reasons which I've jotted down.
6
Before I get into that, by the way, I looked up the perennial question of which comes first, the chicken or the egg?
7
And there is an explanation online that the egg comes first because the egg evolved from a reptile's egg,
8
which then became a chicken at some point in the evolutionary process, which to me doesn't really answer the question because then all you're doing is pushing it back to the reptile,
9
which comes first, the reptile's egg or the reptile.
10
But anyway, leaving that aside, to me, the first reason why listening comes first is because it's the easiest thing to do.
11
It's the first thing I do in the morning.
12
I don't wake up and start reading in, say, Persian, which I'm learning now.
13
I get up and I get some audio, something that I'm listening to.
14
It might be something out of Radio Fardo.
15
It might be something from LingQ.
16
I start listening.
17
So it's the first thing I do.
18
It's the easiest thing to do.
19
You can do it wherever you are.
20
I can do it while preparing breakfast.
21
I do it in the car.
22
I do it if I'm going to clean up the garage.
23
It's just so easy to pick up some audio, put the AirPods in and listen.
24
And I do make an effort to listen in LingQ Because then at least I get credit for those listening hours.
25
Whereas if I'm listening on some other app, I'm usually too lazy to manually add those listening hours to my statistics.
26
Now, somewhat related to that is the idea that listening is something you can do while doing other chores.
27
It's the same idea, but the benefit is different.
28
It's not because it's the easiest thing to do, but it's because very often when we're studying languages, we kind of think, gee, I wish I were doing something else.
29
Whereas with listening, you can have the feeling that you are killing two birds with one stone.
30
And you don't have to understand everything you're listening to.
31
But again, it's part of this idea that it's easier to do.
32
And also part of the fact that, again, and I'm going to get into exercise, but first thing I do in the morning is I grab my Persian listening
33
and I grab my app that I have for exercise.
34
And I think the fact that I can listen to my Farsi motivates me to do my exercises.
35
And the fact that I'm doing the exercises motivates me to do the Farsi or the Persian.
36
So there's a symbiosis there, a synergy.
37
And so the multitasking capability strengthens our willingness to do both.
38
And so therefore, to my mind, the listening comes first.
39
The third point is exercise.
40
I wanted to delve a little more deeply into exercise.
41
There is research that shows that, first of all, exercise increases our cognitive ability.
42
It might have to do with blood flow or whatever, but that is a fact.
43
And not only during the exercise, but after the exercise, if we increase our flow of blood or if we're engaged in exercise, we are able to learn better.
44
But there is very specific research that has been done on learning vocabulary,
45
which showed that if two groups are exposed to new vocabulary and one group is on a,
46
say, stationary bicycle and the other group is simply sitting there, then the group that's on the stationary bicycle will learn the vocabulary better.
47
So I've actually experimented with this now, and I'm going to perhaps do another video on the different ways you can exercise and study languages, but apparently this works.
48
So exercise improves your ability to learn and to remember.
49
Number four, another reason why listening comes first is because the listening will trigger the curiosity from a number of perspectives.
50
So you're listening to something, maybe you don't fully understand it.
51
There are many words that you don't understand.
52
Maybe it's an interesting story you want to understand the parts
53
that you missed so that you can better understand the whole story.
54
So the listening is going to trigger you to do other things.
55
It's going to trigger you to read that story.
56
It's going to trigger you to look up words, possibly review the words.
57
So again, the listening starts the process and triggers the curiosity.
58
And that's very important.
59
Anything that keeps you going on your learning tasks is good.
60
Now, number five is that listening gives you a sense of familiarity about the subject matter.
61
You may find in listening to something new that you're not interested in it, or you may find that you're very interested in it.
62
But the listening creates the atmosphere.
63
You can't smell the smells, but you can feel the atmosphere of whatever it is you're listening to.
64
I still remember when I listened to, you know, Russian novels or Italian novels, you know, at Cidiechi, in the case of Russian, while jogging around the field here,
65
or while, you know, listening to I Prima Cisposi, pardon me if I like 19th century literature while learning Italian.
66
It gets you in the mood.
67
And once you have that mood and familiarity, it's so much easier than to read.
68
Again, number seven, it's sort of related to this idea that you gain some familiarity with the subject matter, but it's more than that.
69
It's this idea that you gain momentum.
70
So you have heard it.
71
You've heard the rhythm of the language and phrases and words have bounced around in your brain.
72
And you've got the intonation and then you've heard the person's voice
73
and all of that gives you momentum so that when you go to read, because when we read inevitably we sub vocalize, you've got some of that momentum,
74
that intonation, and it pushes you forward.
75
You're not fighting inertia.
76
You've got some momentum going in your favor if you have been listening first.
77
So that's the seventh reason why I think listening comes first.
78
Now people are going to say when I listen, I can't maintain my focus.
79
That's all true.
80
And our ability to focus varies according to many different factors.
81
I, for example, find that I am least able to focus
82
if I just sit in a chair and don't do anything else.
83
I can't just sit there and listen.
84
I got to do something.
85
Now, how much am I able to focus in?
86
It's going to depend on my level in the language, on my interest in the subject matter, the audio quality, the narrator's voice quality,
87
all of these things affect how much you're able to concentrate.
88
Also, certain activities lend themselves more to staying focused.
89
So I'm able to focus quite well while driving.
90
If I'm exercising or lifting weights or even trying to organize my garage, it's much more difficult to stay focused.
91
It doesn't matter because if you can listen to a lot, you're getting this rhythm, the intonation, as I've said, all those good things.
92
But you're also picking up words and phrases.
93
And you may not get them all, but whatever you do get goes into your database, into your reserve memory.
