シャドーイング練習: Taoist Wisdom For Inner Peace - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Taoism is an ancient Chinese mystical, philosophical, and religious tradition that emphasizes living in agreement with the Tao.
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The main work in Taoism is the Daodejing, created by a mysterious author called Laozi, which contains profound wisdom and insights.
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But there are more ancient works that define Taoism, like Zhuangzi and Lizi.
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It can be difficult to make sense out of the poetry, parables, anecdotes, and other forms of writing that Daoist scriptures have to offer.
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Nevertheless, we can find a lot of value in them.
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In this video, I would like to discuss some Daoist wisdom for inner peace.
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Daoism contains a philosophy that almost directly opposes today's culture.
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We're all about work hard, play hard, being proactive, unlocking your full potential,
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social, achieving social status, which often goes hand -in -hand with stretching ourselves beyond our capacities.
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This doesn't mean that accomplishment is evil.
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A certain degree of accomplishment is necessary for survival, and lies at the basis of civilization.
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But the Taoists highlight that there are alternative ways to live our lives.
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Ways that are less burdened, but less glamorous too.
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This all comes down to living more in tune with the Tao.
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Tao, the all -encompassing and thriving force behind the universe.
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Here are four pieces of wisdom that might bring us closer to the Tao.
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Don't stand on your tiptoes.
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In current culture, we're likely to overstretch ourselves in order to achieve our goals.
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Oftentimes we rush, exaggerate our achievements, lie, boast about our abilities, and push too hard.
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But the problem with this behavior is that we often lack the foundation to do what we want to do,
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which results in a very unstable position.
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I quote, Those who stand on tiptoes do not stand firmly.
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Those who rush ahead don't get very far.
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Those who try to outshine others dim their own light.
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Those who call themselves righteous can't know how wrong they are.
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Those who boast of their accomplishments diminish the things they have done.
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End quote.
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So, it's better that we don't rush into tasks, don't buy things that we can't afford, don't lie about our abilities,
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and don't show ourselves off all the time.
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Because if we do, we put ourselves in an extremely vulnerable and stressful position.
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This doesn't mean that we shouldn't go out and accomplish things.
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It's just that we do so in a manner that's sustainable and within our true capacities.
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Let softness overcome the heart.
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As a follow -up to not standing on our tiptoes,
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it could be very beneficial to realize that softness is a way to overcome the greatest of tasks.
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Here's what Lao Tzu wrote about this, and I quote, Water is the softest and most yielding substance,
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yet nothing is better than water for overcoming the hard and rigid, because nothing can compete with it.
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End quote.
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We can interpret this in many ways.
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When we look at how water has carved out mountains and rocks on our planet,
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we could say that repeating the same acts of softness over and over again will eventually overcome the hard.
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If we put emphasis on small tasks and efforts, these eventually add up into one big undertaking.
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This is the power of discipline, which means that we do the same things over and over again to achieve something big.
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A great factor in this process is the virtue of patience, which is also a form of softness,
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in which we simply accept the slowness of a natural process.
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Another factor is the willingness to let go, so the universe can manifest itself.
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We can see this with planting a tree, for example.
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We can't will the tree into growth.
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We can only water it and let nature do the rest.
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Being soft also means being flexible.
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People that are too hard and brittle cannot adapt to new situations easily and are often subdued to external circumstances.
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When we're flexible, like water, we can adapt to these circumstances.
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When a rock breaks off from a mountain by an earthquake, the fall pulverizes it.
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Water, on the other hand, will just find another way to flow.
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Three.
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Appreciate uselessness.
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In the Zhuangzi, there's a story about a useless, crooked tree.
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The lumberjack didn't want to cut that tree because that would have been a waste of his time and energy.
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The tree was so crooked and ugly that he probably couldn't even make one decent wooden plank out of it.
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But then, Zhuangzi came along.