94
And when we are reading or listening in the language, we're constantly predicting what's going to happen in the language.
95
This is based on MRI research.
96
So we're trying to predict what's going to come at us.
97
We don't know to what extent these little bits and pieces of words and phrases that we noticed while listening, even though we weren't totally focused the whole time,
98
to what extent is our ability to predict what's going to happen influenced by these little bits and pieces, these words and phrases.
99
Similarly, when we go to speak, we know from research that we tend to grab words that we're confident, confident we can use or grab structures that we're confident we can use.
100
And we kind of shape our utterances around things that we're comfortable using, or we think are going to work.
101
And again, it's this error driven process that's either confirmed as being, you know, is working or not working.
102
But in many cases, I think, again, we will grab some of these words and phrases that for whatever reason we heard or noticed while listening,
103
even though we were of sort of fading in and out of the content while listening.
104
So I think people shouldn't take the position that I'm only going to listen if I understand everything.
105
That's not how listening works.
106
You're going to understand better sometimes than at other times, and you're going to be able to focus better in some situations than other situations.
107
So to summarize, input is so important, listening and reading.
108
Obviously we all want to get to speaking and we want to speak a lot, but we need to have that listening and reading to give us the weapons,
109
the words, the phrases, the familiarity that we need in order to have successful interactions in the language.
110
If we listen, and listen a lot, it's going to improve our ability to read, it's going to improve our ability to learn from our reading, and because it's easy to do, it's going to keep us going.
111
So I'm not saying that listening is more important, but if I'm asked which do I start with, then I start with listening for all of the reasons that I outlined,
112
and I'd be interested in hearing your views on this subject.
📺 同じチャンネル
B21
Apprendre une langue, c’est s’y habituer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
To get fluent in a language… find another interest
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2Task-Based Language Learning
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
Do This if You Understand But Can't Speak
Interview EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
How To Improve Your Listening Skills
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
How To Improve Your Reading Comprehension
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
The Key to Improved Listening Comprehension
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Can we learn to sound native in another language?
University StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Learn any language with point-of-view stories
Travel EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B26
Chunking: the secret to fluency?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C1Why reading is the KILLER APP for language learning
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
7 tips for staying motivated when learning a language
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
My Method for Learning Languages from Scratch
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Should you learn low-frequency words? My approach as a polyglot
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C1Want to learn faster? Reduce cognitive load
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B1My Top 7 Tips For Improving Your Listening Skills
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
✨ おすすめ動画
B21
276 文
Stop wasting your time | Easy English podcast | B1-B2 listening practice
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
246 文
What Reading Out Loud Does to Your Brain
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2198 文
Why You Need To Train Your Ears First, Not Your Eyes | English Tips
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
48 文
Celeste Headlee - 10 ways to have a better conversation (Condensed Talk)
Business EnglishInterview EnglishDaily Conversation
B21
105 文
Video
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
109 文
Is it better to focus on READING or LISTENING? - Ask Ethan
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
164 文
The language learning system I wish I knew years ago!
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
270 文
Subliminals 101 - how to listen THE CORRECT WAY
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
114 文
Repeat-After-Me or just LISTEN or for English Speaking Fluency SHADOWING Practice
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
97 文
How I Learned English (didn’t speak it until I was 18)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「7 reasons to listen before you read」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：listening, exercise, listen, words, language。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が112文、単語が1697語あります。 音声の長さは8:11です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約207語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 単語の86%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| momentum 名詞 | /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/ | 運動量 |
| intonation 名詞 | /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/ | イントネーション, 抑揚 |
| vocabulary 名詞 | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | 語彙, 語彙力 |
| predict 動詞 | /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ | 予言する |
| reptile 名詞 | /ˈɹɛp.taɪl/ | 爬虫, 爬虫類 |
| motivate 動詞 | /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ | 動機を与える |
| stationary 形容詞 | /ˈsteɪʃəˌnɛɹi/ | 止まっている, 静止した |
| curiosity 名詞 | /ˌkjʊɹ.iˈɑ.sə.ti/ | 好奇心 |
| bicycle 名詞 | /ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/ | 自転車, チャリンコ |
| rhythm 名詞 | /ˈɹɪð.əm/ | リズム |
| inertia 名詞 | /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/ | 慣性 |
| multitasking 名詞 | マルチタスク | |
| summarize 動詞 | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | 要約する |
| symbiosis 名詞 | /sɪmbaɪˈoʊsɪs/ | 共生 |
| synergy 名詞 | /ˈsɪnəɹd͡ʒi/ | 相乗効果, シナジー |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| look up 動詞 | /ˌlʊk ˈʌp/ | 見上げる |
| pick up 動詞 | 拾う, 拾い上げる | |
| clean up 動詞 | 掃除する | |
| get up 動詞 | 起きる | |
| wake up 動詞 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 目覚める, 目を覚ます |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- It's the first thing I do in the morning.
- There are many words that you don't understand.
- It's going to trigger you to read that story.
- It's this idea that you gain momentum.
- I can't just sit there and listen.
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | I've jotted · has been done · I've actually experimented |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | has been done · are exposed · is based |
注意したい発音
話し手はI'm, you're, we'reなど、短縮形や弱形を55回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/, stationary /ˈsteɪʃəˌnɛɹi/, inertia /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/, intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, stationary /ˈsteɪʃəˌnɛɹi/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, reptile /ˈɹɛp.taɪl/, perennial /pəˈɹɛn.j(ə)l/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/, vocalize /ˈvoʊ.kə.laɪz/, evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, fade /feɪd/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。momentum, intonation, vocabularyなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。