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He observed that the straight trees were all cut down because they were useful for mankind.
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Thus, the uselessness of the crooked tree became the reason for its survival.
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Moreover, people thought… that the tree's deformations and age made it special and began to worship it like a holy object.
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Our society expects us to be useful.
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We're more appreciated when we're intelligent, diligent, good -looking, etc. Being useless doesn't get us any respect, and is even seen as a vice.
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Even the Stoics think that living virtuously includes being useful for the community.
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But the Taoists, as rebellious as they are, go against the grain by saying that uselessness is actually very useful.
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In the case of the tree, uselessness led to its preservation.
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When it comes to humans, we'll see that when we don't possess many desirable traits, we're often saved from a lot of trouble.
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So if you aren't very gifted, don't sweat over it.
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Instead, be happy, because gifted people are often the first ones that get exploited.
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Don't strive, but flow along.
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Zhuangzi observed that striving for external things is the same as striving for an illusion.
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Wealth doesn't buy happiness, and it certainly doesn't buy inner peace.
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On the contrary, being too much encumbered by possessions can evoke anxiety.
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I quote, The ears of the rich are provided with the music of bells,
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drums, flageolettes, and flutes, and their mouths are stuffed with the flesh of fat beasts, and with wine of the richest flavor.
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However, so are their desires satisfied, till they forget their proper business.
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Theirs may be pronounced a condition of disorder.
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Sunk deeply in their self -sufficiency, they resemble individuals ascending a height with a heavy burden on their backs.
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Their condition may be pronounced one of bitter suffering.
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End quote.
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The Taoists see any kind of grasping towards externals and tightly holding on to them as unnatural.
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It's not aligned with the Tao, so to say.
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But current society seems to completely revolve around this, and perhaps this is one of the main reasons why
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so many people are on antidepressants these days and flee in drugs and alcohol.
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A healthier way would be to stop striving and let go.
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And when we flow along with the current of life, we'll find out that many things will come to us, and that it doesn't take much,
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in a materialistic sense, to be satisfied.
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When a bird drinks from a pond, it only fills its belly with enough water to keep on living.
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Even animals in hibernation eat just enough to survive the coldness and scarcity of the winter.
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By following a more natural course, we will most likely end up in places that are more in agreement with our own nature.
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The act of striving often blinds us to the things
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that already are and the possibilities that life presents and that we can simply take without effort.
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So, it can't harm us to lay down the arms for a
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while and just experience what the universe has in store for us, instead of constantly striving for a conceptual future.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Taoist Wisdom For Inner Peace」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです:tree, quote, striving, Tao, Taoist。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が75文、単語が1275語あります。 音声の長さは7:57です。 話す速さは1分あたり約160語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は79%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
strive 動詞/ˈstɹaɪv/努力する, 闘う
overcome 動詞/ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/克服する, 征服する
rush 動詞/ɹʌʃ/急ぐ, 駆け付ける
wisdom 名詞/ˈwɪzdəm/知恵
accomplishment 名詞/əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/遂行, 達成
crooked 形容詞/kɹʊkɪd/曲がった
survival 名詞/sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/生存, サバイバル
burden 名詞/ˈbɝdn̩/積み荷
flexible 形容詞/ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/柔軟な
observe 動詞/əbˈzɜːv/守る, 従う
adapt 動詞/əˈdæpt/適応する
satisfy 動詞/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/満たす
circumstance 名詞/ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/状況, 事情
boast 動詞/boʊst/自慢する, 力む
anxiety 名詞/æŋˈzaɪ.əti/心配, 不安

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語意味
find out 動詞見出す, 調べる
go out 動詞出る
lie down 動詞横になる, 臥す

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加えるThose who stand · Those who rush · Those who try
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるare often subdued · is even seen · are provided
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhave done · has carved

注意したい発音

話し手はdon't, doesn't, we'reなど、短縮形や弱形を32回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「th」の音: nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, theirs /ðɛɚz/, thrive /θɹajv/
  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: rush /ɹʌʃ/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, worship /ˈwɝ.ʃɪp/, flesh /flɛʃ/
  • 長い単語(アクセントの位置に注意): accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/, sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/

日本語話者が苦手な音:

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/, glamorous /ˈɡlæ.mə.ɹəs/
  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: strive /ˈstɹaɪv/, overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flexible /ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/, satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/, suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/, define /dɪˈfaɪn/, flesh /flɛʃ/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。strive, overcome, rushなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは?英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング(Shadowing)は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的:ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影(shadow)」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

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